Building Partnerships in Environmental Management for the Seas of East Asia: A Framework for...
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Building Partnerships in Environmental Management for the Seas of East Asia: A Framework for Regional Cooperation
PRESENTER: Chua Thia-Eng, Regional Programme DirectorPartnerships in Environmental Management
CONFERENCE: International Waters Workshop - A CEO DialogueJointly Organized by GEF and WFEO/FIDIC
LOCATION: Washington, DC, USADATE: June 7-8, 2001CONTACT: IW:LEARN 4211 N. Fairfax Dr.
Arlington, VA 22207 USATel: +703-522-2190Fax: [email protected]
Building Partnerships in Environmental Managementfor the Seas of East Asia: A Framework for
Regional Cooperation
Chua Thia-Eng
The East Asian Seas
Coastline: 234,000 km
Coastline: 234,000 km
Sea area: 7 million km2
Sea area: 7 million km2
Total population: 1.9 billion
Total population: 1.9 billion
Coastal population: 522 million
Coastal population: 522 million
213 million are poor in China; 65 million in the rest of EAS
213 million are poor in China; 65 million in the rest of EAS
Uses of the EAS:• food supply• livelihood• medicine• energy• minerals• transport• recreation
Uses of the EAS:• food supply• livelihood• medicine• energy• minerals• transport• recreation
PEMSEA - multi-country, multi-sector collaboration and partnerships
shared vision strategy program of actions
ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGYfor the Seas of East Asia
INITIAL DRAFTas of 25 May 2001.
Do not cite.
A Strategic Approach to Achieving Shared Vision
Values• Ecological
• Aesthetic
• Historical and cultural
• Recreation
• Development
Threats• Habitat conversion
• Over-exploitation
• Land-based pollution sources
• Oil and chemical pollution
• Destructive fishing practices
• Invasive species
• Sea level rise
• Climate change
• Resource use conflicts
• Uncontrolled development
• Erosion/Siltation and sedimentation
• Trade in endangered species
Shared Vision
Sustain
Preserve
Protect
Develop
Implement
Communicate
Strategies
Action Programs
Action Programs
Action Programs
Action Programs
Action Programs
Action Programs
Action Programs
Ensure Sustainable use of coastal and marine resources.
The East Asian countries shall:
STRATEGIC ACTION STATEMENTSTRATEGIC ACTION STATEMENT
Preserve species and areas of the coastal and marine environment that are pristine or are of ecological, social or cultural significance.
Protect ecosystems, human health and society from risks occurring as a consequence of human activities.
Develop economic activities in the coastal and marine environment that contribute to economic prosperity and social well-being while safeguarding ecological values.
Implement international instruments relevant to management of the coastal and marine environment.
Communicate with stakeholders to raise public awareness, strengthen multisectoral participation and obtain scientific support for the sustainable development of the coastal and marine environment.
The environment of the Seas of East Asia should be managed to ensure preservation of the ecosystems and the well-being and dignity of the people of the region.
The right to development must be fulfilled so as to equitably meet development and environmental needs of present and future generations. (Agenda 21, Principle 3)
Management of coastal and marine resources and the activities affecting them should respect natural processes and systems.
Beneficial uses of the resources shall be encouraged and adverse uses avoided or minimized.
Basic linkages between sustainable management of coastal and marine resources, poverty alleviation, and protection of the marine environment should be recognized (APEC Action Plan)
General PrinciplesGeneral PrinciplesENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY FOR THE SEAS OF EAST ASIA
The rights of all sectors of society shall be respected and the role of civil society recognized.
