BUILDING RESILIENCE IN COMPLEX CRISIS(BRICC) BASELINE … · 2020. 8. 3. · BRICC Consortium...
Transcript of BUILDING RESILIENCE IN COMPLEX CRISIS(BRICC) BASELINE … · 2020. 8. 3. · BRICC Consortium...
BUILDING RESILIENCE IN COMPLEX CRISIS(BRICC) BASELINE REPORT MARCH 2020
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BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 2
Table of Contents
PROGRAM BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................. 3
Executive Summary 3
Research Methods 4
Research design and Rationale 4
Multi Phase Baseline Assessment 4
Research Approach 5
Study Population 5
Sampling Inclusion and Exclusion 6
Research tool, Techniques and Language 6
Participants Recruitment 7
Data Management, Analysis and Reporting 7
Presentation of Key findings 7
Conclusion 22
BRICC Logframe 28
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Program Background The European Union’s (EU) funded Building Resilience In Complex Crisis (BRICC) programme seek to build the absorptive and adaptive capacities of 26,875 households in Yobe state to be resilient to the shock and stresses of conflict, market disruptions, climate change and complex crisis. The programme will also transform the underlying casual dynamics to reduce the risks of future conflict by engaging communities and local leadership to create conditions to facilitate systemic change. Mercy Corps is leveraging its expertise in fostering resilience in complex environments both globally and in Northeast Nigeria, with its partners Cooperazione Internationale (COOPI) and the Danish Refugee Council (DRC)’s whose strong track record of relief and early recovery programs in Yobe state, will enable the consortium to rapidly start up and implement the BRICC program. BRICC’s ToC is IF communities most affected by conflict in Yobe state have improved social protection delivered through responsive, capable government, access to essential basic services and improved livelihood supported by robust markets, and IF key community leaders and government institutions manage resources, services and conflict peacefully and equitably while addressing drivers of participation of violence, THEN communities will achieve increasing well-being over time and experience the impacts of conflict less severely.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Building Resilience In Complex Crisis (BRICC) is a three years European Unioun(EU) funded program
that aims to build the resilience of 26,875 households in Yobe State, to increase their ability to cope
with the shocks and stresses of conflict, climate change and complex crisis, and transform the
underlying causal dynamics to reduce the risk of future occurrence. The Baseline employed the use of
multiple phased approach given the multiple sectorial scope of the Program using mixed method of
Qualitative and Quantitative Data Collection. The Baseline Household survey questionnaire was
administered to 423 respondents across the 6 LGAs of Damaturu, Potiskum, Gulani, Gujba, Geidam
and Yunusari 18years and above using a Simple Random Sampling. The survey focused on Socio-
Demographic Information, Disability, Diversification of Livelihoods, Social Cohesion, Resilience
capacities, Access to financial services, Essential market system functions.
Key Findings from the Baseline Survey: From the analysis, 48% were female and 52%were male with the highest representation in the age category of 35years and above. Using the Washington Group set of question, analysis shows that 17.4%(46.4%female and 53.6%Male) are disabled.
25.0%(32.1%Female and 67.8%Male) Household demonstrating resilience capacity on how prepared they were before the insurgency, they ability to cope with the shocks and stress and recovery from shocks and stress 33.1%(57%Female and 42.1%Male) reported increased diversity of goods and services availability in shops or local markets 20.9%(41.6%female and 58.3%Male) demonstrate improved savings and financial literacy by community members. 34.4%(15.8female and 18.6male) Small Holder Farmers demonstrating improved Technical skills in Climate-Sensitive Knowledge in farming techniques.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design and Rationale
It is central to understand the complexities and interconnectedness of multiple interventions that are aimed at building the resilience of conflict affected household thereby increasing their ability to cope with shocks and stresses. It is on the basis that the Consortium conducted an in-house program baseline that focused on key areas different component of the program. The Consortium conducted a baseline to inform benchmark on key sectors to include but not limited to; Social Protection, Conflict and Peace building, Financial Service linkages, Climate smart Agriculture and Youth entrepreneurship. The baseline survey built on the expanded knowledge generated from the following inception assessments and information was used to design and shape the survey questionnaire
Multiple Phased Baseline Assessment Conducted Conflict Sensitivity Assessment: This assessment identified conflict sensitive issues 1) Insurgent attacks on the communities remains a major conflict threat to peace and security in the communities, 2) High level of kidnapping in the communities, 3) Increased Sexual and gender-based violence, 4) Lack of trust between adults and youth in the communities, 5) Cultural and ideological difference remains a dividing line across communities and 6) Perceived injustice leading to more violence. Youth-Led Labour Market Assessment: the assessment was able to identify vocational training institutions and skills offered at each respective centers, identified information on vocational/skills training opportunities to include not limited to local artisan for placing apprentices, identified sectors with high potentials for job creation for youth and entrepreneurship opportunities and key capacities, constraints and incentives related to increase job creation and establish preference of youth in relation to their capacities and skills
Gender Assessment: The Gender assessment was able to identify key differences as it relates to women, men and youth and specifically, it focused on roles and responsibilities as it regards both gender, resource allocation, decision making during stresses and shocks and how time is used by different gender.
Financial Service Provider Mapping: The Financial Service Provider(FSP) Mapping was able to identify data that BRICC Program will leveraging on to understand the types and features of financial services and products that are tailored to the needs of the target participants and the delivery channels.
Value Chain Assessment: Some of the findings from the VCA Assessment include; 1) There are decrease in yield of cultivated crops as a result of decrease in rainfall, 2) Women are mostly limited to menial jobs in agricultural production process and most of their farming activity are within their Home (Home gardening), 3) Inadequate provision of equipment to aid mechanized farming activities while available privately owned equipment for hire are expensive.
In responding to the uprising need to build the capacities of communities to prevent and manage conflict related shocks and stresses in Yobe State, the program set of outcome indicators that will enable the accomplishment of their goal (BRICC- Build Resilience In Complex Crisis in Yobe States through absorptive, adaptive and Transformational capacities).
Research Approach
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The baseline assessment used a Quantitative design approach to gain understanding on baseline study objectives and this specifically used individual semi-structured survey format targeting households in programs targeted communities of BRICC programs and data collected will be used to plan and implement the program effectively. The baseline assessment focused on obtaining information on; Socio-Demographic Information, Disability, Diversification of Livelihoods, Social Cohesion, Resilience capacities, Access to financial services, Essential market system functions. . A random sample size of 423 drawn from a randomly selected interview respondent(Population) 1,145,800 within the selected enumeration areas targeted for program implementation. A pre-test of the research tools was conducted in a community outside implementation sites that had similar characteristics and target audience for the BRICC Program. Study Population The state is dominated by the Kanuri, Hausa and Fulani and other smaller ethnic groups such as Karekare, Barbur. Yobe State consists of seventeen (17) Local Government Areas(LGAs) grouped into three Senatorial Districts with an estimated population of 3,294, 100 from the 2016 projected population. In addition, there are 14 emirate Councils, which advise the local governments on cultural and traditional matters. The baseline assessment was carried out in six(6) Local Government Areas in Yobe State; Damaturu, Potiskum, Gulani, Gujba, Geidam and Yunusari, specifically targeting population between the age of 18 and above of female and male youth, women, men drawn from the selected communities within the LGAs. In order to get the sample size of the population for the baseline assessment the formula below was adopted using the Mercy Corps sample size calculator;
Z2 (p * (1 – p)) * r
n = def f
e2
Where;
n = sample size
deff = design effect, usual assumed to be 2.0
z – z-score of confidence level (usually 1.96 or 1.645 corresponding to 95% or 90% respectively)
p- Proportion of the population exhibiting characteristics of interest (determined from secondary data)
1-p – proportion of the population not exhibiting the character of interest
r – Non-response rate (generally set to 1.1 corresponding to 10% but may change with context)
e = margin of error (to be determined by survey design team, general rule of thumb is 0.10*p=e)
Below is the breakdown of interviews to be conducted across LGAs where the programme will be implemented.
