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Bringing together Smart Things and People to realize Smarter Environments

Villanova University, Philadelphia, 9 November 2017, 11:30-12:30

Dr. Diego López-de-Ipiña González-de-Artazadipina@deusto.es

http://paginaspersonales.deusto.es/dipinahttp://www.morelab.deusto.es

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Human-centred UbiComp as a tool to tackle Societal Challenges

is for

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From UbiComp … to SmarterEnvironments (1998-2017)

• UbiComp

– Context-aware Computing

– Sentient Computing

• AmI: Human-centred UbiComp

• AAL: Ambient Assisted Living

• Internet of Everything

• Human-empowered Smarter Environments

– Smart offices, Industry 4.0, Smart Cities and so on

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Towards Smarter Environments

• A Smarter Environment is an ecosystem where “augmented things” and better informed empowered people collaborate and adapt their behaviour to address the environments and their occupants’ objectives

– They are instances of what could be termed as Human-centred Ubiquitous Computing

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Smart Environments enabling Equation

• Bringing together Smart Things and People to realize Smarter Environments

–BUT, how do we build Smart Environments?

• Mainly applying three steps which assemble the UbiComp-enabling equation always mediated by People:

SENSE + PROCESS = ACT

sense & interact

process/analyse data, intentions

reacting/anticipating

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Barriers for Smarter Environments

• What are the endemic problem(s) of Smart Environments (SEs) precluding their wider deployment?

– Many factors but 2 very remarkable ones are ...• “unfortunate” high demand on infrastructural support!!!

– Sensors & Actuators

– Automation buses and protocols

– Wireless communication links

– Middleware

– Context modelling and Reasoning engines

– And so on and so forth ...

• Lower than needed involvement of users!!!

– Traditionally too centred on technology, i.e. devices before people

– SEs are impossible without better informed more engaged users

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Research Motivation• Given that Smart Environments are not possible without infrastructure &

empowered people ...

– How do we alleviate these “unfortunate” needs?

• Our approach/research aim:

– Use and adapt low-cost off-the-shelf hardware infrastructure and combine itwith intelligent middleware and interaction (persuasion) techniques to make“any” environment and their inhabitants appear “intelligent”

• This talk describes several iterative research efforts towards

democratization of Smarter Environments:

– Iteration 1: Build your own sensing and reasoning infrastructure

– Iteration 2: Concentrate on explicit user-environment interaction

– Iteration 3: Leverage from Web technologies and map them to AmI

– Iteration 4: Enable Dynamic, Flexible & Affordable Smart Environments applied to AAL

– Iteration 5: Towards Smart Cities through Web of Data and IoT

– Iteration 6: Exploring Smarter Sustainable People-empowered environments

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Smart Things for the SENSE part

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Internet of Things (IoT)

• There will be around 25 billion devices connected to theInternet by 2015, 50 billion by 2020

– A dynamic and universal network where billions of identifiable“things” (e.g. devices, people, applications, etc.) communicatewith one another anytime anywhere; things become context-aware, are able to configure themselves and exchangeinformation, and show “intelligence/cognitive” behaviour

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Personal sensing: SmartWatch & Health-promoting Data Devices

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• Quantified self is self-knowledge through self-tracking with technology

– Movement to incorporate technology into data acquisition on aspects of a person's daily life in terms of inputs (e.g. food consumed, quality of surrounding air), states (e.g. mood, arousal, blood oxygen levels), and performance (mental and physical)

• Self-monitoring and self-sensing through wearable sensors (EEG, ECG, video, etc.) and wearable computing lifelogging

• Application areas:

– Health and wellness improvement

– Improve personal or professional productivity

• Products and companies:

– Apple Watch, Fitbit tracker, Jawbone UP, Pebble, Withings scale

Quantified Self & Life Logging

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Advanced Interaction: role of interaction within the SENSE part

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Visual Computing: Google Glass• It aimed to produce a mass selling Ubiquitous

Computer

– It was launched in 2013 for a price around 1500$

• It shows available info without using hands

– Accesses Internet through voice commands in a comparable manner to Google Now

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Audible Computing• Configuring as default Interface for the IoT

– Underlying virtual assistants might be the average user’s primary interface with the IoT

• Amazon Echo

– Alexa API • Google Home

– Features

• Apple AirPods

– Comparison

• Google Pixel Buds

– Features

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Touch & Proximity Computing:From NFC to beacons

• NFC enabled Touch Computing but with slow adoption rate– Solved by its integration into Android devices

