Building And House

# What is the definition of Building and Houses?

Building

is a closed space that is built with a combination of walls,

roof and different structures and fixtures.

House

is a builiding that functions as a home for human.

Classifications BuildingsBased on the building use, buildings are grouped as;-

Residential buildings: Residential buildings are bungalow, flats etc.

Assembly building: Assembly buildings are amusement, recreation etc.

Business building: Business buildings are banks, offices, shops, stores.

Educational buildings: Educational buildings are schools, colleges, universities.

Health buildings: Heath buildings are hospitals, nursing homes, dispensaries.

Industrial buildings: Industrial buildings are factories,

workshops, laboratories.

Recreation buildings: Recreation buildings are theaters, town halls, cinemas etc.

Residential BuildingA building used for doweling purposes is known as residential

building. So that residential are those in which one resides

permanently or for a considerable long time.

Residential Building Type

1- Single Family Home

2- Duplex

3- Apartment Buildings

4- Condominium

5- Townhouse

6- Villa

7- Bungalow

1- SINGLE FAMILY HOME

Built on the single lot and thus have no separation walls.

It is a free standing Residential building for the family.

It is meant for the single family.

2- Duplex

It is the residential way of living in the Apartments, which

have the separate Entrance for two households.

These features a two storey houses having a complete

apartment on each floor.

In fact the term between the duplex and apartment is so

interchangeably used, the actual difference between the both

has completely got blurred.

3- Apartment Buildings

Numerous Buildings at a single

place.

These contains many triplexes and

even feature four unit Buildings.

Thus, we can actually say that the

residing in a single flat among

several such flats which are

contained in a single unit are called

as Apartment Buildings.

4- Condominium It may be defined as the building

or a complex of buildings, where

number of individually owned

houses are present.

Here, the Condominium owners

hold sole title to the whole Condo

, but owns land and other features

like Lifts, stairs and many others

with the other unit owners.

5- Townhouse

Townhouse is the sort of big

residential units, where several

individual families live.

In thus type, each owner pay their

own taxes, and carry all the

maintenance on their own.

Thus, we can say that the Town

houses are the sort of the hybrid

Structures of the Single Family

Homes and Condominium.

6- Villa

Villa is a sort of large country

house, featuring a farmhouse

and residential units along with

several other features.

These are built on own land.

These are upper class

Residential Buildings and

generally feature all kinds of

the facilities.

7- bungalowA bungalow is a house which is all on ground level. Traditionally

small, but today it can be quite large.

TYPES OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

ACORDING TO INCOME

:- It divided in to 5 major classes they are

1 Residence for extreme high income family

2 Residence for high income family

3 Residence for Middle income family

4 Residence for Low income family

5 Residence for weaker section family

Residence For Extreme High Income

Family

:- It Is Contains The Following Rooms

`

Living room - Bed room

Kitchen master bed room

Bath room more than 2 beds

master bath - Silent room

more than 1 baths - Praying room

sauna bath - Store room

spa - Sport center

Study room or library - Bar and lounge

Foyer room(welcome guest) - Secular room

Entertainment room - Office

Cinema - Salarioum

Game place - Loggia(open room)

Music, art and art room

Surrounding

Garage - Green area

Bay(car stopping place) - Gym

Courtyard(fenenig) - Swimming pool

2- Residence for high income family

:- it is contains the following rooms

Living room - Gust bed room

Dining room - Office

Family room - Store

Bed room with bath - Kitchen

Surrounding

- Garage - Green area

- Courtyard(fenenig) - Swimming pool

3. Residence for middle income

family

:- it contains the following rooms;

Living room - Bath with Waco

Dining room - Store

Bed room

Surrounding

Garage

Green area

4. Residence for low income family

it contains the following rooms;

Living room - Kitchen

Bed room - Bath with w.c

5. Residence for Weaker income family

it contains the following rooms;-

To contain only one rooms including living, bed kitchens are together or not have this all

It’s like a studio

kitchen

1

4

3 2

56

910

11

12

bedroom

swimming

pool

bathroom

childroom

garden

chimney

roof garden

living room

13

attic

14

15

fence

PARTS OF THE HOUSE

LIVING ROOM Living room is the main component of the house in

which the the first accessible room for outsider.

preferable face towards to the north.

Good residential house must compose perfect orientation of furniture with appropriate

main components includes couch, table, television, flower pot, table lamp.

KITCHENKitchen is a part of the house which is a part of the house used

for preparation of food, drinks, and different eating staff

Kitchens should face north-east or north-west and adjacent to any vegetable garden and cellar.

an appropriate arrangement to easy the work in the kitchen would be from right to left: storage surface, cooker, preparation area, sink, drainage surface.

