British Legends Beowulf Anticipation Guide

Answer the following questions in detail. Each response should have 2-3 sentences of explanation. Statement (6 points) Agree/Disagree Explanation with a least 1 specific exampleEveryone respects and follows a hero

People should not travel to foreign lands to help defend its inhabitants against any threats b/c it is not their affair.

Monsters no longer exist in modern day.

Epic Elements (12 points)Epic Element Definition As seen in BeowulfEpic Hero

Quest

Valorous deeds

Divine intervention

Great events

Kenning

Christian Vs. Pagan (4 points)Christian Beliefs in Beowulf Pagan Beliefs in Beowulf

Study Guide Questions (Not Graded but HIGHLY recommended)Carmichael English IV: British Legends Page 1 of 19

Answer each of these questions fully and completely. They may be used on pop-quizzes or tests so make sure you take your time and answer each one. The Wrath of Grendel (pg. 41-43)

1. Describe the “Powerful monster, living down in the darkness.” Speculate: Why does he only comes out at night? 2. Identify a Biblical Allusion on page 42. 3. What is the main idea of the sentences in lines 34-40? Paraphrase these lines. 4. Terrorized by Grendel, Hrothgar and the followers face “Twelve winters of grief.” How does the length of the suffering

increase the epic feeling of this tale? 5. How had hate triumphed (line 58)? 6. Read the translator’s insight on page 43. What does this information reveal about Grendel? 7. What tactics did Hrothgar and his people try to relieve their suffering? 8. Why had Hrothgar and his people lose hope?

The Coming of Beowulf (pg. 43-48)1. Who is Higlac? Why is this identification so important? 2. What are some motivating factors for Beowulf’s quick actions? 3. What good “omens” could Beowulf and his followers have run into to urge the voyage and adventure to continue?4. Paraphrase lines 125-131. What is the main idea? 5. How do word choice and other stylistic features of the watchman’s speech add a serious, epic tone to his question in

lines 152-172? How could you shorten the question? 6. What information does Beowulf reveal about himself in his introduction? 7. What does Beowulf’s way of identifying himself suggest about the values of a warrior culture? 8. Why does Beowulf sail to Denmark? 9. How do Beowulf’s boasts of great deeds and his announcement of his plan establish him as a hero? 10. Paraphrase Beowulf’s plans in lines 264-279. 11. What does Beowulf ask of Hrothgar? 12. What values and beliefs of warrior culture does Beowulf’s attitude toward death express?

The Battle with Grendel (pg. 48-51)1. Why does Grendel come to the kingdom? Is he afraid of Beowulf? 2. What “human eyes” were watching Grendel’s “evil steps”? 3. How do the “renaming” of Grendel in line 325 emphasize the weighty significance of the battle that is about to begin? 4. Read the translator’s insight on page 49. Do you agree with his assessment of Grendel? Explain. 5. Describe the battle between Beowulf and Grendel. 6. What advantage does Beowulf have in his fight with Grendel?

The Monster’s Lair1. Describe the lair using details from the passage.

The Battle with Grendel’s Mother (pg. 52-55)1. Who is “Edgetho’s brave son”? How else is he identified throughout the epic? Speculate: Why would the epic refer to

him in so many different ways? 2. Why does Beowulf decide to kill Grendel’s Mother? 3. Where does Grendel’s mother live? 4. What does the inability of Grendel’s mother to tear Beowulf apart suggest about his heroic nature? 5. How does the setting of this battle add to its epic significance? 6. Describe the fight between Beowulf and Grendel’s Mother.7. Read the Translator’s insight on page 53. How does the motivation for honor alone amplify the character of Beowulf? 8. Why does Beowulf toss aside his sword in the fight? 9. Why does Beowulf chop off Grendel’s head? 10. Why did the warriors at the top of the lake lose hope moments before Beowulf surfaced? 11. Read the “science connection” on page 55. What makes the Hrunting valuable property? 12. What does Beowulf do after slaying Grendel’s mother?