The precautionary approach shall be widely applied. Where there are threats of serious irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation. (Principle 15, Agenda 21)
Activities within one State should not cause damage by pollution to other States and their environment. (UNCLOS, Art. 194(2))
The interrelationship between conservation and socioeconomic development implies both that conservation is necessary to ensure sustainability of development, and that socioeconomic development is necessary for the achievement of conservation on a lasting basis. (ASEAN Agreement on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, 1985)
General PrinciplesGeneral PrinciplesENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY FOR THE SEAS OF EAST ASIA
Supporting Implementation
1. Enabling local governments to effectively manage coastal and marine environment and their natural resources;
2. Promoting cross boundary, multi-sector, multi-agency cooperation in managing subregional sea areas and marine pollution hotspots;
3. Developing management related methodologies, techniques, working models, and standards to strengthen practical efforts in the field;
4. Providing policy support and scientific advise to the decision-makers;
Supporting Implementation
5. Identifying and demonstrating the synergies and linkages between related international environmental instruments and facilitating their integrated implementation;
6. Creating environmental investment opportunities and integrating environment investment as an integral part of economic development programmes;
7. Strengthening communication amongst stakeholders, partners and the general public
Supporting Implementation 1
Enabling local governments to effectively manage coastaland marine environment and their natural resources
Enabling local governments to effectively manage coastaland marine environment and their natural resources
Capacity Building Internships Regional Task Force Demonstration Sites
ICM Demonstration and Parallel Sites ICM Demonstration and Parallel Sites
Integrated Coastal Management
Supporting Implementation 2
Promoting cross boundary,multi-sector, multi-agencycooperation in managing subregional sea areasand marine pollution hotspots
Promoting cross boundary,multi-sector, multi-agencycooperation in managing subregional sea areasand marine pollution hotspots
Institutional Arrangements
Risk Assessment
ResponseCompensation/
Restoration
Capacity Building
Environmental Monitoring
Bohai SeaBohai Sea
Manila BayManila Bay
Gulf ofThailandGulf ofThailand
Malacca StraitsMalacca Straits
Marine Pollution Hot Spots
Marine Pollution Hot Spots
Supporting Implementation 3
Developing management related methodologies,techniques,working models, and standards to strengthen practicalefforts in the field
Developing management related methodologies,techniques,working models, and standards to strengthen practicalefforts in the field
Risk assessment/Risk management
Integrated Coastal Management Integrated Information Management System (IIMS) Sea Use Zoning Schemes Public-Private Sector Partnerships Marine Electronic Highway (MEH)
ISO 14001 for Local Government
IIMS Products
EnvironmentalDatabase
IIMS central node
IIMS ICM/hot spot nodes
Remote sensing
• Environmental assessment• Planning • Management• Monitoring
USERS
GIS
Baseline information Thematic maps
Modelling/forecastingsoftware
environmental monitoring
Products and Services: IIMS operational structure
Marine Electronic Highway Functional Diagram
Marine Electronic Highway Functional Diagram
Applications Module Goals
emergency response
electronic navigation
traffic management
resource managementand intervention
environmental protection
- hydrodynamics- s, T, t
- plankton- nutrients- sediments- contaminants
3D circulationmodel
plus 3Decology model
oil spill
search and rescue
tanker drift
tsunami / surge wave forecasting
tides and currents
fishery forecasts
ocean productivity
hazardous plankton forecasts
effluent dispersion
contaminant fate and effects
in situ obs.Real-timeEnvt’l Info
GPS
VTIS radar
ENCs
Datainterface
Supporting Implementation 4
Providing policy support and scientific advice to thedecision-makers
Providing policy support and scientific advice to thedecision-makers
Integrated coastal management
the application of risk assessment for environmental management
application of public sector – private sector partnership for environmental clean-up
ecological carrying capacity trade on marine endangered species trade-offs between economic development and
environmental protection
Supporting Implementation 5
Identifying and demonstrating the synergies and linkages between related international environmentalinstruments and facilitating their integrated implementation
Identifying and demonstrating the synergies and linkages between related international environmentalinstruments and facilitating their integrated implementation
ICM and Agenda 21ICM and Agenda 21
Integrated Coastal Management
Integrated Coastal Management
G E FG E F
U N D PU N D P
• regional cooperation• international cooperation• approaches
• regional cooperation• international cooperation• approaches
• national level• national level
• issues identification and assessment• priorities• integrated planning and management• strategies and action• financing mechanism
• issues identification and assessment• priorities• integrated planning and management• strategies and action• financing mechanism