KITCHEN The minimum area for a cooking recess is 5-6 m2. For normal kitchen it is

8-10m2 and for normal kitchens with dining or snack areas is 12-14m2

For planning purposes the following width requirements for fitting and

equipment may be used : cooker 60cm, twin sink and draining surface

including (dishwasher) 150 cm ,refrigerator 60 cm , freezer 60 cm,

cupboard 170 cm.

The material used in kitchen unit include plywood, chipboard and plastic.

exposed wood surface are varnished or laminated with plastic .shelves are

of wood or plastic coated chipboard; metal shelves are the best pots and

pans.

BED ROOM

It is a resting room of the house.

To ensure comfort while sleeping the bed length

should be 250mm longer than individual height.

BED ROOM

There should always be a beside cabinet to the

left and right of the double beds and a

headboard, onto which one can fix clip lights

for reading ,is also useful

About 1m of cupboard length should be

planned per person. If there is not enough

room in the bed room then space can be found

in the corridor.

At least one mirror in which one can see

oneself from head to toe should be fitted in the

bed room: mirrored cub board fronts are even

better.

Type of Bed RoomMaster Bedroom

Is normally occupied by the person or persons who serve as the heads of the household.

The furniture included in this bed room include:A Queen Size Bed/King Size Bed, A dressing Table, 1 or 2 chairs and a small table for having morning coffee, A 4 0r 6 shutter Wardrobe or Closet.

Guest Bed Room

This room is primarily intended for stay of occasional guest.

Children's Bedroom

This is a room in which children sleep in.

According to the furniture it can be

1) Single Occupancy Bedroom :have only one single bed. It is mostly prepared for teenagers (9 to 12 years old)

2) Double Occupancy Bedroom: have two single Beds or a bunk bed . Used for small child for same sex.

BATHROOM Bath room is a part of the house which is used for the hygiene and

cleaning purpose.

The most convenient location for the bathroom is adjacent to the

bedrooms.

A bath up and a shower tray plus a wash basin are installed in the

bathroom while flushing toilet, bidet and hand washing are installed in

the wc

The bathroom and wc should be oriented towards the north and should

normally be naturally lit and ventilated.

BATH ROOM AND W.C It is susceptible to damp so

appropriate sealing must be

provided surface must be easy to

clean and withstand the condition,

covered with slip resistant floor

covering

. At least one sealed electrical

socket should be provided at a

height of 1.30m.

SIZE: usually a small room of bath a

minimum floor area is 2 msq and

used to the maximum area or

luxurious house of floor area is

9msq are requirement also the water

closet should have a minimum size of

1.2*o.9om. Similar to bath, latrines

also are provided in the rear

courtyard. And two types of bath and

w.c single and combined bath and

w.c.

LOCATION AND PURPOSE: it should

be attached to bed room preferably

independent and should be exposed to

sunlight. It also has adequate privacy. Bath

room and w.c in upper floor should be

placed above on top of those below. It’s

used to bathing and w.c and a towel rail and

small storage rack for keeping brushes,

soaps and other equipments should be

provided in the bath room.

DINING ROOM it is a space used mainly for eating purpose.

is a luxury and wasteful the room is used only an hour to during

breakfast, lunch and dinner in 24 hours.

Normally the most suitable place for dining room is between living

room and kitchen.

DINING ROOM

SIZE: the floor area of a separated dining room depends on the type

of furniture and the number of persons to be served at a time minimum

width of the room may be 3m .minimum floor area should be 10msq

and the maximum floor area should 20msq. And dining table is

generally 1.1m wide 60cm of table length is assumed per person .the

minimum area for a cooking recess is 5 to 6msq, and 8 to 10msq,

and12 to 14msq for normal kitchens with dining.

VERENDAH :-it a waiting or recreation area attached with bed room or other

rooms its serves to look the outside of the building.

VERENDAH

LOCATION AND PURPOSE: it’s attached to bed room

family room and other rooms it’s a waiting room for a

stranger or a visitor before he is lead in to the recreation

room. It serves as a passage giving an independent access

to other rooms of the house and sitting in the evenings or

by night after dinner. To protects the wall of the house

from being heated by exposure to the sun rays.

SIZE: it is sacra comfort on the south and west is in

dispensable.it is suitable put verandah on east and north. It

is not more than 1m to 1.20 wide of the width.

GARRGE - it is used to car parking in modern residential building the motor garage is

free from the nuisance but the contrary it would be great connivance as one

need not have to walk over in the rain

LOCATION AND PURPOSE: it build inside 0f the building and in the

corner of the plot. Being quite close and handing one can look it and the cars

up keep can much better after return from sopping can bring in the purchases

directly from the car in the building.

