Bruker Energy & Supercon Technologies (BEST) · pulsed which results in I c • In drum case, this...
Transcript of Bruker Energy & Supercon Technologies (BEST) · pulsed which results in I c • In drum case, this...
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Innovation with Integrity
Bruker Energy & Supercon Technologies (BEST) BRUKER HTS
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF COATED CONDUCTORS AT BRUKER
U. Betz, K. Schlenga, A. Usoskin, V. Selvamanickam
CCA 2016 Sep 13, Contribution ID: IO-15
This work was supported in part by the EC 7th Program, EUROTAPES project, Grant 280432 and EuCARD-2 project, CERN.
CCA 2016 #IO-15 BHTS All rights reserved PAGE 1
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Innovation with Integrity
BRUKER HTS OUTLINE
(CUSTOMIZED INSULATION NOT SHOWN HERE)
Cu ENCAPSULATION
Ag CAP LAYER
YBCO LAYER
YSZ BUFFER LAYER
STAINLESS STEEL standard width 4 mm standard thickness 0.1 mm
Ø Deposition routes implemented
Ø Dynamic drum vs. reel-to-reel technology : comparison - tape travel speed/throughput - heat losses - reel diameter: physical limit
Ø High-field tapes: up-scaling of length
Ø 12 mm wide tapes for CERN
CCA 2016 #IO-15 BHTS All rights reserved PAGE 2
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Innovation with Integrity 3
BRUKER HTS BHTS at the new site
Ø Successful relocation of the operation BHTS in Q3 2015
Ø Since August 2015: BHTS at the new site in the Röntgenstr. 9 in Alzenau
Ø More than 2000sqm operation area available
Ø Excellent infrastructure and media supply for vacuum coating fab lines
BRUKER HTS GmbH Industriepark Nord
Röntgenstr. 9 63755 Alzenau
Germany
CCA 2016 #IO-15 BHTS All rights reserved PAGE 3
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Innovation with Integrity
Manufacturing Chain
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Innovation with Integrity 5
BRUKER HTS Buffer layer coating (ABAD)
• Alternating Ion Beam Assisted Deposition ABAD
• ABAD vacuum coating equipment designed for long length production of coated conductors
• Both, drum batch processing and reel-to-reel processing equipment available
• Coating materials Y2O3, Al2O3, MgO and YSZ
CCA 2016 #IO-15 BHTS All rights reserved PAGE 5
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Innovation with Integrity 6
BRUKER HTS YBCO layer coating (PLD)
• Pulsed Laser Deposition PLD vacuum coating equipment
• Drum batch processing concept
• Quasi-Equilibrium heating concept
• Industrial excimer laser providing stabilized UV power @ 308nm
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Innovation with Integrity
Multi plume HR-PLD (MB PLD)
• Efficiency of material transfer is above 70%
• Pulse energy of 600 mJ is sufficient for 8 beams; thus further increase of throughput is possible
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Innovation with Integrity
BRUKER HTS BHTS’s core competence
Ø Manufacturing of coated conductors (HTS 2G) tailored for it’s application in high magnetic fields
Ø Structural design of the YBCO superconducting thin films on a nano-scale by pulsed laser deposition PLD
EXTRINSIC second phase nano-structures
in the YBCO film
INTRINSIC stoichio-metric deviations in the YBCO film
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Innovation with Integrity
Deposition route: Introduction of nano-periodic disorder/precipitation during PLD:
Quasi-equilibrium heater 1, 2, 5, 6 with
a substrate tape 3 helically wound on the cylindrical drum 4.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
TABLE I AVERAGE PERIOD BETWEEN MAXIMA OF O2 PRESSURE PULSE
Parameter Model Experiment
thickness period 18.8 nm 14.5 nm
effective repetition rate of laser pulses
230 pulses/s 225 pulses/s
number of deposition pulses 18,800 17,900 time period 82 s 84 s
.
pressure triggered stoichiometry deviations (=“intrinsic” disorder/precipitations)
Tape translation: both a drum and reel-to reel routes are considered
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Innovation with Integrity
Drum vs. RtR: limiting factors
a) throughput/travel speed of the tape
• In Reel-to-Reel (RtR) and drum cases: tape should travel with about 1 m/s speed. Slower motion leads to increase of local repetition rate of deposition pulsed which results in Ic deterioration
• In drum case, this travel is achieved via fast drum rotation
• In RtR case, the tape is permanently traveling between reels. Pre-heating of tape is needed therefore. Length of tape to be pre-heated is shown in figure for different heating temperatures and single/double side heating.
Length of tape to be pre-heated vs. temperature of IR heater in RtR route Addition heating power is estimated to 1.5 kW
CCA 2016 #IO-15 BHTS All rights reserved PAGE 10
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Innovation with Integrity
Drum vs. RtR: limiting factors
b) drum concept (cont.)