LGA Total Population Sample Target/LGAs
Damaturu 124,500 46
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Potiskum 290700 107
Geidam 221,000 82
Yunusari 178,700 66
Gujba 184,000 68
Gulani 146,900 54
TOTAL 1,145,800 423
https://www.citypopulation.de/php/nigeria-admin.php?adm1id=nga036
Research tools, Techniques and Language The assessment survey questions were used and informed consent and confidentiality was sought from participants before commencement of data collection. The language used during data collection was the same as the major indigenous language research participants were comfortable speaking – Hausa, Kanuri and English. Where English language was preferred, questionaires were facilitated in English. Tool Pre-Test Before the commencement of fieldwork, a pilot/field testing of the quantitative survey tool was conducted amongst similar particiapants based on similarity to a location sampled for the baseline assessment.. This pilot was carried out in community outside BRICC implementation sites. The pilot was done to assess the understanding of the questions by research participants, the flow of the different questions and the time needed to administer the questionnaires. The tool pre-test provided the team opportunities to identify any contexual sensitivity and challenges that could arise during fieldwork in relation to appropriateness and usability of the instruments and addressed them accordingly.
Data Management, Analysis and Reporting All data was collected using Commcare and daily upload during data collection (with appropriate consent of participants). Quantative data was analysed with MS Excel using the analysis framework that was developed for the study. The data was collected using the mobile platform which hosted the data collection tool (commcare). The baseline qantitative quationnaire was uploaded to commcare and information collected later extracted to excel to provide further analysis.
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Presentation of Key Findings
Socio-Demographic Characteristics
Assessing the demographic characteristics of respondents to understand their needs, challenges or barriers to accessing services and products that will improve their resilience, the baseline considered a few options to include, not limited to; Gender, age, location, and ethnicity.
Table 1. Number and Percent of Respondent during Baseline Disaggregated by Sex and Age(n=439)
Age Group # of Female % of Female # of Male % of Male Total
18-19years 3 37.5% 5 62.5% 8
20-24years 13 59.1% 9 40.9% 22 25-34years 83 70.9% 34 29.1% 117
35+years 111 38.0% 181 62.0% 292 Total 210 47.8% 229 52.2% 439
Results from Table 1, show a total of 439 participants were administered for the Household survey of which 210(48%) were female and 229(52%) were male. 35+years had the highest representation of respondents 66.5%% (38.0%female and 62.0%Male) and 18-19years having the least representation of respondents 1.8%(0.7%female and 1.1%female)
Table 2. Percentage of Respondents Ethnicity by Location of the BRICC 6 LGAs
Ethnic Group Damaturu Geidam Gujba Gulani Potiskum Yunusari Grand Total
Bade 0.0% 1.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.9% 0.0% 0.5%
Bolewa 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.9% 1.5% 0.5%
Bura 0.0% 0.0% 1.6% 26.0% 0.0% 0.0% 4.6%
Fulani 6.4% 21.7% 32.3% 24.7% 12.1% 7.5% 17.5%
Hausa 19.1% 22.9% 14.5% 6.8% 13.1% 9.0% 14.1%
Kanuri 68.1% 54.2% 43.5% 11.0% 0.9% 82.1% 38.3%
Karai-karai 2.1% 0.0% 4.8% 4.1% 40.2% 0.0% 11.4%
Ngamo 0.0% 0.0% 1.6% 1.4% 2.8% 0.0% 1.1%
Others 2.1% 0.0% 0.0% 26.0% 29.0% 0.0% 11.6%
Shuwa 2.1% 0.0% 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.5%
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Results from Table 2 show percentage of respondent ethnicity by location of the Local Government Area of BRICC implementation. Data will help guide BRICC implementation in understanding the sociocultural sensitivity and tailoring of activities using the local languages as it cuts across geographical locations; 38.3% speak Kanuri however this varies across locations with the highest in Yunusari LGA 82.1% with the least 0.9% in Potiskum LGA.
Table 3. Disability Status of Respondent
Disability Domain female male Total
Vision impairment 26.2% 30.1% 28.2%
Hearing impairment 19.5% 17.5% 18.5%
Mobility impairment 23.8% 29.3% 26.7%
Cognitive impairment 5.7% 5.7% 5.7%
Self-Care impairment 16.2% 13.1% 14.6%
Communication impairment 10.0% 11.8% 10.9%
Indicator Value 46.4% 53.6% 17.4%
Results from Table 3. show that 17.4%(46.4%female and 53.6%Male) reported at least one form of disability using the Washington Group standards.
Disability as an umbral term refers to problems such as impairment, activity limitation or participation restriction that indicate the negative aspects of functioning. The Washington Group(WG) also agreed that measurement of disability is associated with variety of purposes which relates to different dimensions of disabilities or different conceptual components of disability models. The Washington Group Short Set on Functioning (WG-SS) as adopted by BRICC program baseline survey focused on six domains; vision impairment, Hearing impairment, Mobility impairment, Cognitive impairment, Self-care impairment and Communication impairment. From Table 3.1, 28.2% had vision impairment, 18.5% had hearing impairment, 26.7% had mobility impairment, 14.6% had self-care impairment and 10.9% had communication impairment. Understanding if the disability status of community functioning will help the BRICC Program better understand and respond to the risk that an individual may face and in turn, a better understanding of the overall risk, or risk profile, of the community. Also increasing age is associated with increasing prevalence of vision impairment in Northern Nigeria as 35+years accounted for 33.7%female and 27.9%male of the 28.2% vision impairment.
Impact 1: % of targeted population reporting diversified livelihoods
Table 4. % of Target Population reporting diversified Livelihoods
No No Total Yes Yes Total Grand Total
LGAs Female Male Female Male
Damaturu 12.8% 0.0% 12.8% 36.2% 51.1% 87.2% 100.0%
Geidam 25.3% 10.8% 36.1% 30.1% 33.7% 63.9% 100.0%
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Gujba 8.1% 8.1% 16.1% 40.3% 43.5% 83.9% 100.0%
Gulani 11.0% 4.1% 15.1% 31.5% 53.4% 84.9% 100.0%
Potiskum 17.8% 3.7% 21.5% 29.0% 49.5% 78.5% 100.0%
Yunusari 6.0% 9.0% 14.9% 38.8% 46.3% 85.1% 100.0%
Grand Total 14.4% 6.2% 20.5% 33.5% 46.0% 79.5% 100.0%
Results from Table 4 show that 79.5%(33.4%Female and 46%Male) reported diversification in livelihoods. Rural livelihoods diversification has generally occurred as a result of an increased importance of off-farm labor in Households livelihood or through the development of new forms of on-farm/on-site production of non-conventional marketable commodities. Regards to livelihoods it is worthy to mention that gender plays a major role in diversification as seen in Damaturu LGA of the 79.5%, 87.2%(36.2%Female and 51.1%Male) are involved in diversification and due to sociocultural issues in urban settlement. Also in Gujba 83.9% shows diversification of livelihoods with nearly equal proportion of Female and Male (40.3%Female and 43.5%Male) and this resonate with the Gender assessment findings. To assess the resilience strategy of communities by which Households respond to shocks and stress using diversification activities and social support capabilities in order to survive and improve their standards of living, respondents reported diversification in Livestock rearing 25.1%, Crop farming 24.1%, food processing, Tailoring, Automobile ranked among the activities they engage for diversification. Building resilience seems a common reaction to mounting humanitarian needs in communities where much crisis was created, not by short-term emergencies that swiftly pass, but by long-term stress. Diversification of livelihoods and resilience building such as climate smart agriculture, access to financial services and youth empowerment seems the obvious answer when emergency response is often used to reach crises which were predicted and preventable, and where it is increasingly hard to make a sensible distinction between reoccurring and acute problems.
