BroadbandServies

8/3/2019 BroadbandServies

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Internet/Broadband-an overview

Faculty of RTTC

Jaipur


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ALTTC/DX/IBB_OV/AKN 2

Brief History of the Internet

1968 - DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency)contracts with BBN (Bolt, Beranek & Newman) to createARPAnet

1970 - First five nodes: UCLA Stanford UC Santa Barbara U of Utah, and BBN

1974 - TCP specification by Vint Cerf 1984 On January 1, the Internet with its 1000 hosts

converts en masse to using TCP/IP for its messaging


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Evolution of the Internet

1945 1995

Memex

Conceived

1945

WWW

Created

1989

MosaicCreated

1993

A

MathematicalTheory of

Communication

1948

Packet

Switching

Invented

1964

Silicon

Chip

1958

First Vast

Computer

Network

Envisioned

1962

ARPANET

1969

TCP/IP

Created

1972

Internet

Named

and

Goes

TCP/IP

1984

HypertextInvented

1965

Age of

eCommerce

Begins1995


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Internet Growth Trends

1977: 111 hosts on Internet 1981: 213 hosts

1983: 562 hosts

1984: 1,000 hosts

1986: 5,000 hosts

1987: 10,000 hosts

1989: 100,000 hosts

1992: 1,000,000 hosts

2001: 150 175 million hosts

2002: over 200 million hosts

By 2010, about 80% of the planet will be on the Internet


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Growth of Internet Hosts *

Sept. 1969 - Sept. 2002

0

50,000,000

100,000,000

150,000,000

200,000,000

250,000,000

9/69

01/71

01/73

01/74

01/76

01/79

08/81

08/83

10/85

11/86

07/88

01/89

10/89

01/91

10/91

04/92

10/92

04/93

10/93

07/94

01/95

01/96

01/97

01/98

01/99

01/01

08/02

Time Period

No.ofHosts

Sept. 1, 2002

Dot-Com Bust Begins


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Internet Users-Region Wise

0

50000000

100000000

150000000

200000000

250000000

AFR ASI EUR ME NA LA OCE

2000

2004


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Growth Rate % (2000-2004)

0

50

100

150

200

AFR ASI EUR ME NA LA OCE



Internet Access-World Share

AFR1%

ASI31%

EUR28%

ME2%

NA

29%

LA

7%

OCE2%



Internet Penetration %

0

20

40

60

80

100

USA UK AUS S-KR SWD SWZ ROW



Internet (Penetration% - Asia%)

010

20

30

40

50

60

70

CHN IND JAP NPL PAK SGP SRL

Penetration %

Asia %

1.

5

7

.2



Internet Users-2000 & 2004

0

20000000

40000000

60000000

80000000

100000000


2000

2004

5

,000,

000

16,

580,

000



Growth Rate % (2000-2004)

0200

400

600

800

1000

1200


%Growth

231.

6



Broadband Policy-2004

Broadband connectivity as defined inBroadband policy-2004 is an always ondata connection that is able to support

interactive services including Internetaccess and has the capability of minimumdownload speed of 256 kbps to an

individual subscriber from the POP of theservice provider


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Broadband Policy-2004

Salient Features:

De-licensing of 2.40-2.48 Ghz band for outdoor lowoutput

Enabling VSAT operators to transmit data up to 2 Mbps(At present 512 Kbps in CUG domestic network)

Allowing DTH operators to give one way Internetfacility. For bi-directional VSAT license will be required.

BSNL & MTNL to utilise copper and allowing them toenter into arrangement with private players to utilisecopper and content creation


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Broadband Services

High speed Internet Access

Video-on-Demand

Interactive Games

Share market dealing & personal banking

News, travel & leisure information

Music/Movie Download Chatrooms & newsgroups


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Broadband Services

E-mail & instant messaging

Personal websites and online magazines

Educational materials & research resources

Tele-medicine

Work at home

Internet radio & webcast concerts


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Broadband Users

There are about 100 million Broadbandsubscriber worldwide and are increasing byabout 2,00,000 every month

Asia Pacific 45%

USA 30%

Europe, Middle East & Africa 25%


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Broadband Penetration %

0

5

10

1520

25

30

IND MAL CHN KOR

0.02 0.4

1.4

25


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Internet v Broadband Subs in India

0

10

20

30

40

2005 2007 2010

Internet Subs

Broadband Subs

6M3M

18M

9M

40M

20M


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Broadband Technologies

Broadband Technologies

Wireless

3G Mobile

Wireline

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)

LMDS & MMDS

FSO (Free Space Optics)

Satellite

DSL (Digital Subs Line)

Cable Modem

Optical Fibre Technologies

PLC (Power Line Communication)

WiMAX


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Wireless LAN Standards

Standard Data Rate(Max.)