Agenda 21, Chapter 17Agenda 21, Chapter 17
Integrated management andsustainable development ofcoastal and marine areas
Integrated management andsustainable development ofcoastal and marine areas
• integrated policy multiple use• preventive and pre- cautionary principles• value changes• stakeholders consulta- tion and participation
• integrated policy multiple use• preventive and pre- cautionary principles• value changes• stakeholders consulta- tion and participation
• poverty• environment• employment• women
• poverty• environment• employment• women
Sustainable human deve-lopment
Sustainable human deve-lopment
• land-water use• contaminants• transboundary
• land-water use• contaminants• transboundary
International watersInternational waters• UNCLOS
• IMO • UNEP
• UNCLOS
• IMO • UNEP
International ConventionsInternational Conventions
Global Programme of Actions on land-based
pollution (1995)
Global Programme of Actions on land-based
pollution (1995)
Supporting Implementation 6
Creating environmental investment opportunities andintegrating environmental investment as an integral part of economic development programmes
Creating environmental investment opportunities andintegrating environmental investment as an integral part of economic development programmes
Stimulated by environmental threats Public health Ecosystem health Societal health
Policy and management framework ICM framework Risk management framework Coastal and marine policy Public awareness National and local capacity
Supporting Implementation 7
Strengthening communication and environmentaleducation amongst stakeholders, partners and thegeneral public
Strengthening communication and environmentaleducation amongst stakeholders, partners and thegeneral public
forming partnerships with NGOs, media and
religious groups youth and women groups summer camp communication plans
videos, comics, public clean-up campaigns
Environment Investment Opportunities in the EAS Region
Vast coastal population
Rapid coastal urbanization
Fast economic growth
Globalization
Environment Investment Opportunities in the EAS Region
Improved standard of living
Green movement
High remedial cost
Environment Investment Opportunities in the EAS Region
Decentralization to strengthen local governance
National coastal and marine policy
Specific national target/direction
China: 40% reduction in pollution load under its
10th plan
Indonesia: 50% of coastal provinces
implementing ICM
Philippines: national coastal management plan
targets 1000 coastal municipalities
A New Paradigm in Environmental Management
Sustainable development = environmental protection + economic development
Partnerships
A New Paradigm in Environmental Management
Holistic, coordinated and integrated in planning and management
Ecosystem management
Stakeholders involvement
A New Paradigm in Environmental Management
Use local governments to address environmental problems
Use the power of science and information technology
Use the resources and expertise of the privatesector
Use the power of civil society
Partnership between public and private sector
Create investment environment
Identify priority environmental facilities and services
Package investment opportunities Promote investment opportunities Bring the two parties together into
partnership
Advantages of PEMSEA’s Approach
1. Management framework at each
PEMSEA site 2. Reduced political and investment risks of the investors 3. Benefits of PPP process to the private investors 4. Benefits of PPP process to the
public sector
Public-Private Sector Partnerships: EAS version
Identifying investment opportunities atICM sites and RA/RM ‘hot spot’ locations
Identifying investment opportunities atICM sites and RA/RM ‘hot spot’ locations
Technical and economicpre-feasibility
Technical and economicpre-feasibility
Defining mechanisms to catalyze, promote and
advance environmental investments
Defining mechanisms to catalyze, promote and
advance environmental investments
Round table meetings withinvestors, partners and
stakeholders
Round table meetings withinvestors, partners and
stakeholders
Investment processesInvestment processes
Synthesizing policy/regulatory issues to create a climate
conducive to environmentalinvestments
Synthesizing policy/regulatory issues to create a climate
conducive to environmentalinvestments
Technologiesand ServicesTechnologiesand Services
Public-Private Sector Partnerships in Batangas, Philippines
CORPORATE STRUCTURE
Philippines New Zealand
McConnell International
Ltd.
United Environmental
Ltd.
SOE Waikato
Batangas Utilities Development Inc.
Batangas Utilities Development Inc.
NZ Waste Managers
Ltd.
Perry Waste
Services Ltd.
Batangas Waste Inc.
Batangas Province (34
municipalities)
Sustainable Regional MechanismSustainable Regional Mechanism
International Frameworks for Coastal & Marine Management
Int’l Conventions Int’l Action Plans
Regional Implementing Mechanism
Participating Countriesin the Region
Int’l, Regional Org./ Donors
Technical Assistance
Products & Services
Products & Services
Institutional Arrangements
Marine Environment Resource Foundation
Grants and
Donations
Envt’l Invest-ment Center
Envt’l Invest-
ment Fund
Private Sector
Financial Arrangement for Marine Environment Resource Foundation
Financial Arrangement for Marine Environment Resource Foundation
Products and Services
Grants and Donations
Environment Investment Fund (Investment Center)
Thank You