The Last Battle1. What has changed about Beowulf? 2. Why does Beowulf feel the need to explain his use of sword and shield to fight the dragon? 3. What does Beowulf’s speech in lines 630-49 suggest to you about Anglo-Saxon values?4. How does Beowulf plan to fight the dragon? 5. Why does Wiglaf join the fight? Why doesn’t anyone else join them? 6. What does Wiglaf’s decision suggest about the way in which a legendary hero can inspire heroism in others? 7. How do Beowulf’s companions react when the dragon breathes flame on him?

The Spoils1. What does Beowulf ask of Wiglaf? 2. In Beowulf’s death scene, what is shown about the importance in warrior culture of the commemoration of individuals

after death? The Farewell

1. What is Beowulf’s last request?

Enrichment: Film Portrayals of MonstersCarmichael English IV: British Legends Page 2 of 19

For thousands of years evil monsters have played an important role in the world’s literature.Today, monsters continue to thrive—until a hero comes along—on movie screens and televisions. You have probably enjoyed a number of frightening monster films and videos from the safety of your living room or local movie theater. You may even have your own favorite monsters—ones that were effectively presented and gave you a particularly “good scare.”DIRECTIONS: Think about the creatures of doom and darkness that you have seen in films and videos. Include aliens from outer space and psychological human monsters, as well as the more “old-fashioned” sort. Make a chart like the one shown here. List your favorite monsters in the first column. Then fill in the other columns with information about each monster. You must have at least 3 monsters in your chart

Enrichment: Wanted PosterUse the information in your chart to help you consider how you would describe Grendel. Write a description using scenes from the poem in which you present your ideas. Then, create a wanted poster using the description and a sketch of what you believe Grendel might look like (don’t copy the yucky picture in the book! Come up with your own idea based on the description in the text). You should also think about what the Danish King might offer as a reward. See rubric on my website for details.

Beowulf PowerPoint GuideACT 1 (5 points): Term Definition Difference? Monster

Villain

o Grendel is a __________________________ becauseACT 2 (8 points):

o An acrostic poem is: GRENDEL

ACT 3 (2 points): o Beowulf’s duty

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Act 4 (11 points): Beowulf Epic Hero Cycle

Element ExampleThe main character is a hero, who is often possessed of super natural abilities or qualitiesThe hero is charged with a quest (call to Adventure)

“Crossing the Threshold” Moving from the known to the unknown

The hero is tested, often to prove the worthiness of himself and his quest

PHYSICAL, MENTAL, EMOTIONALThe presence of numerous mythical beings, magical and helpful animals, and/or human helpers and companions

The hero’s travels take him to a supernatural world, often one that normal human beings are barred from enteringThe cycle must reach a low point where the hero nearly gives up his quest or appears defeatedA resurrection

Achieving the goal or the “boon”

Restitution. Often this takes the form of the hero regaining his rightful place on the throne. Return to the ordinary world

Applying the “boon”

ACT 5 (3 points): o Grendel fights without :o Beowulf decides to fight without:o Hand to hand combat is more rewarding because:o Theme: “Clash between equal and opposite forces” :

ACT 6 (13 points): Kennings can be defined as…

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Kennings can come in 3 forms. Look at the examples in the chart below and write down the name or noun represented beside each example of a kenning.

Compound Words Prepositional Phrases PossessivesSky-candle Whale-road Ring-giver Gold-ringed Battle dew Sea stallion

Wolf of wounds Winters of grief Shepard of evil Storm of swords Guardian of the people Path of the sea

Seabird’s bath Ocean’s face Heaven’s joy Arrow’s storm Water’s chain Battle’s torch

o Line 325 kenningo Two other kennings

( 6 points) Consider carefully how you could creatively rename each of the following through the use of the kenning technique. Choose 3 to poetically rename on your own1. a teacher2. a bus driver3. firemen4. television5. meatloaf6. police7. pop tarts8. music9. love10. computer

Beowulf : Epic Elements and Cunning Kennings The epic Beowulf is a long narrative poem that recounts the exploits of the legendary warrior Beowulf. Like other epic heroes, Beowulf represents good and earns glory by struggling against the forces of evil represented by several monstrous creatures. He represents the values of his nation, culture, and religion. Beowulf is a typical epic poem in its serious tone, elevated language, and kennings which portrays characters, action, and setting in terms larger and grander than life.

