Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a...

34
Asteroids and Comets: (Near Earth Objects, or NEOs) Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program Bruce Damer, DigitalSpace IEET Seminar, 14 Nov, 2008

description

Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Transcript of Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a...

Page 1: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Asteroids and Comets:(Near Earth Objects, or NEOs)

Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program

Bruce Damer, DigitalSpaceIEET Seminar, 14 Nov, 2008

Page 2: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Q: Where did NEOs come from?

A: The very birth of our Solar System!

Page 3: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)
Page 4: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Q: Where are NEOs today?

A: Everywhere!

Page 5: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

> 1,000,000Total by ~2020

> 300,000Tunguskaor larger

Page 6: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)
Page 7: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Q: Have NEOs shaped life on Earth?

A: Yes! The evolution of our biota was uniquely impacted by

NEOs.

Page 8: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)
Page 9: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Q: Could this happen again?

A: Yes! Take a look…(thank you Carter Emmart,

Hayden Planetarium)

Page 10: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)
Page 11: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Now that’s something to think about!

Page 12: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Risk Corridor for Apophis

Case study: Apophis, 2029-2036

Page 13: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

2020 - Risk Corridors

Other NEOs of Concern

Page 14: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Q: Have we visited NEOs?

A: Yes! With robotics…

Page 15: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

NEAR-Shoemaker (Eros)

Page 16: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Hayabusa (Itokawa)

Page 17: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Deep Impact (Tempel 1 Comet)

Page 18: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Q: Could humans visit NEOs?

A: Yes! Here is a way it could work…

Page 19: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Design for a human mission to a NEO

Page 20: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Popular Science, November 2007

…which was picked up by the popular media…

Page 21: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

…and somewhat creatively misinterpreted!

Page 22: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Q: Can we Mitigate the threat posed by NEOs?

A: Yes! Here is a way it could work…

Page 23: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Hollywood: Not how it would work

Page 24: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Kinetic Impact

Pushes the asteroid via direct impact

Orbit Determination

Determining which NEOs are threatening

Gravity Tractor

Pulls the asteroid using mutual gravity as a tow-rope

Final_OD_Phase.wmv

B612 Foundation 2008 Research Project

Page 25: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Kinetic Impactor: Assisting Gravity Tractoring

Page 26: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

DigitalSpace/B612 Visualization of GT/Kinetic Impactor

Page 27: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Who will issue warnings to evacuate a predicted impact point? Based on what information? How will the public react if there are conflicting predictions? What deflection technologies exist and who approves their use? Who accepts liability if an asteroid deflection doesn’t work? Who decides that it’s acceptable to temporarily increase the risk to some people in order to eliminate it for everyone? What is the biggest asteroid we can safely decide to ignore? Who pays to deflect an asteroid? What does such a mission cost? Who should deflect an incoming asteroid? Will two space agencies decide to take conflicting actions?

Critical Questions

Page 28: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Q: Could we use resources on NEOs to support exploration and settlement of the solar system?

A: Perhaps!

Page 29: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

From the fanciful

Page 30: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Vehicle on virtual lunar terrain, excavating volume

To the seriously studied

Page 31: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

To the imagined

Page 32: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

#1 “Refueling Stations” for propulsion & human consumables

Lowers launch mass of vehicles Increases safety, sustainability NEOs as viable biospheres? We are all made of NEO-stuff! (apologies to C. Sagan!) Who can stake a claim? If NEOs are brought into Low Earth Orbit, who is threatened, who benefits?

Benefits from Capturing & Mining NEOs

Page 33: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Thank you NASA and B612 Foundation for funding this work.

DigitalSpace’s NEO Mission Simulations:http://www.digitalspace.com

NASA Near Earth Object Program:http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov

B612 Foundation:http://www.b612foundation.org

Page 34: Bruce Damer's talk on Asteroids and Comets: Mitigating Impact Risks & Stepping Stones to a Sustainable Space Program (IEET workshop, 2008)

Thank you for your attention!Contact: [email protected]

Source: www.grinningplanet.com