BSC 2010L. Humans Haploid # of chromosomes: 23 Diploid #: 46 Remember: Have 23 pairs 1 of each...
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Transcript of BSC 2010L. Humans Haploid # of chromosomes: 23 Diploid #: 46 Remember: Have 23 pairs 1 of each...
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BSC 2010L
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Humans Haploid # of
chromosomes: 23
Diploid #: 46 Remember:
Have 23 pairs 1 of each
pair came from mom
1 of each pair came from dad
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Each pair of chromosomes is referred to as HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES Have the same genes
For each gene there can be 2 alleles (different forms) Look at picture below:
B = brown eyes b = blue eyes Brown is dominant so this person’s phenotype
would be brown eyes
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Incomplete Dominance Form of inheritance where heterozygous
alleles are both expressed, combined phenotype Example: a plant with white flowers and plant
with red flowers has offspring with pink flowers
Codominant Both alleles are expressed
Example: Blood types in humans If a person has the A allele and the B allele, then
both A and B are expressed on the surface of the red blood cell
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Some Dominant Traits in Humans Widow’s peak Unattached earlobes Freckles
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Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21) 3 #21 chromosomes
Sex Chromosomal Abnormalities Turner Syndrome – XO
Never reaches puberty Poly-X Syndrome (XXX)
Tend to have learning disabilities Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY)
Testes underdeveloped, long limbs, poor muscle growth
Jacob Syndrome (XYY) Taller, speech and reading problems
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Genes located on the sex chromosomes (23rd pair in humans) Examples:
Color-blindness Hemophilia
Males only need 1 gene on X chromosome to have trait – look at boy on far right
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Method that allows tracking of a genetic disorder within a family Circles – Females Squares – Males Affected individuals – filled in Carriers – half filled in
http://www.sciencegeek.net/Biology/review/Sem1Review.htm
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Patterns of inheritance Autosomal Dominant – many children affected Autosomal Recessive – few children affected X-linked recessive – mostly males affected
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Patterns of inheritance Autosomal Dominant – many children affected Autosomal Recessive – few children affected X-linked recessive – mostly males affected
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Patterns of inheritance Autosomal Dominant – many children affected Autosomal Recessive – few children affected X-linked recessive – mostly males affected
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