Impact 2: % of targeted population reporting greater social cohesion in their communities
Table 5. Social Cohesion
In regards to someone from your religion or ethnic group will you feel comfortable if
Female Male Total
Inter Marriage among religion/ethnic group 63.3% 69.9% 66.7%
In regards with someone from your religion/ethnic group will you feel comfortable
if they work in your farm
83.3% 83.8% 83.6%
Comfortable paying them watch over livestock 81.9% 86.9% 84.5%
Sharing same water point 83.8% 87.3% 85.6%
Trading goods 84.3% 86.9% 85.6%
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lending money 85.2% 83.0% 84.1%
Invite each other for naming ceremony 81.4% 87.8% 84.7%
Invite for Eid or Christmas/social event 76.2% 82.5% 79.5%
sharing public facility 85.2% 88.2% 86.8%
children playing together 85.2% 90.0% 87.7%
Indicator value 81.0% 84.6% 82.8%
Results from Table 5 show that 82.8%(81.0%Female and 84.6%Male) social cohesion among groups in
the communities. The survey used series of questions to ascertain social cohesion in the community;
Marriages among religion and ethnic groups, working in farm by someone from other religion/ethnic
groups, watching over livestock by someone from other religion/ethnic group, sharing same water point
with other religion/ethnic group, trading of goods among religion/ethnic groups, lending money to
someone from other religion/ethnic groups, inviting others religion/ethnic group for ceremonies, inviting
others for Eid or Christmas or social event, sharing of public facilities, children from other religion/ethnic
group playing with each other. Of the 82.8%, 87%(85%Female and 90.0%Male) agreed for their children
to play together irrespective of the religious or ethnic difference and also 66.7%(63.3%Female and
69.9%Male) agreed to inter religious or ethnic group marriage among each other. As already identified
by the Conflict Sensitivity Assessment, there is need to build community cohesion within and across
communities through cultural festivities which will build more relationships and network and strengthening
interfaith relationship and also providing more access to socioeconomic activities in order to reduce the
vulnerabilities of the community members. Again, involving more women in religious and ethnic group
activities will not only build their resilience alone but also the larger community as their roles will not only
be to respond to religious related issues but also the sexual and gender based violence as they are more
affected during disaster.
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SO1. Vulnerable and conflict-affected communities secured their immediate recovery needs, improved
savings, and have improved access to basic health, WaSH, and nutrition services.
SO1.2: % of HH reached with resilience-building interventions demonstrating resilience capacities
SO1.4: % of female and male target participants reporting increased trust in government
Table 6. Household Resilience Capacity
Prepared for Shock and Stress
HH ability Cope with Shock and Stress
HH Ability to recover from Shock and Stress
Indicator value
LGAs female male Total female male Total female male Total Female Male Total
Damaturu 8.5% 21.3% 29.8% 8.5% 12.8% 21.3% 17.0% 25.5% 42.6% 36.3% 63.6% 13.3%
Geidam 2.4% 10.8% 13.3% 4.8% 12.0% 16.9% 4.8% 22.9% 27.7% 20.8% 79.1% 14.5%
Gujba 4.8% 19.4% 24.2% 6.5% 17.7% 24.2% 9.7% 21.0% 30.6% 26.5% 73.4% 14.8%
Gulani 9.6% 31.5% 41.1% 11.0% 28.8% 39.7% 8.2% 28.8% 37.0% 24.4% 75.5% 26.0%
Potiskum 6.5% 2.8% 9.3% 5.6% 2.8% 8.4% 5.6% 0.9% 6.5% 73.0% 26.9% 7.8%
Yunusari 14.9% 26.9% 41.8% 11.9% 25.4% 37.3% 13.4% 22.4% 35.8% 35.0% 64.9% 23.3%
Grand Total
7.5% 17.1% 24.6% 7.7% 15.5% 23.2% 8.9% 18.5% 27.3% 32.1% 67.8% 25.0%
This section illustrates how Households in the community prepare, cope and recovered to shock and stress within the community. Social networks and community cohesion, power and marginalization, and risk tolerance each played a key role in determining a household’s resilience. Results from Table 6 show the resilience capacities of Households with BRICC Program intervention. Overall, 25.0%(32.1%Female and 67.8%Male) demonstrated resilience capacities. Prepared for shock and Stress: 24.6%(7.5%female and 17.1%Male) responded they are prepared for shocks and stress with 9.3%(6.5%Female and 2.8%Male) least prepared and female being more prepared to shocks and stress as revealed by the data in Potiskum. Also 41.8%(14.9%female and 26.9%Male) in Yunusari said they are prepared for shocks and stress. Household ability to cope with shocks and stress: Overall, 23.2%(7.7%Female and 15.5%male) indicated their household has the ability to cope with shocks and stress and this indicator gender gap with ability to cope with shocks and stress as they are more vulnerable. By geographical location, Potiskum has the least ability- 8.4%(5.6%Female and 2.8%Male to cope with shocks and stress and in
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Gulani LGA Household has the ability to cope with shocks and stress even though the LGA is one of the most frequent attacked by AOGs Household Ability to recover from Shocks and Stresses: 27.3%(8.9Female and 18.5%Male) indicated they have the ability to recover from shocks and stress. Again Potiskum showing the least ability to recover from shocks and stress-6.5%(5.6%Female and 0.9%Male) and Damaturu LGA showing the highest ability to recover from shocks and stress-42.6%(17.0%Female and 25.5%Male). Conflict Sensitivity Assessment shows that in spite the shocks and stress being faced and the multifaceted conflict, community in one way or the other are able to cope and strive. As part of the coping strategy, a number of community members, youth are engaged in farming for commercial purpose and others are hired to farm for others. There is need to continuous multisector approach to address the root causes and drives of conflict. Activities that addresses the drivers of conflict will be taken into cognizance in order to ensure that activities are both conflict sensitive and help build household response abilities to conflict and other forms of shocks they face.
Figure 1. HH Coping Strategy to shocks and stress in the last 6months
Results from Figure 4 indicate respondents coping up strategy to shocks and stress in the last six months with 18% selling off their assets as a coping up strategy to shocks and stress, 14.6% depended on Non-Governmental Organization(NGOs) for support, 13.2% resorted to borrowing and trusting in God, 9.1% resorted to their livelihoods (animal and crops) and 8.7% starting using their savings to cope up with the shocks and stress.
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SO1.4: % of female and male participants reporting increased trust in government
Table 7. Community Members taking action to share concern with Govt' Officials.
LGAs no yes Don't know Grand Total
Damaturu 44.7% 53.2% 2.1% 100.0%
Geidam 51.8% 26.5% 21.7% 100.0%
Gujba 46.8% 33.9% 19.4% 100.0%
Gulani 49.5% 38.4% 12.3% 100.0%
Potiskum 64.5% 15.0% 20.6% 100.0%
Yunusari 28.4% 38.8% 32.8% 100.0%
Grand Total 49.4% 31.4% 19.1% 100.0%
From table 7, respondents were asked whether anyone they knew tried to take action to share concerns with Government officials in the last six months. Nearly one-third (31.4%) responded with yes and 49.4% responded that they never took any action to share concerns with Government officials and 19.1% respondents said they didn’t know. Sharing of concerns with Government Officials will being about the desired accountability of Government to these communities and their concerns will be used to address policies within the state and BRICC program through the Yobe State Government is building trust among communities of intervention
Table 8. Sharing of Concerns verbally or written to Govt' Officials
LGAs Don't know No Yes verbal Yes written Total
Damaturu 0.0% 0.0% 62.5% 37.5% 100.0%
Geidam 13.6% 9.1% 72.7% 4.5% 100.0%
Gujba 6.7% 0.0% 60.0% 33.3% 100.0%
Gulani 3.8% 0.0% 42.3% 53.8% 100.0%
Potiskum 13.3% 0.0% 53.3% 33.3% 100.0%
Yunusari 0.0% 0.0% 91.7% 8.3% 100.0%
Grand Total 5.9% 1.7% 64.4% 28.0% 100.0%
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Results from Table 8 show participants that responded yes in Table 7. The survey seeks to understand the method of sharing their concerns with the government officials and participants that were asked whether they were able to share their concerns to government verbally or written, of the 31.4% that responded that Government took actions, 64.4% responded Yes-Verbally sharing their concerns with Government officials and 28% said they shared their concerns with government in a written form. Other media through which concerns were shared included Town hall meetings, Political meetings, Women meetings, youth meetings and good governance committee. The BRICC Program through its activities will build the capacity of Stakeholders in Alternate Dispute Resolution in identifying conflict, how to resolve conflict and how to communicate with community members as well as the Government.
