BUILDING THE WORLD€¦ · Engineering Projects in History Frank P. Davidson and Kathleen Lusk...
Transcript of BUILDING THE WORLD€¦ · Engineering Projects in History Frank P. Davidson and Kathleen Lusk...
BUILDING THE WORLDAn Encyclopedia of the Great Engineering Projects in History
Frank P. Davidson and Kathleen Lusk Brooke
Greenwood Press
www.buildingtheworld.comFrank P. Davidson and Kathleen Lusk Brooke
What defines What defines macroengineeringmacroengineering??
● Davidson, Macro (1983)
● New field, Ancient history
www.buildingtheworld.comFrank P. Davidson and Kathleen Lusk Brooke
Seven Signs of Macro1. Long Time Frame
2. Planning and Profit
3. Many Voices
4. One Vision
5. Environmental Concerns
6. Technical and Scientific Innovations
7. Cooperative Advantage
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Seven Signs of Macro
1. Long Time Frame
• Decades, Centuries
• Funded in stages
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Seven Signs of Macro
1. Long Time Frame
● Grand Canal of China
● Launched 600 B.C.E. and still in construction
● Beijing Olympics 2008
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Grand Canal, China
Source: Library of Congress
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Seven Signs of Macro
2. Planning and Profit
● Time/Budget/Safety/Environment
● Channel Tunnel:1959 = $100 Million to 1994 = $15 Billion
● Eiffel Tower: On time, no fatalities, immense profit
● Hoover Dam: Two years early, Six Companies, Inc
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Eiffel Tower, France
Source: Corbis
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Hoover Dam, United States
Source: Pharino, 2005
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Seven Signs of Macro
2. Planning and Profit (continued)
Big Picture Planning
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System Dynamics of Macro Engineering
Source: "Contract Design for Profitability in Macro-Engineering Projects," Khalid Saeed and Kathleen Lusk Brooke, System Dynamics Review, Vol. 12, no. 3 (Fall 1996) pp. 235-246
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Seven Signs of Macro
3. Many Voices
● Stakeholders: Engineers, Bankers, Governments, Environmentalists, Residents
● MASSIVE employment
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Seven Signs of Macro
3. Many Voices (continued)
● Charlemagne’s Europe
● Bridges, Battles
● Peoples, Languages
● Education: Monasteries, Universities
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Charlemagne, Europe
Source: Library of Congress
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Seven Signs of Macro3. Many Voices (continued)
New cities:● Cyrene (630 B.C.)● Baghdad (762 A.D.)● St. Petersburg (1703)● Washington D.C. (1787)● Singapore (1819)● Brasília (1956)● Abuja (1976)
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“Singapore 1903” and “Singapore 2002”
Source: Library of Congress Source: Corbis
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Seven Signs of Macro
3. Many Voice (continued)
MASSIVE employment
● Trans-Siberian Railway: 90,000
●Panama: 60,000 died
● Snowy Mountains Hydroelectric: 100,000
●Canadian Pacific Railway: 3,500,000
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Trans-continental Railway, United States
Source: Library of Congress
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Seven Signs of Macro
4. One Vision
Ignited by visionary
●Historical: emperor, king, czar
●Recent: legislator, passionate leader
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Seven Signs of Macro
4. One Vision (continued)
● Taj Mahal
● Visionary: Shah Jahan
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Taj Mahal, India
Source: Corbis
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Seven Signs of Macro
4. One Vision (continued)
●Canal des Deux Mers(Canal of the Two Seas)
●Visionary Riquet de Bonrepos
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Canal des Deux Mers, France
Source: Greenwood
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Seven Signs of Macro
4. One Vision (continued)
● Erie Canal
● Visionary: DeWitt Clinton
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Erie Canal, United States
Source: Library of Congress
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Seven Signs of Macro
5. Environmental Concerns
● Environmental change
● Preservation
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Seven Signs of Macro
5. Environmental Concerns (continued)
●Roman Aqueducts
●Tiber River
●Aqua Virgo, Aqua Marcia
●1000 Fountains
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Aqueducts, Rome
Source: Library of Congress
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Seven Signs of Macro
5. Environmental Concerns (continued)
● Hydroelectric Power: Salinity
● Aswan Dam
● Snowy Mountains
● ITAIPÚ
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Seven Signs of Macro
5. Environmental Concerns (continued)
● Preservation and Recreation
● Appalachian Trail
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National Trails System, United States
Source: Shutterstock
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Seven Signs of Macro
7. Technical and Scientific Innovations
● “Humankind’s capacity to accomplish what was often held to be unachievable.”– Dr. Jeffrey K. Stine, Smithsonian
● Macro as force in evolution?
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Groma, Rome
Source: Library of Congress
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Time Zones, Canadian Pacific Railway
Source: Library of Congress
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Miniaturization Industry: International Space Station
Source: NASA
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Seven Signs of Macro
7. Cooperative Advantage
● Influencing dynamics of systems
● Mobilizing through shared purpose
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Seven Signs of Macro
7. Cooperative Advantage (continued)
● Solomon’s Temple
● Israel and Lebanon cooperation
● “A house of prayer for all nations”Isaiah, 56:7
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Solomon’s Temple with Cedars of Lebanon
Source: Library of Congress
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Seven Signs of Macro7. Cooperative Advantage (continued)
● Suez Canal
● Ferdinand de Lesseps + Mohammed-Said Pasha, Viceroy of Egypt
● “Shall always remain open as a neutral passage to every merchant ship crossing from one sea to another” Article XIV, Charter of Concession, 30 Nov., 1854.
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Suez Canal, Egypt
Source: Library of Congress
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Seven Signs of Macro
7. Cooperative Advantage (continued)
● Channel Tunnel
● Fixed link of England and Europe
● Improved train system for continent
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Channel Tunnel, France and England
Source: Shutterstock
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Seven Signs of Macro
7. Cooperative Advantage (continued)
● International Space Station
● From Cold War to Comity
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Building the World
Role of large-scale infrastructure in the evolution of the world’s societies.
Dr. David Marks, MIT
Macro projects bring people and nations together.
Dr. Hasan-Uddin Khan, Roger Williams University, Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture, MIT/Harvard
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IAMES Top Ten
Building the Future
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Building the Future
AIDS Control and Prevention Program
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Building the Future
Development and Deployment of Economic Renewable
Energy Systems
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Building the Future
Use of Hydrogen to Power Motor Vehicles
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Building the Future
Electric Car Commercialization System
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Building the Future
Nuclear Waste DisposalComplex
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Building the Future
Universal Removal of Land Mines
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Building the Future
Large Reverse-Osmosis Plants in Heavily Populated, Arid
Coastal Areas
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Building the Future
Global Disaster Relief Service
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Building the Future
International Food Reserve
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Building the Future
Superconducting Maglev Rail Systems
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Building the Future
Importance of Resolving the New Ethics Issues posed
by Complex Projects
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Thanks toYujin Asai
Jennifer Chu
Kevin Downing
Tom Faulhaber
Jay Forrester
Linda Garmon
Cordell Hull
Frank Iudiciani
Hasan-Uddin Khan
Richard Hantula
George Litwin
Benjamin Levy
Susan Lumenello
Yasmin McCarthy
David H. Marks
Fred Moavenzadeh
Nate Nickerson
Chanathip Pharino
Cherie Potts
Khalid Saeed