TRAINING REPORT SEMINAR ON

THERMAL POWER PLANT

NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION,BADARPUR,NEW DELHI

PRESENTED TO: PRESENTED BY:ELECTRICAL AND HIMANSHU CHANCHAL

ELECTRONICS 1709742

DEPARTMENT

CONTENTS

Introduction of Thermal Power Plant Operation of Thermal Power Plant Steam boiler Steam Turbine Turbine generator EMD-I Coal Handling Plant Motors Switchgear High Tension Switchgear Direct On Line Starter

EMD-II Generator Transformer ProtectionControl and Instrumentation Introduction C&I Labs Control and Monitoring Mechanism Pressure Monitoring Temperature Monitoring Flow Measurement Control valves Furnace safeguard supervisory system

Introduction of Thermal Power Plant

NTPC, the largest power Company in India, was setup in 1975 with 100% ownership by the Government of India. In the last 30 years, NTPC has grown into the largest power utility in India.

 NTPC has installed capacity of 29,394 MW. It has 15 coal based power stations(23,395 MW), 7 Gas based power stations (3,955 MW) and 4 Power stations in Joint Ventures (1,794 MW).

Growth f NTPC Installed Capacity and Generation

Operation of Thermal Power PlantThe operating performance of NTPC has been considerably above the national average. The availability factor for coal stations has increased from 85.03 % in1997-98 to 90.09 % in 2006- 07Capacity of Badarpur Thermal Power Station, New Delhi

There are basically three main units of a thermal power plant:1. Steam Generator or Boiler 2. Steam Turbine3. Electric Generator 

Sr. no.

Capacity

No. of generator

Total Capacity

1 210 MW 2 420 MW

2 95 MW 3 285 MW

STEAM GENERATOR AND BOILER

Pulverized coal is air-blown into the furnace from fuel nozzles at the four corners and it rapidly burns, forming a large fireball at the center. The generator includes the economizer, the steam drum, the chemical dosing equipment, and the furnace with its steam generating tubes and the super heater coils. The air and flue gas path equipment include: forced draft (FD) fan, air  preheater (APH), boiler furnace, induced draft (ID) fan, fly ash collectors(electrostatic precipitator or bag house) and the flue gas stack.The water enters the boiler through a section in the convection pass called the economizer. Once water into the steam drum to inlet water wall header rises through water wall and turned into steam

Then steam is pass steam separators and dryers which remove the water droplets from the steam . The steam drum has an internal device that removes moisture from the wet steam entering the drum from the steam generating tubes. The dry steam then flows into the super heater coils

STEAM TURBINESteam turbines are used in all of our major coal fired power stations to drive the generators or alternators, which produce electricity.. The turbines themselves are driven by steam generated in 'Boilers' or 'Steam Generators'

Energy in the steam after it leaves the boiler is converted into rotational energy as it passes through the turbine. The turbine normally consists of several stages with each stage consisting of a stationary blade (or nozzle) and a rotating blade. Stationary blades convert the potential energy of the steam (temperature and pressure) into kinetic energy (velocity) and direct the flow onto the rotating blades. The rotating blades convert the kinetic energy into forces, caused by pressure drop, which results in the rotation of the turbine shaft.

A turbine stage consists of a stationary blade (or nozzle) and a rotating blade(or bucket). Stationary blades convert the potential energy of the steam(temperature and pressure) into kinetic energy (velocity) and direct the flow onto the rotating blades. The rotating blades convert the kinetic energy into impulse and reaction forces caused by pressure drop, which results in the rotation of the turbine shaft or rotor.

EMD - I(ELECTRICAL MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT -1)