Figure 2. Target participants reporting Increased Trust in Government
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Trust in government has been identified as one of the most important foundations upon which the legitimacy and sustainability of political systems are built. Trust is essential for social cohesion and well-being as it affects governments’ ability to govern and enables them to act without having to resort to coercion. A high level of trust in government will increase the efficiency and effectiveness of government operations.
At a broad level, trust in government builds on two main components: Social trust, that represents citizens’ confidence in their social community; and political trust, when citizens appraise government and its institutions. Results from Figure 2 show that 25.4%(13.9%male and 14.4%female) have increased trust in government. Participants were asked questions around sharing concerns directly with government, media through which such concerns were shared with government, government understanding of community concerns and the level of confidence that government is committed to addressing their community needs.
SO2: Vulnerable and conflict-affected communities have restored and improved livelihoods that are
more resilient to conflict and ecological shocks and stress
SO2.1: % of male/female programme participants/vendors reporting increased diversity of
goods/services available in shops or local markets
Table 9. Market Availability in the Community
A market refers to a place where two parties can gather to facilitate the exchange of goods and services and in assessing the availability of market with communities of BRICC intervention, results from Table 9 show that 78.6% responded to having markets in their communities while 21.4% responded No to not having markets in their communities. Of the 21.4% that responded there are no markets in their communities, and reasons for these is highlighted in Figure 4 below as 60% said they never had markets, 27% said their markets were closed down, 12% said there are no markets due to conflicts and ,1% said
Trust in government represents
confidence of citizens in the actions of a
government to do what is right and
perceived fair
LGAs No Yes Grand Total
Damaturu 61.7% 38.3% 100.0%
Geidam 7.2% 92.8% 100.0%
Gujba 4.8% 95.2% 100.0%
Gulani 2.7% 97.3% 100.0%
Potiskum 27.1% 72.9% 100.0%
Yunusari 37.3% 62.7% 100.0%
Grand Total 21.4% 78.6% 100.0%
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their market was burnt down and also Yunusari LGA is among the most hit LGA by the insurgency and as could be deduced from Fig 6, 5.7% do not have market in their communities and this pose a challenge of where to sell their produce as diversification of livelihood tends to increase due to interventions. The BRICC Program through its activities will restore essential markets that will improve greater access for vulnerable population to market for quality inputs and services, and improve on-farm agricultural production.
Figure 4. Reasons for Unavailable Market
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Figure 5. Types of Goods Available in the Market
Results from Figure 5 show the varieties of commodities in the market, 84.5% were food commodities, 4.3%livestocks, 3.2% clothing and 2.3% building materials. Types of food that are mostly in demand in the market include cereals, vegetables, legumes and nuts, fish and seafood and this indicate that in the areas where the survey was conducted, Agriculture is the major Income Generating Activities and this create demand for building capacity of farmers on climate smart agriculture
Table 100. Availability of food that are mostly in demand
Participants were asked if the foods that are mostly in demand are regularly available in the market 88.7% responded Yes and 11.3% responded No. Of the 11.2% in Yunusari LGA, 45.2% said for the food that are mostly in demand, they are not regularly available in the market and this is partly associated with
Row Labels no yes Grand Total
Damaturu 22.2% 77.8% 100.0%
Geidam 6.4% 93.6% 100.0%
Gujba 5.0% 95.0% 100.0%
Gulani 11.3% 88.7% 100.0%
Potiskum 0.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Yunusari 45.2% 54.8% 100.0%
Grand Total 11.2% 88.8% 100.0%
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AOG attack with the region as farmers often transport their food to other location to sell. Again, all respondent in Potiskum LGA agreed to availability of food that are most in demand and this is partly attributed to the fact that the LGA boarded by other states that continuously flood the market with goods and services.
Table 11. % of male/female programme participants/vendors reporting increased diversity of goods/services available in shops or local markets
Diversification Domain Female Male Total
Types of food item changes in the last 6months 53.8% 35.8% 44.6%
Types of Nonfood items for sale changes in the last 6months 47.9% 33.0% 40.3%
Availability(Volume) changed in the last 6months 49.7% 35.2% 42.3%
Variety of goods in the market changed compared to the last 6months 47.3% 35.2% 41.2%
Indicator Value 57.8% 42.1% 33.1%
In assessing the diversification of goods and services in local markets, results from Table 9 indicate that 33.1%(57%Female and 42.1%Male) reported increased diversity of goods and services availability in shops or local markets. As shown in the Table 11, the role of female gender in diversification of goods and services, women are more involved in diversification of goods and services in local market compared to men which resonates with the findings from the Gender Assessment- women are more inclined to selling of agricultural products as opposed to farming as an Income Generation Activity(IGA)This diversification supports multiple businesses within the community and flexibility which implies that should a price of goods and services plummet, the vendors remain insulated and this resonates to ability of withstanding shocks and stress should they occur. Also when there is low demand of certain products within the communities, the vendor has that flexibility to meet the demand of the consumers and also boost their profitability. Therefore, targeting women for diversification of goods and services will be considered by the BRICC Program.
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BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 19
iO3: Women, youth, and adolescents have greater access to financial services
iO3.2: % of SLGs demonstrating increased financial literacy
Table 12. % of Savings and Loan Groups Demonstrating increased financial literacy
Do you have a group savings account
Damaturu Geidam Gujba Gulani Potiskum Yunusari Total
Female 27.7% 0.0% 3.2% 4.1% 2.8% 25.4% 8.7%
Male 0.0% 2.4% 11.3% 11.0% 12.1% 22.4% 10.3%
Total 27.7% 2.4% 14.5% 15.1% 15.0% 47.8% 18.9%
Do you have a saving account
Female 12.8% 1.2% 0.0% 0.0% 3.7% 6.0% 3.4%
Male 4.3% 3.6% 16.1% 11.0% 14.0% 22.4% 12.1%
Total 17.0% 4.8% 16.1% 11.0% 17.8% 28.4% 15.5%
Have you ever obtain a loan
Female 48.9% 3.6% 11.3% 8.2% 2.8% 29.9% 14.1%
Male 23.4% 4.8% 11.3% 17.8% 6.5% 31.3% 14.4%
Total 72.3% 8.4% 22.6% 26.0% 9.3% 61.2% 28.5%
Indicator Value
Female 76.3% 30.7% 27.2% 23.6% 22.2% 44.5% 41.6%
Male 23.6% 69.2% 72.7% 76.3% 77.7% 55.4% 58.3%
Total 19.9% 4.7% 11.9% 13.7% 16.3% 33.3% 20.9%
Overall, Table 12 demonstrate improved savings by community members, 20.95%(41.6%females and 58.3%Males) showed increased financial literacy. Saving accounts are basic types of bank accounts that allow an individual to deposit money, keep it safe and withdraw fund. Participants were assessed to know if they have group accounts with any financial institutions and 18.9%(8.7%females and 10.3%Males) of respondents said Yes they have saving accounts with financial institutions and 15.5%(3.4%females and 12.1%Males) said they have individual accounts with a financial institution, also, respondent were asked if they ever applied to obtain loan and 28.5%(14.1%Female and 14.4%Male) responded Yes they ever applied for loan. The essence of having a savings account supports a Poor Vulnerable Household in attaining financial freedom aside an emergency fund, and have access to credit and loans to support in starting a new business, expand already existing businesses. From the data above, it is worthy to note the gender disparity regarding account ownership with financial institutions and this is partly due to inability or difficulty in reaching women through the usual channels that target men in north east Nigeria, social norms constrain women’s demand for financial services and women having less access to technology. There are also gender gaps regarding access to financial service providers as shown in Geidam 4.7%(30.7%Female and 69.2%Male) and in Gujba LGA 11.9%(27.2%Female and 72.7%Male) which implies that female do not have access to financial services such as having individual/group accounts with financial service providers even though due to insurgency, banks within these LGAs were destroyed and they travel far distance to other LGAs to access financial products. The BRICC Program
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BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 20
through its activities will be ensure community members have access to financial services via Savings and Loan Groups, Linkages of these Groups to Financial Service Providers iO4: Essential market system functions restored and improved resulting in greater access for vulnerable populations to markets for quality inputs and services, and improved on-farm agricultural production
iO4.1: # of female and male farmers demonstrating increased technical skills and climate-sensitive knowledge in farming techniques.