• In drum case, tape quick travel is achieved via fast drum rotation
• Drum versus RtR translation:
• Limiting factor: tape throughput is limited by heat capacity of the drum
• “Dynamic” drum with reduced heat capacity and advanced mechanical stability is developed and employed in deposition of 600m long tapes.
• Dynamic drum enables tape throughput of > 60 m/hour
(a) (b)
Kinetics of tape + drum heating (a) and substrate temperature variation during PLD process (b) where drum rotates within a tubular IR heater with deposition window
980 1090 12001050
1055
1060
tim e, m s x 10
subs
trate
tem
pera
ture
, K
Time, s 0 1.1 1.2
1.060
1.050 200 0 100 200 300200
400
600
800
1000
1200
time, s
tem
pera
ture
, K
Ti 1....c ρ t
..ε σo 10 4
1 Th100
4 Ti100
4
dτ Ti
Time, s 0 100 300
1.2
1.0
Sub
stra
te te
mpe
ratu
re, a
.u.
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
Sub
stra
te te
mpe
ratu
re, a
.u.
1.055
200
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Innovation with Integrity
Drum vs. RtR: limiting factors
c) reel diameter is limited by cumulative normal pressure coming from tape windings
• Damage threshold by winding on reel with 300mm core diameter is estimated to 1000 m length
Ft
Fn
(=T)
Tape length, m
Nor
mal
pre
ssur
e, M
Pa
(a)
(b)
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Innovation with Integrity
Drum vs. RtR: summary
Drum Reel-to-Reel
• Tape translation drum rotation multiple tape instead of travel needed multiple travel (typically >20 cycles)
• Tape throughput > 60 m/hour >60 m/hour with “dynamic” drum
• Tape length > 600 m 1000 m with “dynamic” drum limited by 1000m to be validated cumulative pressure
• Additional heating power no 50%, additional
impurity source
• Both concepts undergo further feasibility and applicability analyses
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Innovation with Integrity
Up-scaling to piece length above 600 m:
223 m and 610 m long tape after deposition of HTS layer
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Innovation with Integrity
BRUKER HTS
For the standard configuration:
• L > 500m single piece length • Ic > 1500A/cm at 4.2K 5T Bllc • Ic std. dev. of +/-2.5% at 77K • σc: 650MPA critical tensile stress
• Long length 2G HTS single wires with high in-field Ic performances at 4.2K
YBCO thin films coating by pulsed laser deposition PLD
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Innovation with Integrity
Ic per cm-width versus piece length (at 4.2 K,18T, B//c)
• Highest critical currents correspond to 1250 A/cm-width in 22 m batch. HTS film thickness is always between 1.5 and 1.7 µm in tapes longer than 100m. In 22 m long tape the HTS thickness is ~2 µm.
In 2016, HTS tapes were upgraded to 600m WITHOUT REDUCTION of Ic
2015 2016
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Innovation with Integrity
Comparison Ic(4K; B) in 4mm tapes : FSU + BHTS updated
B, T
1-905N3 1-905N4
309 A at 31 T
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Innovation with Integrity
Ic homogeneity: TapeStar
Major recent achievements: the transfer of high Ic in-field performances on long single piece tape lengths
Example
Ø 4 mm wide and 550 m long HTS tape with I @ 4.2 K/5 T well above 700 A measured on samples from both tape ends
Ø Enhanced Ic uniformity measured with Hall-probe measurements at 77 K (Tapestar)
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 Tape length, m
0
20
40
80
60
Crit
ical
cur
rent
at 7
7K,
A 100
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Innovation with Integrity
Ic homogeneity: FFT analysis
580 m long tape, interval analyzed: from 175 to 221 m
Expanded low frequency range
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Innovation with Integrity
12mm wide tapes for EUCARD2 CERN
BHTS manufactured several 12mm wide tapes for EUCARD2, CERN
The high field performance (18T) was confirmed: - minimum Je of 400 A/mm2 @ 4.2K/18T is required for the C12 tapes, - most tapes are far above this spec (in spite of thick substrate tape)
Ic=1086 A/cm-w
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Innovation with Integrity
Highlight Summary
• “Dynamic” drum and reel-to-reel concepts are compared and analyzed. Advantages of both systems will be used in further development. Presently PLD machines are based on “dynamic” drum.
• Based on ABAD and PLD with double disordered HTS layers Bruker confirmed reproducibility of very high critical currents in high field and 4.2 K
• Technology was scaled up from 200m to 600m tape length with no considerable change of critical current. Accessible range of critical currents: 600-800 A/cm-width at 18 T, Bǁ‖c, 4.2 K.
• Processing of 12 mm wide tapes with high Ic and Je is in pilot production status. Most number of tapes yields Ic > 900 A/cm-width at 18 T, 4.2 K, Bǁc
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Innovation with Integrity 22
www.bruker-HTS.com
Bruker Confidential
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