DIRECTIONS (3 points): Read each passage from Beowulf. Then list the characteristics of epic poetry represented in it.

1. So mankind’s enemy continued his crimes, / Killing as often as he could, coming / Alone, bloodthirsty and horrible. Though he lived / In Herot, when the night hid him, he never / Dared to touch king Hrothgar’s glorious / Throne, protected by God—God, / Whose love Grendel could not know. . . .

2. “Hail Hrothgar! / Higlac is my cousin and my king; the days / Of my youth have been filled with glory. Now Grendel’s / Name has echoed in our land: sailors / Have brought us stories of Herot, the best / Of all mead-halls, deserted and useless when the moon / Hangs in skies the sun had lit, / Light and life fleeing together. / My people have said, the wisest, most knowing / And best of them, that my duty was to go to the Danes’ / Great king. They have seen my strength for themselves, / Have watched me rise from the darkness of war. . . .”

3. “Grant me, then, / Lord and protector of this noble place, / A single request! I have come so far, / O shelterer of warriors and your people’s loved friend, / That this one favor you should not refuse me— / That I, alone and with the help of my men, / May purge all evil from this hall.”

Appositives & Appositive PhrasesCarmichael English IV: British Legends Page 5 of 19

In your own words, define appositive/appositive phrases:_________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

In the boxes below, write all the character traits of both Grendel and Beowulf.

Follow the directions for each question to create your own sentences using appositive phrases1. Write a sentence describing Grendel while using an appositive phrase.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2. Write a sentence describing Beowulf while using an appositive phrase. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Write a sentence describing Grendel’s attack’s using an appositive phrase.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Write a sentence describing Beowulf’s attitude toward Grendel using an appositive phrase. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Write a sentence describing the fight between Grendel and Beowulf using an appositive phrase. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(10 points)

Follow Beowulf on Twitter!!! (40 points) EC (10 points)You’re ongoing assignment is to create a physical (not a computer based) twitter@beowulf account. This does NOT mean you need to sign up for a twitter account! You are doing this on your own paper, as creatively as possible (see template attached). You are

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GRENDEL BEOWULF

pretending that I am following you on twitter and when you turn in your assignment, you want me to have as much information as possible about Beowulf’s escapades.

o Create a picture that represents Beowulf. You may draw a picture of Beowulf or you may choose a symbol to represent him. (5 points)

o You must have at least 2 “tweets” per subtitle for a total of 16. (The last two sections are where Beowulf has died so you will assume that his successor, Wiglaf, has taken over his twitter account. Make sure you demonstrate a change in tone.) (16 points)

o Each “tweet” must have about 15-30 words portraying of “events” or “Updates” (16 points)o This should NOT just be a retelling of events. This should include emotion, aftermath, etc. Things OUTSIDE the

text. Ex. What makes him decide to go help the Danes? How does Beowulf respond to the death of Grendel? How does he feel as he enters the Beasts’ lair?

o Each “tweet” should be in the vernacular; “text talk” is fine, but make sure you can tell me what it means if I run into a translation problem!

o You must have a list of people who follow him. You must have at least 4, one can be me, one can be you; the others must be from the story. Be creative with this. (3 points)

o You do NOT have to type your “tweets,” but you can if you so desire. If you hand write your tweets, they should be in PEN (blue or black) and should be written neatly, with the symbol or picture of Beowulf at the top.