Table 13. SHF Demonstrating improved Technical Skills in Climate-Sensitive knowledge in farming techniques
Modern Land preparation
Improved Seed Improved Storage device
Indicator Value
LGAs female male Total female male Total female male Total Female Male Total
Damaturu 2.1% 0.0% 2.1% 2.1% 27.7% 29.8% 6.4% 29.8% 36.2% 15.6% 84.3% 10.5%
Geidam 4.8% 14.5% 19.3% 15.7% 1.2% 16.9% 19.3% 3.6% 22.9% 67.3% 32.6% 16.1%
Gujba 6.5% 1.6% 8.1% 3.2% 3.2% 6.5% 21.0% 17.7% 38.7% 57.5% 42.4% 10.8%
Gulani 1.4% 5.5% 6.8% 0.0% 2.7% 2.7% 15.1% 13.7% 28.8% 42.8% 57.1% 9.2%
Potiskum 12.1% 17.8% 29.9% 9.3% 6.5% 15.9% 9.3% 19.6% 29.0% 41.2% 58.7% 26.4%
Yunusari 11.9% 20.9% 32.8% 1.5% 16.4% 17.9% 32.8% 37.3% 70.1% 38.2% 61.7% 26.7%
Grand Total
7.1% 11.4% 18.5% 6.2% 8.2% 14.4% 17.1% 19.1% 36.2% 43.8% 56.1% 23.0%
Analysis from Table 13 show that 23.0%(43.8%Female and 56.1%Male) demonstrated using improved farming techniques. The survey questions seek to understand modern land preparation techniques used by farmers, what types of seed they plant and if they ever used storage devices. 18.5%(7.1%Female and 11.4%Male) responded Yes they have used modern equipment in land preparation, 14.4%(6.2%Female and 8.2%Male) said they have ever used improved seeds in their farms and also 36.2%(17.1%Female and 19.1Male) reported ever using improved storage device. The findings also resonate with the Value Chain Assessment in which farmers reported ever using modern land preparation method such as the use of Ox-Ploughing, ever used farmers saved seeds and genetically modified seeds and the use of PIT bag from ADP Yobe state. The BRICC program through the agricultural component will train Agric Extension Workers and ADP staff on Climate Smart agriculture, crop rotation, application of integrated pest management will be cascaded to lead farmers and small holder farmers and creating linkages for farmers to have better access to tools and new technologies and farming practices that will enable them produce more with less to improve yield of crops and livestock.
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BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 21
Table 14. Use of Fertilizer, Pesticides, Post Harvest handing and Irrigation Farming Practices by SHF
no no Total yes yes Total Grand Total
LGAs female male female male
Damaturu 10.6% 2.1% 12.8% 38.3% 48.9% 87.2% 100.0%
Geidam 26.5% 31.3% 57.8% 28.9% 13.3% 42.2% 100.0%
Gujba 22.6% 11.3% 33.9% 25.8% 40.3% 66.1% 100.0%
Gulani 16.4% 9.6% 26.0% 26.0% 47.9% 74.0% 100.0%
Potiskum 33.6% 3.7% 37.4% 13.1% 49.5% 62.6% 100.0%
Yunusari 3.0% 0.0% 3.0% 41.8% 55.2% 97.0% 100.0%
Grand Total 20.7% 10.3% 31.0% 27.1% 41.9% 69.0% 100.0%
Ever used Pesticides in your farm
Damaturu 8.5% 8.5% 17.0% 40.4% 42.6% 83.0% 100.0%
Geidam 31.3% 34.9% 66.3% 24.1% 9.6% 33.7% 100.0%
Gujba 12.9% 9.7% 22.6% 35.5% 41.9% 77.4% 100.0%
Gulani 16.4% 12.3% 28.8% 26.0% 45.2% 71.2% 100.0%
Potiskum 37.4% 21.5% 58.9% 9.3% 31.8% 41.1% 100.0%
Yunusari 4.5% 0.0% 4.5% 40.3% 55.2% 95.5% 100.0%
Grand Total 21.2% 16.2% 37.4% 26.7% 36.0% 62.6% 100.0%
Practice Post Harvest Handling
Damaturu 36.2% 27.7% 63.8% 12.8% 23.4% 36.2% 100.0%
Geidam 33.7% 27.7% 61.4% 21.7% 16.9% 38.6% 100.0%
Gujba 25.8% 25.8% 51.6% 22.6% 25.8% 48.4% 100.0%
Gulani 27.4% 32.9% 60.3% 15.1% 24.7% 39.7% 100.0%
Potiskum 38.3% 35.5% 73.8% 8.4% 17.8% 26.2% 100.0%
Yunusari 14.9% 16.4% 31.3% 29.9% 38.8% 68.7% 100.0%
Grand Total 30.1% 28.5% 58.5% 17.8% 23.7% 41.5% 100.0%
Irrigation Farming Practice
Damaturu 40.4% 46.8% 87.2% 8.5% 4.3% 12.8% 100.0%
Geidam 37.3% 41.0% 78.3% 18.1% 3.6% 21.7% 100.0%
Gujba 43.5% 35.5% 79.0% 4.8% 16.1% 21.0% 100.0%
Gulani 38.4% 35.6% 74.0% 4.1% 21.9% 26.0% 100.0%
Potiskum 38.3% 16.8% 55.1% 8.4% 36.4% 44.9% 100.0%
Yunusari 31.3% 25.4% 56.7% 13.4% 29.9% 43.3% 100.0%
Grand Total 38.0% 31.7% 69.7% 9.8% 20.5% 30.3% 100.0%
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BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 22
Results from Table 14 show SHF use and application of fertilizers, Pesticides, Post-harvest handling and irrigation farming;. 69.0%(27.1%females and 41.9%males) responded ever using fertilizer on their farms with Potiskum and Yunusari LGAs using fertilizer during farming compared to other LGAs. 62%(26.7%females and 36%males) responded ever using pesticides on their farms with Yunusari and Gulani using more of the pesticides 14.6% and 11.8% respectively. 41.5%(17.8%females and 23.7%males) responded ever using post-harvest handling with high rate usage in Yunusari and Geidam 10.5% and 7.3% respectively. 30.3%(9.8%females and 20.5%males) responded practicing irrigation farming in their communities and more of the irrigation farming is observed in Potiskum LGA with 10.9% and this is associated with availability of water with the region and available of farming technologies as farmers improvise using water pump when the demand for an agricultural product is high.
Table 155. Planting methods used by SHF
Planting Methods Female Male Grand Total
Heap making 11.76% 88.24% 100.00%
Line planting 45.20% 54.80% 100.00%
others_specify 92.75% 7.25% 100.00%
Ploughing 30.10% 69.90% 100.00%
Grand Total 47.84% 52.16% 100.00% Various methods of planting are practices in crop farming by Small Holder farmers with the goal of producing large yields of seed with a high germination rate and with greater return on investment on his farm. Results from Table 14 show planting methods in BRICC Program location. 56.9%(25.7%-females and 31.2%-males) practice Line Planting method due to the access to cattle and this reduces the burden of labor and the use of donkeys and cattle for the purpose of farming on large land. 23.5%(7.1%-females and 16.4%-males) practice ploughing method and few practice Heap making 3.9%(0.5%-females and 3.4%-males) as the types of crops planted in the region are mostly cereals and few legumes as such the low number of heap making. CONCLUSION Based on the evidence from the analysis in sections above, it is clear that Households in the Six LGAs of intervention are facing some significant challenge as a result of exposure to conflict shocks in Yobe State and frequent attack by AOG resulting in loss of livelihoods and negative coping mechanism. Despite the effect of conflict on household well being, there are evidence of key characteristics that seems to make household more resilient to the effect of the conflict.
