Bureaucracy

Chapter 13: The Bureaucracy

Tonight’s Class

Review schedule Politics in the news The Presidency

Schedule

4/21 The Presidency Ch 12

4/28 The Bureaucracy Ch 13

5/5 The Judiciary Ch 14

5/12 •Foreign policy•Wars in Iraq & Afghanistan

Ch 16

5/19 •Global warming•Review for the final

5/26 Final exam

Final exam

50 multiple choice questions from ch. 7-14 Two essays selected from:

The current economic crisis Foreign policy Global warming

The Bureaucracy: The Power of Rule-Making

Copyright © 2009 Cengage Learning

5

Click the icon to open the movie

Questions


6

Why does Congress allow for bureaucratic rulemaking?

What are the potential conflicts in a system that allows bureaucratic rulemaking?

Bureaucracies


7

Bureaucracies are often handy political targets to blame for society’s ills.

Yet, the same bureaucrats who are blamed for red tape have also accomplished some remarkable tasks: NASA TVA

Bureaucracies (cont.)


8

Americans tend to be against “Big Government” in the abstract, but they also demand all kinds of government services.

Bureaucracy and the Policy Process


10

Client Groups Congress Triangles and Subgovernments Issue Networks

The Veterans Affairs “Triangle”


11

The Politics of Bureaucracy


12

Bureaucracy and Public Opinion Bureaucracy and the President Bureaucracy and Policymaking

Models of Bureaucracy


13

Weberian Model Hierarchy Specialization Rules and regulations Neutrality

Acquisitive Model Monopolistic Model Bureaucracies Compared

The Size of the Bureaucracy


14

Today there are about 2.7 million civilian employees of the federal government.

(UPI Photo/Bill Greenblatt/Landov)

A Profile of Bureaucracy: Government Employment—Federal, State, and Local


15

Federal Agencies and Their Employees


17

Government Employment at the Federal, State, and

Local Levels


18

The Organization of the Federal Bureaucracy


20

Cabinet Departments Independent Executive Agencies Independent Regulatory Agencies

The Purpose and Nature of Regulatory Agencies Agency Capture Deregulation and Reregulation

Government Corporations

Major Regulatory Agencies


21

The Federal Trade Commission (1914) The Federal Communications Commission (1934) The Securities and Exchange Commission (1934) The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (1978)

Deregulation


22

The government regulation of industry, which increased during the New Deal administration of FDR, had by the 1970s, become a target of criticism.

In the 1970s, President Carter called for deregulation of airlines, banking, trucking, railroads, and telecommunications.

The Growth of Social Regulation


23

Although considerable deregulation of transportation, communications, and financial industries took place, social regulation increased during the 1970s and 1980s.

Staffing the Bureaucracy


24

Political Appointees The aristocracy of the federal government The difficulty of firing civil servants

Modern Attempts at Bureaucratic Reform


25

Sunshine Laws The 1966 Freedom of Information Act Changes after 9/11

Sunset Laws require congressional review of existing programs to determine their effectiveness. If Congress does not explicitly reauthorize a program, it expires.

The Civil Service


26

The Spoils System The Road to Reform

1850s

The Carter Reforms


27

The Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 Whistle-blowers The Senior Executive Service

Modern Attempts at Bureaucratic Reform (cont.)


29

Privatization Incentives for Efficiency and Productivity

The Government Performance and Results Act of 1997

Saving Costs through E-Government

Helping Out the Whistle Blowers

Bureaucrats as Politicians and Policy-Makers


30

The Rulemaking Environment Waiting periods and court

challenges Negotiated Rulemaking

Congressional Control of the Bureaucracy


31

The ultimate control is in the hands of Congress because Congress controls the purse strings.

Congressional control of the bureaucracy includes the establishment of agencies and departments, the budget process, and oversight conducted through investigations, hearings, and review.

Questions for Critical Thinking


32

What could be done to eliminate iron triangles? In modern times, we tend to equate the term

“bureaucracy” with “red tape” or inefficiency. How does the goal of neutrality and the need for specialization help reinforce those images?

Web Links


33

US Office of Personnel Management The Project on Government Oversight USA Jobs

http://www.opm.gov/

http://www.pogo.org/index.shtml

http://www.usajobs.opm.gov/

Web Links (cont.)


34

GAO—U.S. Government Accountability Office FAS—Federation of American Scientists OMB Watch Openthegovernment.org

http://www.gao.gov/

http://www.gao.gov/

http://www.gao.gov/

http://www.fas.org/main/home.jsp

http://www.gao.gov/

http://www.fas.org/main/home.jsp

http://www.ombwatch.org/

http://www.openthegovernment.org/

Bureaucracy

Sports

Transcript of Bureaucracy