*Extra credit opportunity: o Have a character respond to Beowulf. To receive credit, the character must respond at least 5 times. (10 points)o Illustrate at least 5 “tweets” (10 points)

Beowulf Picture Represents Beowulf 2 8 pointsEvidence of time and thought 2Creativity 2Color 1Format 1

2 tweets per subtitle (completion) 16 points3-4 lines each (completion 16 pointsStyle Creativity (slang, text talk etc) 3 10 points

“outside text” 4Tone 1Represents character 2

List of people (Completion) 5 pointsFormat Neat & orderly (separated logically) 3 5 points

Follows a sequence 2TPP 60

EXTRA CREDITCharacter Responses Must have 5 to receive EC points;

must be logical and sequential10 points

Illustrations Must have 5 tweets illustrated; must be neat and orderly with evidence of both time and thought to receive credit

10 points

Total EC Points 20**You can download a template on my website! Or you can create your own!

AFTER READING (6 points): 1. Go back and look at one of the themes we talked about earlier and describe in detail your opinion of the theme in

relation to the story.

2. Do you think Beowulf’s deeds make him a good role model? Explain.

3. Identify one person who is inspired by Beowulf’s actions. Does this add to his heroic nature? Explain.

An Epic reflects the values of the culture that produced it. Complete this chart and draw a conclusion about Anglo-Saxon tastes and values (7 points).

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Feature Why is it pleasing? What values are reflected?

Boastful speeches Makes the hero seem superhuman

Great hero

Lots of action

Good Triumphs over evil

(3 points) Anglo Saxons had a _________________ culture. What details reveal the importance of pagan warrior values in Beowulf such as a belief in fate, a taste of boasting, a pride in loyalty, and a desire for fame?

Extra Credit Assignment:Epics: Because epics have been used the world over to preserve values and traditions, they are a rich resource for exploring world cultures. Your extra credit assignment is to gather information on ONE of these epics and prepare and oral report of your findings for the class. You must fill in the chart below (on a separate sheet of paper) for the epic and must share it with the class to receive the 15 point extra credit coupon. It’s all or nothing. You must commit to the EC assignment by Friday. DO NOT BACK OUT. Possible epic Country of origin Possible epic Country of originKalevala Finland Sundiata MaliChanson de Roland France Volsunga Saga NorwayRamayana and Mahabharata India Maui PolynesiaOrland Furioso Italy The Aeneid RomeHeike Monogatari Japan Poema del Cid Spain

Epic I have chosenReason I chose this epicSource of information for epicBrief summary of epic in my own wordsMost interesting thing I learnedWhy are epics used to preserve values and traditions (your opinion)

The Once and Future KingCarmichael English IV: British Legends Page 8 of 19

In the box below, write everything you know about King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. This can be anything from people to events; it can be modern interpretations or old; it can include what you know about heroism and chivalry; it can even include what you know about other legends or stories that take its lead from King Arthur (ie. Monty Python and the Holy Grail, King Arthur, First Knight, and other movies of our time). The box should be FULL and not because you wrote really big! (5 points)

Read pages 160-161 in your textbook and define the following terms (3 points) Code of chivalry: Legend: Medieval romance:

Read the below article and annotate by underlining important words and phrases; looking up important words; and making connections between what you wrote in the box and what is in the article (an example is done for you.

The Code of Chivalry Read over these commandments from Chivalry by Leon Gautier and describe on a separate sheet the way you have seen one of these played out in real life. This should be several well formed sentences (5 points)

The 10 commandments of the Code of Chivalry:I. Thou shalt believe all that the Church teaches, and shalt observe all its directions. (You should obey the church and follow its laws)

II. Thou shalt defend the Church. III. Thou shalt repect all weaknesses, and shalt constitute thyself the defender of them. (Respect and defend

weaknesses)IV. Thou shalt love the country in which thou wast born. (Love your home country)V. Thou shalt not recoil before thine enemy. (Never back down from your enemy)

VI. Thou shalt make war against the Infidel without cessation, and without mercy. (Always make war against those who do not defend the Church and show no mercy)

VII. Thou shalt perform scrupulously thy feudal duties, if they be not contrary to the laws of God. (Perform all your duties according to the law of the land as long as they do not go against the laws of God)

VIII. Thou shalt never lie, and shall remain faithful to thy pledged word. (Don’t lie or go back on your word)IX. Thou shalt be generous, and give largess to everyone. (Be generous and giving to everyone)X. Thou shalt be everywhere and always the champion of the Right and the Good against Injustice and Evil.