Below are key points to explain these dynamics;
People with Disability(PWD): Establishing a system that support social inclusion of PWD will be prioritize and these systems will realize the prosperous livelihoods in the communities of intervention. BRICC Program will also be working with PWD and as 17.4% of 26,875 of the program beneficiaries(participants) will be PWD and will be involved in the different component of the program and their capacities will be built to be able to withstand shocks and stresses as well as diversification of their livelihood.
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 23
Data has reveal that conflict in Yobe State remains multifaceted and needs a continuous multisector approach in addressing the root causes and drivers of conflict in the state. Since 25.0%(32.1Female and 67.8%Male) show resilience capacities, and also showing gender disparity, program activities will take into cognizance this difference and will be intentional in bridging the gap by involving more women in activities that will build their resilience such as preparedness to shocks and stress, coping strategies during shocks and stress and recovery strategies after a shocks and or stress.
Vulnerable and Conflict affected households having access to improved livelihoods that are more resilient to conflict and as already identified by the baseline that 33.1%(57%Female and 42.1%male) reported increase diversification of goods and services in local markets, the BRICC program will strengthen poor vulnerable household to have diversification to livelihoods such as on farm and off farm opportunities, creating access to inputs and training market information and also linking farmers to premium traders.
Access to financial literacy and product is limited in the areas of implementation of the BRICC program and as shown in the baseline 20.9%(41.6%Female and 58.3%Male) demonstrated improved savings and financial literacy due to AOG attack and destructions of microfinance institutions within these LGAs access to financial services is scarce as such the BRICC program will be creating or strengthening Saving and Loan Groups with communities using sharia compliant guide as this will bridge the gap of unavailability to microfinance institutions as community members will have access to take loans from the group to start, restart a business to diversify their livelihoods.
The BRICC Program through activities will restore essential markets within the six LGAs of intervention by negotiating a number of benefits for Small holder farmers such as access to inputs, and training on market information, higher prices of goods and services through bulk purchasing and since only 23.0% showed improved technical skills in climate smart agriculture it is imperative to build the capacity of small holder farmers in climate smart agriculture and post-harvest management.
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 24
Logframe matrix of the project
The logframe matrix should evolve during the project lifetime: new lines can be added for listing new activities as
well as new columns for intermediary targets (milestones) when it is relevant and values will be regularly updated in
the column foreseen for reporting purpose (see “current value”).
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 25
Results chain Indicators Baseline
(March2020)
Current value
Reference date(March
2020)
Targets
(incl. reference year)
Sources and
means of
verification
Assumptions
Y1 Y2 Y3
Overa
ll o
bje
cti
ve:
Im
pa
ct
Overall Objective: To support early
recovery from, and build resilience
to, conflict in affected and
vulnerable communities in Yobe
State.
% of targeted
population reporting
diversified livelihoods
% of targeted
population reporting
greater social
cohesion in their
communities
Total- 79.5%
Female-33.5%
Male -46%
Damaturu- 87.2%
Potiskum-78.5%
Gujba-83.9%
Gulani-84.9%
Geidam-63.9%
Yunusari-85.1%
Total- 82.8%
Female-81.0%
Male -84.6%
Damaturu-92.8%
Potiskum-97.3%
Gujba- 65.9%
Gulani- 68.9%
Geidam- 85.4%
Yunusari- 94.9%
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
30% by
end of
programm
e (2022)
10% by
end of
programm
e (2022)
Baseline,
Midterm, and
Endline
Assessments
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 26
Sp
ecif
ic o
bje
cti
ve(s
):
Ou
tco
me(s
)
SO1: Vulnerable and conflict-
affected communities secure their
immediate recovery needs, improve
savings, and have improved access
to basic health, WaSH, and nutrition
services.
% and # of female
and male target
participants reporting
a shift in most urgent
needs from basic
survival to recovery
% of HH reached with
resilience-building
interventions
demonstrating
resilience capacities
% and # of
communities
successfully
implementing
community resilience
plans to respond to
shocks or stresses
TBD
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Data will be
collected in Year
2 from program
participants
Total- 25.0%
Female-32.1%
Male -67.8%
Damaturu-13.3%
Potiskum-7.8%
Gujba- 14.8%
Gulani-26.0%
Geidam- 14.5%
Yunusari-23.3%
N/A
Total 93%(28)
Damaturu-5
Potiskum-5
Gujba-5
Gulani-5
Geidam-4
Yunusari-4
N/A
30
N/A
80% by
end of
programm
e (2022)
To be
determine
d following
start up
assessme
nt
70% by
end of
programm
e (2022)
Baseline,
Midterm and
Endline
Assessments
STRESS
community risk
and resource
mapping/assess
ment
Community
Action Planning
tools
The security situation in Yobe will remain relatively stable
Ongoing positive relationships with key actors in target communities will be maintained, allowing sufficient access to implement the programme
There will be no major environmental or ecological disasters (e.g., drought or flooding) requiring significant humanitarian intervention
Local government officials and other local leaders (traditional, community, and religious) will be supportive of the programme and cooperate with its activities throughout the implementation period, and agree to maintain completed projects
Sensitization sessions enable beneficiaries to gain the knowledge to successfully participate in programming
Community
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BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 27
SO2: Vulnerable and conflict-
affected communities have restored
and improved livelihoods that are
more resilient to conflict and
ecological shocks and stresses
% of female and male
target participants
reporting increased
trust in government
% of male/female
programme
participants/vendors
reporting increased
diversity of
goods/services
available in shops or
local markets
% of targeted
population with
sustained conflict
resilient livelihoods
Total- 25.4%
Female-11.4%
Male –13.9%
Damaturu- 27.4%
Potiskum-23.1%
Gujba- 27.2%
Gulani-20.8%
Geidam- 27.3%
Yunusari- 26.7%
Total- 33.1%
Female-57.8%
Male –42.1%
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
TBD
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
To be
determine
d following
start up
assessme
nt
75% by
programm
e end
(2022)
60% by
end of
programm
e (2022)
Satisfaction and
behaviour
change survey
Market
assessment
report, Post
distribution
monitoring
(PDMs)
Post-Distribution
Monitoring
survey 3-6
months after
members are willing to conduct dialogues across lines of division
Livelihood grants and training are applied by identified beneficiaries on resilient livelihood activities
Market conditions will be favourable enough to accommodate new small businesses or employment (formal or informal)
Skilled vocational trainers are available in operating areas
Sensitization activities of gatekeepers allows adolescents to participate in programming.
Livelihood grants are used by identified beneficiaries on an income generating activity
The Covid-19 pandemic will subside fast enough and allow normal resumption of program activities
Communities will accept to incorporate hygiene messaging,
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 28
# and % of men and
women, and
adolescent girls and
boys who display
improved savings
behaviour
# of female and male
program participants
who have restarted/
recovered livelihood
activities on a regular
basis
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
This indicator will
be measured
beneficiary record
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Data will be
reported when
beneficiaries have
been enrolled
N/A
N/A
9
N/A
N/A
2000(67%
)individual
s
TBD after
Baseline
grant
disbursements
Baseline,
Midterm and
Endline
Assessments
Post Distribution
Monitoring
sensitization and social distancing in all our interventions in response to Covid-19
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BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 29
iO1: Vulnerable households can
meet their basic needs and Yobe
State has increased capacity to
deliver a social safety nets
programme
iO2: Strengthened community
resilience including improved
community conflict resolution
capacity.
