Brinjal / Eggplant (Solanum melongina L. )
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Brinjal (Eggplant) Solanum melongina L
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This presentation is done by Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Fruit & Vegetable production”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.
Transcript of Brinjal / Eggplant (Solanum melongina L. )
Brinjal (Eggplant)
Solanum melongina L
O Brinjal (Eggplant)
O Family: SolanaceaeO Botanical Name: Solanum melongina L
O It covers second large extent after curry bananaO hardy plant compared to other vegetables grown in Sri-
Lanka,Grown in very dry areas under rain-fed conditions or with minimum irrigation facilities
O can be kept for more than one year in production by pruning at the end of the harvesting season
O This crop can be grown through out the year in all Agro-climatic regions except up country-wet zone
O Grows well up to an elevation of about 1300m O low country wet zone, Intermediate, up country
intermediate and dry zoneO Eggplant is tolerant to drought
Well drain pH of 5.5-5.8 are more suitable
O The fruit color varies from pure white to dark purple or black in different varieties
O The national average yield of brinjal - 7.38 t /ha in Sri LankaO The national average yield in world - 13.7 t/ha and 12.3 t / ha in Asia
Recommended Varieties
O Anjalee (F1 hybrid)
O Flowers are purple in colourO Anthocyanin deposited in ribsO Purple coloured fruits; Resistance to Bacterial WiltO Most applicable for wet and dry zonesO Fruit weight is about 80-110g and 20 cm in lengthO Yield 30 -40 tons/ Ha with irrigation facilities
Amanda ((F1 hybrid)
O Flowers are purple in colour and high number of flowers O Leaf blades are purple mixed green in colourO Anthocyanin moderately deposited in ribsO Fruit weight is about 75-100g and 15 cm in lengthO Cylindrical shape, purplish pink colour fruitsO Moderately resistant to bacterial wiltO Yield 30 -35 tons/ Ha with irrigation facilities
SM- 64
O Anthocyanin moderately deposited in stemO Flowers are light purple in colourO Moderately resistant to bacterial wiltO Most applicable for wet and dry zonesO Cylindrical shaped, light purple colour, medium sized
fruitsO Yield 15-18 tons/ha with the irrigation facilities
Thinnavelli Purple
O Cylindrical shaped, dark purple fruits, susceptible to Bacterial Wilt
O Anthocyanin well deposited in stemO Leaf blades are purple mixed green in colour
(bright dark purple)
Padagoda (BW 11)
O Flowers are light purple in colourO Stem and ribs are in green colourO Resistant to bacterial wiltO Cylindrical shaped; the fruit has light purple lines
on a white backgroundO Anthocyanin moderately deposited in stemO Most applicable for wet and intermediate zones
Nursery ManagementO Direct seeding is not practiced due to the small size of
the seedsO Twenty nursery beds of 3x 1 m are required to raised
seedlings for 1 haO Soils should be worked to a fine tilthO height of 15-20cmO Incorporate well decomposed organic matter at the
rate of 3-4 kg/m2
O Sterile seedbeds by burning (straw and paddy husk)O Treat seeds with a recommended fungicide such as Captan
or Thiram at the rate of 2g/100g of seedO Seed should be planted in beds
10-15 cm apart depth of 0.5 to 1 cm and cover with a thin
layer of soilO Spread a layer of straw mulch over beds and water daily
O Remove the mulch when the germination is completeO Avoid exposure to heavy rains and to prolong sunlightO Harden seedlings ,exposing them to sunlight and
increasing irrigation intervals for one week before planting
O Seedlings are ready to transplant after 21 daysO Seed Requirement: 250 g/ha
Time of plantingO Maha- November and DecemberO Yala- April to MayO (Avoid planting during heavy rains)O Nursery should be laid one month before
planting
Land preparationO Plough the field to a depth of 15-30cmO prepare Planting holes - 30 x 30 x 30cmO Incorporate organic matter - 6-12t/haO Level the areaO Establish drains across slopes to ensure good
drainageO Avoid field cropped with Solanaceous crops in
the previous season Bacterial wilt
Planting and SpacingO Optimum spacing is 90 x 60cm with one
plant/hillO transplanting,
OHealthy seedlings aged 25 to 30 daysO four fully expanded leaves
O ransplant in the evening to avoid mid day wilt
Fertilizer application (kg/ha)
UREA UREA TSP MOP
Basal 75 325 85
Top Dressing-1(1MAP) 75 --- ---
Top Dressing-2 (2MAP) 75 --- 85
Top Dressing-3 (3MAP) 75 --- ---
Major DiseaseO Damping offO Bacterial wiltO Foot RotDamping Off
Causal Agents: Fusarium spp Pythium spp Phytopthora spp Rhizoctonia spp
O Seed treatments will effectively control this diseaseO Eg: CaptanO ThiramO Chlorothalonil Bacterial wilt
Insect PestsO Mites O Hoppers
HarvestingO Harvesting about 75 days after transplantingO Ten to twelve picks at weekly intervals are
possibleO Yield can be varied with the variety and
climatic conditionO Main crop - 20-25t/ha
Value added products
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