Built Infrastructure: Overview and Issues
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Transcript of Built Infrastructure: Overview and Issues
Built Infrastructure: Overview and Issues
H. Scott Matthews
February 10, 2003
Recap of Last Lecture Life Cycle Costing (LCC) is a framework to
internalize costs of a structure over its useful life (design -> disposal) Including user costs Similar, not equal to, benefit-cost analysis
Reliability-based assessment focuses on preventing failure rather than lower forms of maintenance Involves more complex (and realistic) models to
assess deterioration and expected performance
Infrastructure Issues For the 3 infrastructures we will discuss: History Network Layout Supply and Demand issues Investments Rights of Way Design and Approval Process** User Cost / Pricing Let’s start with built infrastructure
Data and figures from 1999/2002 C&P Reports: http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/1999cpr/report.htm http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/2002cpr/
US Highway System Roads have been around since before we had cars,
but cars led to ‘paving’ 1938: 6 road toll network to be infeasible (3 North-
South, 3 East-West across US) 1954: Eisenhower - suggested 60/40 match 1956: Federal-Aid Highway Act 90/10 spends $25 B in
12 yrs Gave uniform design standards, must accommodate traffic in
20 years Could include toll roads Height and weight limits 1966: All roads 4-lane, no at-grade crossings
System (cont.)National Highway System (1995) -
defined as interstates, most arterials (4% of miles, 45% use)
Now generally links all major metropolitan areas in the USA
Statistics 4 million miles of roads 4 trillion passenger miles of vehicle travel 4 trillion ton-miles of freight movement
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Highway ‘Jurisdiction’Ownership, not responsibilityMay be ‘owned’ locally but gets fed $75% controlled by local govts20% controlled by states5% controlled by federal (US) govt
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Types of Highways Arterial - fastest, most throughput
11% of miles, 72% of vehicle-miles Collectors - ‘collect and distribute’ traffic from
arterials to locals 20% miles, 15% vehicle-miles-traveled
Local - basic access to/from buildings69% miles, 13% VMT
3 trillion VMT, 4 trillion pass-miles-trav (PMT) i.e. 1.3 passengers per vehicle average overall
Only 40 billion PMT from mass transit
Pure Costs Original idea: fund construction / maintenance
with gas tax (not tolls) 1940: 1.5 cents/gallon, now 18.4 cents PLUS state gas taxes range 7.5 - 31 cents
TEA-21 (fed): 84% on roads, 15% mass transit During previous (ISTEA), 23% -> deficit reduction TEA-21: $162 B from 1998-2003 on roads, $36B on
mass transit Other monies come from state gas taxes, user fees
and tolls, etc.
Congestion Values and CostsFrom Texas Transportation Institute
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