Total amount (EUR)
of cash transferred to
beneficiaries (50% to
female beneficiaries)
Average HH Score on
the Coping Strategies
Index (CSI)
% of government
officials reporting
increased knowledge
of community
engagement
mechanisms
% of participants who
feel that their
community manages
resources peacefully
N/A
TBD
Total-
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Total-
Female-0
Male -0
N/A
EUR
3,100,
792
TBD
after
baseli
ne
90% by
end of
programm
e (2022)
BV+15%
by end of
programm
e (2022)
Cash
disbursement
records, Finance
grants report
Beneficiary
registration
assessment
MEB
disbursement
Pre-post
evaluation of
government
officials/ Focus
Group
Discussions
Midterm and
Endline
Assessments
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 30
# of attempts to
resolve disputes by
programme
participants
# of community
resilience groups
established and
implementing their
community resilience
plans
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
TBD
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Data will be
reported in Year 2
when CRG starts
dispute resolution
N/A
Total- 30
Damaturu-6
Potiskum-5
Gujba-5
Gulani-5
Geidam-4
Yunusari-5
N/A
300
30
200 by
end of
programm
e (2022)
500 by
end of
Program
30 (at
least three
per
community
)
Dispute
resolution
Database
Community
Action Plan by
CRGs
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 31
# of youth and others
(male, female) who
participate in multi-
party dialogue
activities
# of community
economic assets
restored
% of community
leaders who report
that it is valuable for
youth to access
opportunity and
reduce exposure to
violence
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Type of Assets
restored
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
1235
90
1235
BV+30%
by end of
programm
e (2022)
Programme
event reports, list
of dialogue
participants
Photos and
videos
Programme
reports and
attendance logs
Baseline,
Midterm and
Endline
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BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 32
iO3: Women, youth, and
adolescents have greater access to
financial services
% of community
members reporting
trust across lines of
division
# and % of SLGs
linked to formal
financial institutions
% of SLGs
demonstrating
increased financial
literacy
# of women, men,
female and male
youth using financial
services
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Total- 20.9%
Female-41.6%
Male -58.3%
Damaturu-19.9%
Potiskum-16.3%
Gujba-11.9%
Gulani-13.7%
Geidam- 4.7%
Yunusari-33.3%
TBD
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Data will be reported
when SLGs commence
BV+15%
248 and
67% by
end of
programm
e (2022)
60% by
end of
programm
e (2022)
5321 by
end of
programm
e (2022)
Baseline,
Midterm and
Endline
Assessments
Records from
financial service
provider
institutes
Baseline,
Midterm and
Endline
Assessments,
pre-post test
assessment of
literacy levels
Records from
financial service
providers and
Programme
reports
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BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 33
iO4: Essential market system
functions restored and improved
resulting in greater access for
vulnerable populations to markets
for quality inputs and services, and
improved on-farm agricultural
production
# of new financial
products created for
vulnerable
households
# of female and male
farmers
demonstrating
increased technical
skills and
climate-sensitive
knowledge in farming
techniques.
% of farmers and
others who have
applied improved
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Data will be
reported when
SLGs commence
Total- 23.0%
Female-43.8%
Male -56.1%
Damaturu-10.5%
Potiskum-26.4%
Gujba-10.8%
Gulani-9.2%
Geidam-16.1%
Yunusari-26.7%
Total-0
Female-0
Male -0
2 by end
of
programm
e (2022)
80% by
end of
programm
e (2022)
70% by
end of
Financial product
Brochures,
Programme
reports
Baseline,
Midterm and
Endline
Assessments,
Annual farmer
survey
Baseline,
Midterm and
Endline
Assessments,
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 34
iO5: Increased access for youth to
diverse income sources from off-
farm employment
technologies or
management
practices
%of people
implementing risk-
reducing practices
# and % of female
and male youth who
secure employment or
establish businesses
as a result of their
vocational training
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Data will be
reported when
SHF are engaged
Total-0
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Data will be
reported when
SHF are engaged
Total-0
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Type of financial
products
Data will be reported
when SLGs commence
programm
e (2022)
60% by
end of
programm
e (2022)
2470 by
end of
programm
e (2022)
Annual farmer
survey
Baseline,
Midterm and
Endline
Assessments,
Annual farmer
survey
Programme
reports,
attendance
records,
Post Distribution
Monitoring
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 35
# of small businesses
that have been
started, restarted or
expanded by youth
(% of small
businesses run by
women)
% of youth
participants reporting
improved access to
economic opportunity
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Data will be
reported when
Youth have been
engaged in Year 2
Types of Business
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Data will be
reported when
Youth have been
engaged in Year 2
Total-0
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Data will be
reported when
Youth have been
engaged in Year 2
2470 by
end of
programm
e (2022)
75% by
end of
programm
e (2022)
Programme
reports, transfer
logs, Post
Distribution
Monitoring
Baseline,
Midterm and
Endline
Assessments
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 36
% of youth
participants reporting
decreased support for
violence
Total-0
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Data will be
reported when
Youth have been
engaged in Year 2
BV+20%
by end of
programm
e (2022)
Baseline,
Midterm and
Endline
Assessments
Ou
tpu
ts
Op 1.1: 26,875 vulnerable
households receive unconditional
cash transfers to meet basic needs
Op 1.2: Mapping and linkages
between safety net service
stakeholders
# of HH receiving
grants
# of joint assessments
conducted
Total-440
Female-173
Male -267
Damaturu-0
Potiskum-0
Gujba-440
Gulani-0
Geidam-0
Yunusari-0
5
Conflict Assessment,
Gender Assessment
Youth Led Labor
Market Assessment
Value Chain
Asssessment
Baseline Assessment
0
1
26,875
Beneficiary
distribution list
Joint
Assessment
reports
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 37
Op1.3: Government provided with
ongoing technical capacity
strengthening
Op1.4: Government supported in
the design and rollout of safety net
pilots per geographic requirements
Op 2.1: 30 Community resilience
groups established, with diverse
representation, to develop
community resilience plans and
conflict prevention forums
Op 2.2: 90 community economic
assets created or restored, in line
with priorities of community
resilience groups
# of government
beneficiaries trained
# of cash modalities
piloted
# of CRGs
established
# of community
assets rehabilitated/
restored
44
Damaturu-31
Potiskum-8
Gujba-2
Gulani-1
Geidam-1
Yunusari-1
1
30
Damaturu-6
Potiskum-5
Gujba-5
Gulani-5
Geidam-5
Yunusari-4
0
Damaturu-0
Potiskum-0
Gujba-0
Gulani-0
Geidam-0
Yunusari-0
0
30
90
Attendance list
of government
participants
Strategy of cash
distribution
modality
Profiles of CRGs
and community
resilience action
plans
Photos and
videos of assets
rehabilitated/rest
ored
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 38
Op 2.3: Rehabilitation/
construction of 30 water access
points in markets, schools, and/or
health facilities
Op2.4: Negotiation/mediation
training for 600 community leaders,
women, local government officials,
and youth
Op2.5: 180 Multi-stakeholder
dialogue sessions build connections
between community groups, LGA
officials, and State officials for
greater co-management of
grievances and greater trust
Op3.1: 823 women, 823 male, 413
male and 413 female youth (aged
18 to 24) form 248 informal savings
and credit groups
# of water access
points rehabilitated/
constructed
# community leaders
trained (% women, %
youth, % government
officials)
# of Multi-stakeholder
dialogues completed
# of beneficiaries
joining SLGs
TBD
0
0
Total-532
Female-187
Male-345
Damaturu- 80
Potiskum-143
Gujba-
Gulani-81
Geidam-129
Yunusari-99
Damaturu-0
Potiskum-0
Gujba-0
Gulani-0
Geidam-0
Yunusari-0
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
0
300
0
0
30
300
90
2472
90
0
Photos and
videos of water
access points
rehabilitated/con
structed
Attendance list
of participants
for training
program
Event reports
from dialogue
sessions
Beneficiary list,
list of SLGs and
their members
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 39
Op3.2: 248 informal savings groups
linked to formal financial institutions
Op4.1: 248 Farmer and livestock
associations created or
strengthened
# of SLGs formed
# of SLGs registered
with formal financial
institutions
# of farmer/livestock
associations created
or strengthened
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Total-0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Total- 222
Damaturu-59
Potiskum-58
Gujba-0
Gulani-23
Geidam-41
Yunusari-41
0
0
248
0
248
0
248
Records from
financial
institutions
Beneficiary list
and list of
farmer/ livestock
associations
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 40
Op4.2: 5,321 male and female
farmers have skills in climate-
resilient agricultural techniques and