Distance Frequency

IEEE 802.11a 54 Mbps 50 Meters 5.0 GHz

IEEE 802.11b

(Wi-Fi)

11 Mbps 100 Meters 2.4 GHz

IEEE 802.11g

(Backwardcompatiable

with 802.11b)


HiperLAN2

(ETSI Standard)



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Broadband Wireless Technologies

3G Mobile

Based on WCDMA & CDMA

Supports data rates

144 kbps for outdoor mobile environment

384 kbps in low mobility environment

2 mbps in indoor environment

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)

Wireless LAN with Broadband option Most widely used LAN standard (IEEE 802.11b)

Uses 2.4 Ghz band & delivers 11 mbps of data overdistances of 100 meters


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WiMAX-Worldwide interoperability forMicrowave Access IEEE 802.16 standard defines the Wireless

MAN air interface specification Complements Wi-Fi by providing wireless

broadband backhaul to 802.11 hotspots andlast mile

Service area range of 50 kms Provides shared data rates up to 70 mbps in 2-

11 Ghz band


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LMDS & MMDS

Provides point-to-multipoint two way broadband service

LMDS-Local Multipoint Distribution System

Operates in various bands such as 10.5 Ghz (8 kms) and 26 &28 Ghz (3 kms)

Provides various interfaces at user end like E1, 4xE1, 10/100BaseT Ethernet etc.

MMDS-Multichannel Multipoint Distribution System

Operates in 2-3 Ghz (20-40 kms radius) Provides high speed data rates upto 10 Mbps


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Satellite

Uses VSAT (very Small Aperture Terminals) &DTH (Direct To Home) terminals

C, Ku & Ka bands are used for servicesinvolving fixed terminals

L band is used for mobile services

Offers data rates 9.6 Kbps for a handheldterminal and 60 Mbps for a fixed VSAT terminal

Future will support up to 155 Mbps


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Broadband Wireline Technologies

DSL-Digital Subscriber line

Technology for high bandwidth to home andsmall businesses over ordinary copper

telephone lines Achievable data rate depends on the distance

and cable impairments


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DSL Technologies

Technology ITU-TStandard

Distance Downstream

Data Rate

Upstream

Data Rate

ADSL G-992.1 3.5 Kms 8 Mbps 640 Kbps

Splitterless ADSL G-992.2 4.0 Kms 1.5 Mbps 512 Kbps

ADSL-

Extended Bandwidth

G-992.5 1.5 Kms 16 Mbps 100 Kbps

2 Wire High-Speed DSL G-991.2 3.0 Kms 2312 Kbps 2312 Kbps

4 Wire High-Speed DSL G-991.2 3.0 Kms 4624 Kbps 4624 Kbps

Very High-speed DSL G-993.1 300 Mts 52 Mbps 6-26 Mbps

Very High-speed DSL G-993.1 700 Mts 26 Mbps 26 Mbps


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Cable Modem

Allows high speed access to the Internet via acable television network

Uses cable modem technology through the useof Set-Top-Box at the customer premises


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Optical Fibre Technologies

Optical fibre with its unmatched capacity tocarry enormous amount of information over

unlimited distances can be deployed forbroadband access in:

PON (Passive Optical Network)

FTTH (Fibre-To-The-Home)

FTTC (Fibre-To-The-Curb)

HFC (Hybrid Fibre Co-axial)


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PLC-Power Line Communication Also referred as BPL (Broadband over Power

Lines)

Can provide broadband Internet accessthrough ordinary power lines

Most extensive networks in the world,surpassing the phone network as well as the

cable network in size and coverage Suffers from technological challenges due to

interference with noise, radio and television etc.


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BroadbandServies

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