(do what is right and fight against what is evil.)

In one or two sentences summarize what you found in the clip in relation to the Code of Chivalry (2 points):

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King Arthur is a legend

(From King Arthur, His Knights, and Their Ladies by Johanna Johnston) Was there ever a real King Arthur? Historians say yes, but not the one of the legends and

stories. Back in the sixth century A. D., after the Romans had quit the British Isles because of their own troubles back home in Italy, Britain became a crazy quilt of little kingdoms, each rules by its own despotic king or chieftain.

Then, somewhere in the land, a strong chieftain appeared who managed to weld some of the little kingdoms together, repel the advances of Saxon invaders to the south, and make a larger kingdom called England.

There are some scholars who suggest that this chieftain or king was not a Briton but a Roman, Cassius Arturus. But no one knows for sure.

Whoever he was exactly, he was obviously the sort of leader around whom legends cluster. Through the years, and then through the centuries, people told each other stories about Arthur, giving him credit for all sorts of brave deeds, making him the focal figure of any exciting story of war or magic or romance, and changing the background details to make them contemporary and familiar.

About the beginning of the Middle Ages, in the 12th century, a man named Geoffrey on Monmouth wrote down what he called the history of Arthur. It was a hodgepodge of all the tales and legends that had grown up over the years around the name of Arthur.

In 1470, Sir Thomas Malory wrote out the whole Arthurian story once again, changing it, rearranging it, and adding bits and pieces from all the versions he had heard. He set the story in the early Middle Ages and he was the one who made Arthur the father of chivalry.

Annotations (5 points)o Legend of unknown

origin—creates a lot of hype!

(18 points)Biography of King Arthur: An IntroductionBefore Viewing:

1. What does it mean to embellish something? Why do we embellish stories? During Viewing

1. How long ago was Arthur born? 2. Why does Merlin raise Arthur? 3. In what year did the Norman Conquests inspire the turning point and recording of the Arthurian

tales? 4. What is Merlin? 5. What is Merlin’s fate?6. Why is Arthur made king? 7. Why does Merlin try to dissuade Arthur from marrying Guinevere? 8. What does the cross-hilt of the sword represent to a knight? 9. Who gives Arthur his second sword? 10. What is Avalon?11. What’s the name of Arthur’s second sword? 12. Why is the scabbard of this sword important? 13. Who is Mordred? 14. Who is Morgan le Fey? 15. Who will be the last to come to the round table? 16. What’s the name of Arthur’s kingdom?17. Where odes Arthur go to see the lady of the lake and to ge this wounds healed? 18. Who brings Lancelot to Arthur? 19. Who heals the dying knight? 20. On Lancelot’s trip away from Camelot, he defeats what enemy for King Pellas? 21. What does Lancelot see after defeating this enemy? 22. Who is Elaine? 23. What happens to Elaine? 24. What quest can only Galahad fulfill? 25. Who is the greatest knight? 26. Why doesn’t Galahad return to Camelot after seeing the Grail and Jesus? 27. Why did the story of the Grail emerge? 28. Who wrote the most complete version of the Arthurian legends? 29. Who tells Arthur about the Affair of Lancelot and Guinevere? 30. What is the punishment for adultery? 31. Where does Lancelot go after the battle at his castle? 32. Who takes over England in Arthur’s absence? 33. Who kills Arthur? 34. Who gets to keep Excalibur? 35. Where does Arthur go when he dies?36. Who is the last knight of the Round Table living?