effective post-harvest storage
Op4.3: 1,680 male and female
farmers have greater access to
improved seeds and other high-
quality inputs via cash-based
subsidies to associations and/or
individual vouchers
# of famers trained
# of ADP extension
workers receiving ToT
# receiving conditional
cash grants or
subsidies
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-0
Potiskum-0
Gujba-0
Gulani-0
Geidam-0
Yunusari-0
Total-61
Female-5
Male -56
Damaturu-19
Potiskum-10
Gujba-5
Gulani-10
Geidam-8
Yunusari-9
Total-0
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-0
Potiskum-0
Gujba-0
Gulani-0
Geidam-0
Yunusari-0
0
0
5321
1680
0
Attendance list
Pre-post
evaluation test
Distribution list of
cash recipient
beneficiaries;
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 41
Op4.4: Premium priced traders are
linked to 75 farmers associations
Op4.5: 248 Farmers associations
linked with improved seed and input
suppliers
Op5.1: 1,235 male and 1,235
female youth have access to basic
entrepreneurship training and small
cash-grants for small business
development
# of premium traders
linked with farmers
associations
# of associations
identified as ‘mature’
# of associations with
formal arrangements
with input suppliers
# youth receiving
entrepreneurship
training
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
0
0
0
75
248
2470
Lis/profiles of the
traders and
associations
Agreement/ MoU
between farmer
associations and
suppliers
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 42
Op5.2: 2,660 male and 2,660
female youth receive skills-training
for in-demand sectors and/or are
referred to market-aligned
vocational training programmes
# of youth receiving
cash grants
# of youth receiving
vocational training
# of vocational
training centres
receiving business
support
Yunusari-
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Female-0
Male -0
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari-
Damaturu-
Potiskum-
Gujba-
Gulani-
Geidam-
Yunusari
0
0
2470
5321
Training
attendants list of
youth attending
entrepreneurship
training, Cash
grants
disbursement list
List/profiles of
vocational
training centres
receiving
business support
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 43
Acti
vit
ies
Activity 1.1 CRGs formed and selection
criteria identified
Activity 1.2 Support local authorities and
CRGs to establish selection criteria,
identify, and register vulnerable individuals
for cash-transfers
Activity 1.3 Identify cash transfer modalities
in Yobe State, including financial
institutions and mobile money operators, in
coordination with State and local
authorities, and conduct transfer pilots
Activity 1.4 Vulnerable households receive
unconditional cash transfers to meet basic
needs
Activity 1.5 Government provided with
ongoing technical capacity strengthening
Activity 2.1. CRGs conduct facilitated
participatory resource and conflict
mappings of their communities
Activity 2.2. CRGs develop Community
Resilience Plans that meet both the
immediate needs of communities and
address the underlying drivers of tensions
or disputes
Activity 2.3. CRGs receive dispute
resolution techniques training, including in
multi-party, interest-based negotiation and
facilitated joint brainstorming
Means:
Lead and co-applicant implementation and support teams located in target areas of implementation and communities
Staff with technical expertise in the application of climate smart technologies, rural livelihoods, access to finance, youth, vocational training, business development and conflict mitigation.
Offices, including their operational costs
Vehicles, including their operational costs
Programme baseline, midline and endline assessments
Visibility + IEC materials
Factors outside
project management's
control that may
impact on the output-
outcome linkage.
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 44
Activity 2.4. CRGs convene forums to invite
community members to prioritize and select
community rehabilitation projects
Activity 2.5 Implement community
rehabilitation projects
Activity 2.6. Rehabilitation/ construction of
water access points in markets, schools,
and/or health centers.
Activity 2.7. Capactiy building training for
CRG members and local authorities
regarding monitoring and evaluation of
community rehabilitation projects
Activity 2.8. Select men, women, male
youth, and female youth who are best
positioned to resolve disputes in their
communities
Activity 2.9. Coordinate workshops to train
community leaders in conflict analysis,
negotiation, and mediation
Activity 2.10. Multi-stakeholder dialogue
sessions build connections and trust
between community groups, LGA, and
State officials
Activity 3.1. Identify existing community
groups for SLG intervention
Activity 3.2. Conduct SLG and financial
literacy training for SLGs
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 45
Activity 3.3. Identify financial institutions
with group or coorperative savings and loan
products
Activity 3.4. Facilitate linkages between
SLGs and financial institutions through
subsidized savings kits
Activity 4.1. Identify farmer and livestock
associations/cooperatives for
strengthening; create new
associations/cooperatives where feasible
Activity 4.2. Adapt Resilience Design in
Smallholder Farming Systems to Yobe
State
Activity 4.3. Facilitate training-of-trainer
modules for Yobe State Agricultural
Development Program extension services
on RD in Smallholder Farming Systems
and dispute resolution
Activity 4.4. With Yobe State Ministry of
Agriculture, develop knowledge
dissemination plan, including through radio
and community informaiton dissemination
mechanisms
Activity 4.5. Identify improved seed vendors
in target LGAs
Activity 4.6. Facilitate conditional cash
tranfer or subsidy for purchase of improved
seed products
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 46
Activity 4.7. Premium-priced traders are
linked to mature associations
Activity 4.8. Provide business support
services and facilitate business linkages for
improved seed suppliers to increase ease
of access and availability of improved
seeds for smallholder farmers
Activity 5.1. Develop youth
entrepreneurship and vocational training
selection criteria in coordination with
YESSO and CRGs
Activity 5.2. Conduct training-of-trainer
modules in entrepreneurship and life skills
in existing Yobe State vocational
institutions and to local partners
Activity 5.3. Facilitate transfer of small-
business cash grants to selected youth
beneficiaries
Activity 5.4. Provide capacity building and
technical support to vocational institutions
on market-driven skills for youth
Activity 5.5. Facilitate vocational training
education for youth
The Coordinator may unilaterally amend the activities, outputs, all the indicators and the related targets,
baselines and sources of verification described in this logical framework in accordance with Article 9.4
of the General Conditions. Any change must be explained in the reports, whenever possible
anticipatively. In case of doubt it is recommended to check beforehand with the Contracting Authority
that the proposed modifications do not impact the basic purpose of the action.
Although it is allowed to have more than one specific objective, essentially in complex programmes, it is
a good practice to determine only one specific objective/(main) outcome. When necessary,
intermediary outcomes with their related (outcome) indicators my figure in the line of the outputs: the
sequence of abbreviations in this case should be: Oc (main outcome); iOc1 (intermediary outcome 1)
iOc2, (…); Op1.1. (output related to intermediary outcome 1), Op 1.2, Op 2.1., Op2.2. (…).
Definitions:
“Impact” means the primary and secondary, long term effects produced by the Action.
“Outcome” means the likely or achieved short-term and medium-term effects of an Action’s outputs.
“Output” means the products, capital goods and services which result from an Action’s activities.
“Indicator” is the quantitative and/or qualitative factor or variable that provides a simple and reliable
means to measure the achievement of the Results of an Action.
“Baseline” means the starting point or current value of the indicators.
“Target” (or results Goal) means the quantitatively or qualitatively measurable level of expected output,
outcome or impact of an Action.
A “logical framework matrix” (or “logframe matrix”) is a matrix in which results, assumptions, indicators,
targets, baselines, and sources of verification related to an action are presented.
The intervention logic tells how, in a given context, the activities will lead to the outputs, the outputs to
the outcome(s) and the outcome(s) to the expected impact. The most significant assumptions
developed in this thinking process are to be included in the logframe matrix.
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 48
CONTACT
AGBENYI Andrew Ameh
Senior MEL Officer | Building Resilience In Complex
Crisis Program
Okuttu David
Country MEL Manager
Demere Woldeyes
Program Director| Building Resilience In Complex
Crisis Program
About Mercy Corps
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powered by the belief that a better world is possible.
In disaster, in hardship, in more than 40 countries
around the world, we partner to put bold solutions into
action — helping people triumph over adversity and
build stronger communities from within.
Now, and for the future.
45 SW Ankeny Street
Portland, Oregon 97204
Funded by the European Union
BRICC Consortium Baseline Report 49
888.842.0842
mercycorps.org