SIZE: the width of the garage has to be 2.5m to 3m and length 5m to 6m

ordinary more than 2.1m height of ceiling not required and rolling shutters

are preferable to folding shutters.

What is case study?

Case Study Of Residential Houses

Case study is doing for the

research to collect and

analysis the merit and

demerit of buildings.

Local case study 1

Residential building

Location:- Bole

Adam town

Ethiopia

The building profile

Residential house

Type:- bungalow

Story:- Ground(0) story

No of rooms:- 5

Size of the site:-120 sq.m

It has L shape orientation

DEMERIT OF THE HOUSE

DEMERIT OF THE HOUSELocation of the house

The house is located near from the main road so the house holder is affected by the car noises and peoples.It is not quite and convenient for living

Beautification of the building

On the surrounding there are a lot of unwanted plants and there are so many grubby in the surrounding. The house is not that much attractive for the viewer.

The solar light

They don’t get that much light from the morning sun because

there are 2 big trees are located in the front of the house.

The roof system

The roof system is not pitched roof it is flat so they can easily affected by the warm temperature.

According to the house holder

According to the house holder there are no enough space for children bedroom in the house and it don’t have a kitchen.

MERIT OF THE HOUSELocation of the house

The house is located near from the main road so the house holder is

easily can get transportation and shopping.

Beautification of the building

The house is well plastered.

Circulation and space

the surrounding have so many free space so the house holder

easily circulate and the can put different things on the

surrounding for example 1-3 car and materials.

The orientation of the house

The house is surrounded by a big fencing because of this,

they get good air.

International Case Study

Profile Of The Building

Location: - Colorado,

America

Foundation Type: -Poured Concrete Walls

Foundation Visibility: -10% of the foundation was visible.

Basement Type: -Traditional Finished

Columns: -Not Visible

Floor Structure: -Concrete and Wood Joists

Wall Structure: -Wood Frame

Ceiling Structure: -Joists and Trusses

Roof Structure: -Trusses

Exterior Walls: Exterior walls appear to be plumb.

Observation- The roof coverings appear to be in good condition. The steep

pitch of the roof should result in a longer than normal life expectancy for

roof coverings. The roof showed no evidence of any leaks.

DESCRIPTION OF ROOFING

Roof Type: ·Asphalt Shingle

Roof Flashings:Roofing Material (Shingles)/Metal

Chimneys: ·Metal

Roof Drainage System: ·Galvanized Steel

Drainage Discharge: ·Downspouts, with drain extensions, discharge above

grade away from Foundation

LIMITATIONS OF ROOFING INSPECTION

Not all of the underside of the roof sheathing is inspected for evidence of

leaks.

Evidence of prior leaks may be disguised by interior finishes

Exterior

DESCRIPTION OF EXTERIOR

Wall Covering: ·Exterior Insulated Finish System (EIFS) Brick

Exterior Doors: ·Solid Wood Metal Sliding Glass

Window/Door Frames and Trim: ·Vinyl-Covered Wood

LIMITATIONS OF EXTERIOR INSPECTION

Lot Drainage

Drainage was away from the house.

Porch

No visible defects were noted in the porch.

INTERIOR

Windows

No visible defects were noted in the windows. Most

windows are in good condition. The windows on the west

wall where moisture was indicated need to be resealed

and any cracks repaired.

LIMITATIONS OF EXTERIOR INSPECTION

Lot Drainage

• Drainage was away from the house.

Porch

No visible defects were noted in the porch.

INTERIOR

Building floor plan

Floors and Windows

No major defects were observed in the floors. Located throughout the home.

Doors

Defects were noticed in doors. Located throughout the home. The front storm door is in need of minor adjustment as it drags on the front porch when opened.

Kitchen Counters

Kitchen counter top showed normal wear for a home of this age.

Kitchen Cabinets

Kitchen cabinets were typical with normal wear for a home of this age. Located in the kitchen.

Skylights

None

Stairways

No major defects were observed in the stairs. Located throughout the home.

Basement Leakage

No evidence of outside moisture entering the basement.

Fixture

FIREPLACES / WOOD STOVES

Sump Pump

There is a sump pit but no pump. No

pump is deemed necessary at this time

as the pit was dry.

Waste Ejector Pump

None

Laundry Pump

None

Sauna

None

Fireplaces

• Gas Burning Steel Firebox Located in the master

bathroom. Located in: the living room.

Wood/Coal Stoves

None

Vents, Flues, Chimneys

Not Visible

Combustion Air

Inside Combustion Air Employed

THANKS FOR LISINING

GOOD BYE!