Carmichael English IV: British Legends Page 10 of 19

I Am Mordred: As you are reading this short novel INDEPENDENTLY, you must answer the essential questions below. Use the “things to think about” column to help guide your reading. Your answers must be FULLY DEVELOPED and show evidence of thought and effort. Your requirements are as follows:

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Points PossibleAnswers to all essential questions (Answers the EQ definitively including personal feelings and examples in several well formed sentences) 6 (x6) points

Quality of EQ Answers (addresses personal feelings, uses examples outside the text, uses examples inside the text) 12 points

Accuracy of Answer/Responses 12 pointsTotal Points: 60The good: Answer to EQ : Does a king or leader have the right to operate on a separate moral code than the people (ie: murdering babies to save a kingdom; lying to the public to prevent panic etc.)? NO! A king or leader is simply a person who has been elected or appointed to REPRESENT the people, not to terrorize them. Take Hitler for example. Hitler was a leader. The people trusted in his judgment and gave him the power to control not only the government, but the military, education, clubs, social events, and eventually even life itself. He created his own moral code and ignored society’s rules and expectations leading to the world’s bloodiest war and the deaths of millions of innocent people. King Arthur abused his power too. Killing even one baby was a mistake, but by killing 80 babies he made himself into a monster, and in a way added to his own destiny rather than escaping from it as he hoped. Arthur had no right to do this. He may have been the leader of his people, but his life is no more valuable than the many babies he felt the right to destroy.

The bad: Answer to EQ : Does a king or leader have the right to operate on a separate moral code than the people (ie: murdering babies to save a kingdom; lying to the public to prevent panic etc.)? No. that’s stupid. People should be the same.

PrologueThings to think about: Who is Merlin? Who is the King? What is the King doing? What is the purpose of Merlin's decree? Do you think it will work? What can you connections can you make to this (think outside the text; personal experiences or other readings etc.)

Essential Question: Does a king or leader have the right to operate on a separate moral code than the people (ie: murdering babies to save a kingdom; lying to the public to prevent panic etc.) ?

Book 1: The White Shadow

Things to think about: Who is Nyneve? Why does she want to save Mordred? Why does she want him to remember seeing the white stag being chased by black hounds (think symbolism!!)? How is Mordred treated at Lothian? Why? What is important about Gull? What does Mordred discover about himself and his past? What does Mordred want most?

Essential Question:Can a person be good and evil at the same time, or are people either good OR evil as archetypes suggest?

Book 2: The White Stag

Things to think about: What is special about Camelot? What does this tell you about Mordred's fate? How is Mordred treated at Camelot by the King? By his brothers? By the people? Is his treatment fair? What does Gawain make Mordred promise? Why? Why is Gawain favored by the king? Is the picture of Gawain consistent with whay we know of him? Why/Why not? Can you both love and hate someone? What is considered honorable in this society? What is Mordred's quest?

Essential Question:Should kings and leaders be held responsible for their actions, or does their duty override their responsibility? (see page 71)

Book 3: The White Falcon

Things to think about: What are some challenges Mordred faces? What is his first stop? What does he learn? Why does he go to see Morgan le Fey? What does she reveal? Who helps him escape? Where does he go next? What does he learn about himself? What happens when he returns for Lynette? Why does he decide he needs to see Merlin? What are the consequences of this action?

Essential Question:What is more dangerous: fate, greed, lust, or fear?

Book 4: The Raven

Things to think about: Why can't King Arthur heal Mordred or Guinevere? How and why does Mordred change? What does he ask of the blind harper? How is his request fulfilled? Why does King Arthur disappear on May day every year? What does this tell you about him?

Essential Question:How does friendship create or destroy hope?

EpilogueThings to think about: What events lead up to the final battle? How does this compare to the two versions of Le Morte de Artur? Is fate fulfilled or thwarted? Explain.

Essential Question:Do people control fate (free will) or does fate control people (destiny)?

THE APPOSITIVE PHRASE An appositive is a word placed after another word to explain or identify it. The appositive always appears after the word it explains or identifies. It is always a noun or a pronoun, and the word it explains is also a noun or pronoun. Carmichael English IV: British Legends Page 12 of 19

ex. My uncle, a lawyer , is visiting us. My teacher, Miss Marshall, is very strict.

An appositive phrase consists of the appositive and its modifiers which may themselves be phrases. ex. My radio, an old portable, is in the repair shop.

