Broadband Connectivity in the Pacific - ESCAP · 2018. 4. 6. · IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND...
Transcript of Broadband Connectivity in the Pacific - ESCAP · 2018. 4. 6. · IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND...
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IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY IN THE PACIFIC
Atsuko Okuda Chief
ICT and Development Section ICT and Disaster Risk Reduction Division
Dhaka, Bangladesh, 1-2 November 2017
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IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
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Outline: 1. Trends in Broadband connectivity 2. Drivers of Broadband connectivity in
Pacific Island Countries 3. Conclusions and policy implications
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Trends: Fixed Broadband subscriptions 3
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (2017).
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Trends: Fixed Broadband subscriptions in the Pacific
Fixed Broadband Subs. per 100 Inhabitants
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (2017).
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Trends: Mobile Broadband subscriptions
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (2017).
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Trends: Mobile Broadband subscriptions in the Pacific
Mobile Broadband Subs. per 100 Inhabitants
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (2017).
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Submarine Cable Coverage Number of Submarine fiber-optic cables and 3G coverage, 2016
Number of Submarine fibre-optic cables and LTE/WiMaX coverage, 2016
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunica=ons/ICT Indicators Database (2017).
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Broadband Affordability in the Pacific Country
Mobile Broadband Fixed Broadband Capacity Access Affordability Access Affordability Broadband Economic Mobile broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
Mobile-cellular sub-basket as per cent of GNI p.c.
Fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
Fixed broadband sub-basket as a per cent of GNI p.c.
International Internet bandwidth per Internet user
GNI per capita (constant 2010 US$)*
Tonga
50 3 2 9 14,623 3,669
Fiji
48 4 1 4 27,399 3,539
Samoa
10 5 1 11 7,842 3,430
Marshall Islands
n/a
6 2 14 75,844 3,797
Vanuatu
19 8 2 21 8,477 2,860
Kiribati
0.3 8 0.1 76 2,916 2,170
Micronesia (Fed. States of)
n/a
10 3 12 9,117 2,944
Solomon Islands
11 10 0.2 180 4,277 944
Papua New Guinea
6 12 0.2 12 9,122 1,332
Pacific average (simple)
16 8 1 41 18,124 2,627
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Affordability, Access and Capacity Affordability, access and capacity of international broadband connectivity, World sample
Countries with less affordable, lower Fixed-‐broadband access, and smaller interna=onal bandwidth capacity.
Countries with more affordable, higher Fixed-‐broadband access, and bigger interna=onal bandwidth capacity.
Countries with less affordable, lower Mobile-‐broadband access, and smaller interna=onal bandwidth capacity.
Countries with more affordable, higher Mobile-‐broadband access, and bigger interna=onal bandwidth capacity.
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IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
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Drivers of Broadband Connectivity in Pacific Island Countries: Electricity
• Access to reliable and affordable energy source (electricity)
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Drivers of Broadband Connectivity in Pacific Island Countries: E-Services
• E-government services create latent demand
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• Capacity and skills to use and understand the opportunities of being connected.
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Drivers of Broadband Connectivity in Pacific Island Countries: Capacity
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• Access to affordable ICT devices (especially for net-importer countries).
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Drivers of Broadband Connectivity in Pacific Island Countries: Access
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Impact of Natural Disasters Average Annual Loss in Pacific island countries by hazard type
Asia-Pacific countries with high exposure to, and risk from, natural disasters Global Ranking Natural Disasters Exposure
1 Vanuatu 2 Tonga 3 Philippines 4 Japan 5 Costa Rica 6 Brunei Darussalam 7 Mauritius 8 Guatemala 9 El Salvador
10 Bangladesh 11 Chile 12 Netherlands 13 Solomon Islands 14 Fiji 15 Cambodia
Source: Produced by ESCAP based, United Nations University - Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS) (2016), World Risk Report 2016, available from
• Natural disasters’ costly economic impact on economies (in particular ICT infrastructures).
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• Introduction of competition to the mobile phone sector, enhances access and affordability.
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Competition and Mobile Broadband 114.2 112.8
50.0 48.2
18.9 10.0 9.6
0.3 6.1 0.0 0.0 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Mob
ile b
road
band
sub.
per
100
inha
bita
nts
Full competition
Partial competition
Monopoly
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunica=ons/ICT Indicators Database (2016) and World Bank, LiWle Data Book on Informa=on Communica=on and Technology 2017 (2017).
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• Good Governance matters.
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Governance and Fixed Broadband Subscriptions
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunica=ons/ICT Indicators Database (2016) and World Governance Indicators (2016).
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• Urbanization and broadband access are positively correlated
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Impact of Urbanization on Broadband Access
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunica=ons/ICT Indicators Database (2016) and World Bank, LiWle Data Book on Informa=on Communica=on and Technology 2017 (2017).
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• Economic development is correlated with higher mobile broadband access in PICs.
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Economic Development and Mobile Broadband Access
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunica=ons/ICT Indicators Database (2016) and World Bank, LiWle Data Book on Informa=on Communica=on and Technology 2017 (2017).
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Conclusion and Policy Implications • The following issues are important for growth of broadband
connectivity in the Pacific island countries: 1. Access to resilience and affordable energy (electricity); 2. Shift towards E-government services; 3. Formal education and capacity development; 4. Access to affordable ICT devices; 5. ICT infrastructure resilience to natural disasters; 6. Regulatory policies (competition etc); 7. Good Governance; 8. Urbanization; and 9. Standard of economic development.