Building a Network of Open Correspondence Projects A model for Open Science
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Building a Network of Open Correspondence Projects
A model for Open Science
Francesca Di DonatoSNS - ERC
This presentation is released under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported
Open Platforms for Digital Humanities IITowards a Network of Open Correspondence Projects
Cortona, September 26-27 2013
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A network of Correspondences:
Why?
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There are many project on the Web
Letters create graphs between persons/places
The Web is a graph too
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Topology of the NetworkThe existence of a path from a node to another one is a graph property - it doesn’t depend on our ability to find it (Euler, 1736)
Direct network
Small world network
Hubs and authorities
Pareto principle
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Digital On-line Open Linked
Our primary sources (data) must be
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Access to data (physical layer: libraries, archives)
Manuscripts (quality, reusability)Transcriptions (open formats - XML)MetadataCritical edition’s criteriaOther resultsDocumentation
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What can I do with (legal layer)?
Manuscripts Transcriptions MetadataCritical edition’s criteriaOther resultsDocumentation
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Use of open standards (technological layer)
Linked Data
Shared standards (XML-TEI )
Open source software
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Why Open Science?
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“planned serendipity”
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Some examples1. Polymath Project (2009)A collaborative space for mathematical research
3. HapMap (2002) http://hapmap.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
The goal of the International HapMap Project is to develop a haplotype map of the human genome which will describe the common patterns of human DNA sequence variation
2. GenBank (1996)http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/Genetic data are immediately shared online
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4. Galaxy Zoo http://www.galaxyzoo.org/
200.000 volounteers cooperate with a group of experts in classifying galaxies
5. Wikipedia (2000 - on)A collaborative Encyclopedia
6. MAPPA Project (2011-14)Study predictive computational tools applicable to the archaeological potential of an urban areaCreate the first italian open digital archaeological archive
7. Transcribe Bentham http://blogs.ucl.ac.uk/transcribe-bentham/
A collaborative transcription project
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A community of knowledge in a republic of letters
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changethe "traffic direction"
of science
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how groups can work together to manage
the commons (intangible goods)?
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1. Demanding open science
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Funding agencies policies (ERC, Horizon2020, National Science Foundation)
Results (OA mandatory)
Data (OA mandatory; fundings only for digitized documents)
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2. Encourage open science
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How adopting new ways of sharing can become an imperative for scientists as it is
today publishing an article?
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Altmetricshttp://altmetrics.org/manifesto/
What about evaluation?
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"My dear Francesco, I have lately kept praising the age in which we live, because of the great, indeed divine gift of the new kind of writing which was recently brought to us from Germany. In fact, I saw a single man printing in a single month as much as could be written by hand by several persons in a year. ... It was for this reason that I was led to hope that within a short time we would have such a large quantity of books that there wouldn't be a single work which could not be procured ... Yet — oh false and all too human thoughts — I see that things turned out quite differently [...] now that everyone is free to print whatever they wish, they often disregard that which best and instead write, merely for the sake of entertainment, what would best be forgotten, or, better still, be erased from all books. And even when they write something worthwhile they twist and corrupt it to the point where it would be much better to do without such books [...]"
Niccolò Perotti, Cornucopiae, seu Latinae linguae commentarii, V.Curio, Basileae, 1526, col. 1033 cit. by Robert Darnton, The case for books. Past, present, future, PublicAffairs, 2010
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Thank you
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References
Images[slide 2] http://www.flickr.com/photos/calliope/234447967/[slide 6] http://www.flickr.com/photos/kimmanleyort/8575656830/sizes/o/in/photostream/[slide 20] http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Ready_for_final_exam_at_Norwegian_University_of_Science_and_Technology.jpg[slide 21] http://thoughtleadershipleverage.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/serendipity-unexpected.jpg
A.L. Barabasi, Linked, http://barabasilab.com/LinkedBook/
R. Darnton, The case for books. Past, present, future, PublicAffairs, 2010
M. Nielsen, Reinventing Discovery: The New Era of Networked Science, Princeton University Press, 2011.