The boys climbed the mountain, one of the highest in the West. THE COMMA SPLICE

A comma splice occurs when a comma is placed between two complete sentences. A comma splice is grammatically incorrect, and should be avoided! To fix a comma splice, you can either: (1) split the two independent clauses into two separate sentences separated by a period; (2) replace the comma with a semi-colon; (3) add an appropriate conjunction (and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet).

Ex. Comma Splice: Amy and I quickly ate at the sandwich shop on campus, we hurried to class afterward. (1)Correct: Amy and I quickly ate at the sandwich shop on campus. We hurried to class afterward. (2)Correct: Amy and I quickly ate at the sandwich shop on campus; we hurried to class afterward.(3)Correct: Amy and I quickly ate at the sandwich shop on campus, and we hurried to class afterward.

(4 points) Identify whether the following sentences are comma splices (CS) or appositive phrases (AP)

1. ___King Arthur is a legendary hero, he may or may not really exist. 2. ___ King Arthur, a legendary hero, may or may not really exist. 3. ___ The knights of the round table are legendary, King Arthur invented the concept. 4. ___King Arthur invented the round table, however, others have used the concept in modern times. 5. ___Knights followed a clear code of chivalry, honorable ideals. 6. ___ Gawain, Arthur’s loyal Nephew, is tested by three challenges. 7. ___Heroes come in all shapes and sizes, some are Kings and others are more common.

(2 points) Now, correct all the comma splices in 1-7:

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

(4 points) Summarize what you know about King Arthur using at least 2 appositive phrases.

BOB AND WHEEL: in alliterative verse, a group of typically five rhymed lines following a section of unrhymed lines, often at the end of a strophe. The bob is the first line in the group and is shorter than the rest; the wheel is the quatrain that follows the bob. The bob-and-wheel is a structural device common in the Pearl Poet's poetry. The example below comes from the first stanza of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. The bob appears in red , and the wheel appears in blue. Alliterative components are in bold print, and rhyming components are in italic print.

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Sithen the sege and the assut was sesed at Troye,

The borgh brittened and brent to brondes and askes,The tulk that the trammes of tresoun ther wroghtWas tried for his tricherie, the trewest on erthe--

Hit was Ennias the athel and highe kynde,That sithen depreced provinces and patrounes bicome

Welneghe of al the wele in the west iles.Fro riche Romulus to Rome ricchis hym swythe,

With gret bobbaunce that burghe he biges upon fyrst,And nevenes hit his aune nome, as hit now hat.

Ticius to Tuskan and teldes bigynnes,Langaberde in Lumbardie lyftes up homes,And fer over the French flod Felix Brutus

On mony bonkkes ful brode Bretayn he settes w ith w ynne ,

Where werre and wrake and wonderBi sythes has wont therinne,

And oft bothe blysse and blunderFul skete has skyfted synne.

(10 points) FIND THE BOB/WHEEL AND ALLITERATION!The head was hewn off and fell to the floor;Many found it at their feet, as forth it rolled;

200The blood gushed from the body, bright on the green,Yet fell not the fellow, nor faltered a whit,

But stoutly he starts forth upon stiff shanks,And as all stood staring he stretched forth his hand,

Laid hold of his head and heaved it aloft,205Then goes to the green steed, grasps the bridle,

Steps into the stirrup, bestrides his mount,And his head by the hair in his hand holds,And as steady he sits in the stately saddle

As he had met with no mishap, nor missing were his head.210His bulk about he haled,

That fearsome body that bled;There were many in the court that quailed

Before all his say was said.

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Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

One day a strange knight arrives in Arthur’s court.

He offers a Game:A

Head

for none rise.A Head

Are you not MEN!!!??? Is this not the home of the legendary Arthur and his knights???

ASHAMED & ENRAGED

Arthur s t e p s

FORWARD.

“May this melee mine!” finally speaks the CHIVALROUS GAWAIN, who always shows:

• Faith• Courage• Justice• Mercy• Generosity• Nobility

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• Hope

After taking the blow of the AX, the Green Knight s t um b l e

s and rides o f f.

“In 12 MONTHS… ARRIVE!” the green knight warns.

and the brave knight does.

__________________________

Of the blows:- Gawain’s shoulders did shrink at first. - No harm done... just a scratch!

It was all HIS plan. The temptation. The test. The game. The girdle.

But why?Well, the Green Knight = God?

“Deliver me my destiny”Devil? “The devil himself” “The fiend”Judge? “it seems your word holds good!” Just a Giant Green Knight?

The Great Gawain and Green Knight Debate!Your task is simple! Answer the essential question: Who—or what—is the Green Knight? You will be assigned a party involved in the story and your group must design an argument proving that the Green Knight is who you say. If you are not in a group designing an argument, you will either be assigned as a judge or jury. The judges will decide on the winner of the debate while the jury will ask questions the groups will have to answer to defend their groups’ argument.

Each group will have …30 seconds to introduce their party 2.5 minutes to present arguments1 minute to conclude4 minutes for answering questions.

Make sure you are concise but convincing. You will be cut off after 8 minutes are complete. The judges will let you know when it time is running out. Make sure everyone in your group has a role and participates (ex. 1 person introduces, 2 people split the debate, 1 person concludes and 1 person answers questions).

Group 1 arguing that The Green Knight is a Demon

Group 2 arguing that The Green Knight is a God

Group 3 arguing that The Green Knight is a Judge

Group 4 arguing that The Green Knight is just a Green Knight

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Remember: arguments are stronger with solid evidence from the text!

Group 5 designing and asking questions for each group (JURY)—must have at least 2 questions per group

Group 6 judging the outcome and creating a unified rubric for how they are going to determine the winner—must be

approved by Ms. Carmichael (JUDGES)—rubric must have at least 5 qualities to judge by and 4 levels of judgement-Make sure you have evidence to back up your argument, but also make sure that it is concise. You only have 2.5 minutes to make an impression on the judges so you need to make sure that you are well versed in your ideas. You may want to use note cards to help your remember all your valid points.

For example: if you are arguing that the Green Knight is just a Green Knight you might explain that legends are always filled with mythical creatures, so it is not illogical to assume that the Green Knight is just another one of these creatures sent by the Gods to test the hero. You would then cite specific examples from the text—or other texts (like Beowulf)—to support your argument

If you are the person designated to answer questions, you want to make sure you anticipate the questions they might ask you. So for the example given above, you might anticipate that someone would ask you about the shape-shifting nature of the Green Knight and how that affects his ability to just be a Green Knight

-The questions you design should not be the “who, what, when, where” kind. You need to make sure you are designing “how and why” questions. You need to anticipate what the groups may argue about their assigned person and design a counter argument they would need to defend.

For example: the group arguing that the Green Knight is a God might try to argue that the Green Knight was simply testing Arthur and Gawain for their own chivalry. Your challenging question might be “Why does God care about the codes of chivalry?”

-You need to decide what you are looking for before you actually begin judging something. So what makes for a good debate? To win in a debate you need to look at the content of a speech as well as the way it is delivered. It is up to you as groups to discuss and design a grading scale that you all agree to use as you are listening to the debates. Look at some of the paper rubrics I have given you to make sure you design it in the right way. Make sure you think about the requirements as well (time limits etc).

Review For Heroism/Humility Unit TestBackground

English Language & Evolution

Group Dates Location QualitiesPre Anglo Saxon (Celts

vs. Brythons)

Romans

Anglo-Saxons

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How to design an effective argument:

How to design an effective challenging question:

How to design a rubric:

Group Christianity PaganismAnglo-Saxons

Beowulf

Arthurian Legends

Story Background

Characterization Important actions

Symbols Displays of Heroism

Beowulf

Grendel

Grendel’s mom

Wiglaf

Gawain

Green Knight

Arthur

Bedivere

Epic Hero Cycle Romantic Hero Elements

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1. 1.

2. 3.

2.

4. 5. 3.

6. 7.

4.

8.

5.

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