• Beacons did not match the high initial expectations but streamlined proximity computing

• There is the chance to mix both approaches– Some providers, e.g Estimote, have updated their Bluetooth proximity

beacons by adding programmable NFC

• NFC & Beacons make identification and discovery of Smart Objects possible to enable Real-world Internet

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Implication of SENSE + PROCESS in order to enACT actions

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Personal Data• Defined as "any information

relating to an identified or identifiable natural person ("data subject")”

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PROCESS part• Typically knowledge-based vs. data-based analytics

approaches for sensing and context data have been confronted

• Simply explained:

– Knowledge-based models use rules to model behaviour with the support of an expert

• Effective but inflexible

– Somehow alleviated by using probability and fuzzy logic supporting DSS

– Data-driven models use different techniques, e.g. statistical methods to correlate in time and space events to determine activities

• Flexible but sometimes hard to explain results

– Hybrid-analytical approaches has been the approach followed to tackle the INTELLIGENCE, i.e. PROCESS part of UbiComp

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Towards Smarter Environments: iteration 1Build your own essential sensing and reasoning infrastructure (1998-2002)

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Location-sensing and Middleware support for Sentient Computing

• Goals:– build Sentient Spaces = computerised environments that sense & react

– close gap between user and computer by using context

– make ubiquitous computing reality through Sentient Computing• by building your own low cost easily deployable infrastructure to make it

feasible!!!

• Developed during PhD research in University of Cambridge– http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/dtg/

– Supervised by Prof. Andy Hopper

Laboratory for Communications Engineering (LCE)

Cambridge University Engineering Department

England, UK

AT&T Laboratories

CambridgeBasque Government

Education Department

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Sentient Computing

• Sentient Computing = computers + sensors + rules:– distributed sensors capture context, e.g. temperature, identity,

location, etc

– rules model how computers react to the stimuli provided by sensors

– 3 phases: (1) context capture, (2) context interpretation and (3) action triggering

• To make viable widespread adoption of Sentient Computingthrough:– location sensor deployable everywhere and for everyone

– middleware support for easier sentient application development:• rule-based monitoring of contextual events and associated reactions

• user-bound service lifecycle control to assist in action triggering

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TRIP: a Vision-based Location Sensor

• TRIP (Target Recognition using Image Processing):– identifies and locates tagged objects in the field of view of a camera

• Requires:– off-the-shelf technology: cameras+PC+printer

– specially designed 2-D circular markers

– use of well-known Image Processing and Computer Vision algorithms

• Cheap, easily deployable can tag everything:– e.g. people, computers, books, stapler, etc

• Provides accurate 3-D pose of objects within 3 cm and 2° error

“Develop an easily-deployable location sensor technology with

minimum hardware requirements and a low price”

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TRIPcode 2-D Marker

• 2-D barcode with ternary code

• Easy to identify bull’s-eye:– invariant with respect to:

• Rotation

• Perspective

– high contrast

• 2 16 bit code encoding rings:– 1 sector synchronisation

– 2 for even parity checking

– 4 for bull’s-eye radius encoding

– 39 = 19,683 valid codes

* 10 2011 221210001TRIPcode of radius 58mm and ID

18,795

1

2 0

sync sector

radius encoding sectors

even-parity sectors

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Target Recognition ProcessStage 0: Grab Frame Stage 1: Binarization Stage 2: Binary Edge Detection

Stage 3: Edge Following &

Filtering

Stages 4-7: Ellipse Fitting, Ellipse Concentricity Test,

Code Deciphering and POSE_FROM_TRIPTAG

method

Ellipse params:

x (335.432), y (416.361) pixel coords

a (8.9977), b (7.47734) pixel coords

(15.91) degrees

Bull’s-eye radius: 0120 (15 mm)

TRIPcode: 002200000 (1,944)

Translation Vector (meters):

(Tx=0.0329608, Ty=0.043217, Tz=3.06935)

Target Plane Orientation angles (degrees):

(=-7.9175, =-32.1995, =-8.45592)

d2Target: 3.06983 meters

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A Rule Paradigm for Sentient Computing

• Sentient systems are reactive systems that perform actions in response to contextual events – Respond to the stimuli provided by distributed sensors by triggering

actions to satisfy the user’s expectations based on their current context, e.g. their identity, location or current activity

• Issues:– Development of even simple sentient application usually involves the

correlation of inputs provided from diverse context sources

• Observation:– Modus operandi of sentient applications: Wait until a pre-defined

situation (a composite event pattern) is matched to trigger an action

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ECA Rule Matching Engine• Sentient Applications respond to an ECA model:

– monitor contextual events coming from diverse sources

– correlate events to determine when a contextual situation occurs:• e.g. IF two or more people in meeting room + sound level high THEN

meeting on

– ineffective to force every app to handle same behaviour separately

• Solution ECA Rule Matching Service:– accepts rules specified by the user in the ECA language

<rule> ::= {<event-pattern-list> => <action-list> }

– automatically registers with the necessary event sources

– notifies clients with aggregated or composite events or executes actions when rules fire:• aggregated event = new event summarizing a situation

• composite event = batch of events corresponding to a situation

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Building a Sentient Jukebox with ECA Service

within 15000 {/* Enforce events occur in 15 secs time span*/query PCMonitor$logged_in(user ?userID, host ?hostID) and test(dayofweek = "Monday") andLocation$presence(user ?userID) before/* a presence event must occur before any event on its RHS */((PCMonitor$keyboard_activity(host ?hostID, intensity ?i) and test(?i > 0.3)) or(query WeatherMonitor$report(raining ?rainIntensity) and test(?rainIntensity > 0.2)))

=>notifyEvent(Jukebox$play_music(?userID, ?hostID, "ROCK"));

}

“If it is Monday, a lab member is logged in and either he is working or it is

raining outside, then play some cheerful music to raise the user’s spirits”

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LCE Active TRIPboard

• Augments whiteboard with interactive commands issued by placing special ringcodes in view of a camera observing whiteboard

• Activated by LocALE when person enters room or through web interface• Registers rules with the ECA Rule Matching Server:

Location$TRIPevent(TRIPcode 52491, cameraID“MeetingRoomCam”) and

Location$presence(user ?userID, room “LCE Meeting Room”) => notifyEvent(CaptureSnapshotEvent(“MeetingRoomCam”, ?userID))

• By means of LocALE, application’s TRIParser component is:– created in a load-balanced way by randomly selecting one host in a hostGroup– fault-tolerance by recreation of failed recogniser in another host

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Towards Smarter Environments: iteration 2Concentrate on explicit mobile-mediated user-environment interaction (2004-2006)

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Mobile-mediated Human Environment Interaction

• Mobile devices were mainly used for communication, entertainment or as electronic assistants

• However, their increasing …– Computational power

– Storage

– Communications (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPRS)

– Multimedia capabilities (Camera, RFID reader)

• Has made them ideal to act as intermediaries between us and environment:– Aware (Sentient) Devices

– Powerful devices

– Always with us anywhere at anytime

• Our mobile devices can turn into our UbiComp wand!!!

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EMI2lets Platform I

• EMI2lets is a middleware to facilitate the development and deployment of mobile context-aware applications for AmI spaces.

• Software platform to:

– convert physical environments into Smart Environments (SEs)• augment daily life objects with computational services

– transform mobile devices into Smart Object remote controllers

Presented in UCAmI 2005

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EMI2lets Platform II

• EMI2lets is an SE-enabling middleware

– addresses the service discovery and interaction aspects required for active influence on EMI2Objects

• Follows a Jini-like mechanism and Smart Client paradigm

– once an object is discovered, a proxy of it (an EMI2let) is downloaded into the user’s device (EMI2Proxy).

– An EMI2let is a mobile component transferred from a Smart Object to a nearby handheld device, which offers a graphical interface for the user to interact over that Smart Object

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EMI2lets Deployment

EM

I2le

t Fra

me

wo

rk

Handheld device(PDA,mobile phone)

EMI2let

EMI2let runtime

EMI2let…EMI2let

Player

Handheld device(PDA,mobile phone)

EMI2let runtime

EMI2let…EMI2let

Player

Smart Object

EMI2letEMI2let

back-end

EMI2let ServerSmart Object

EMI2letEMI2let

back-end

EMI2let Server

…

EMI2letEMI2let

back-end

EMI2letEMI2let

back-end

…

EMI2let Server

EMI2letEMI2let

back-end

EMI2letEMI2let

back-end

…

EMI2let Server

…

EMI2let transfer

EMI2let transfer

EMI2let to back-end

communication

…

EM

I2le

t De

sig

ne

rE

MI2

let D

esig

ner

EMI2let

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EMI2lets Internal Architecture

EMI2let Abstract Programming Model API

Abstract-to-Concrete Mapping

EMI2Protocol over

Bluetooth RFCOMM

SOAP over Wi-Fi,

GPRS/UMTS or

Internet

TRIP-based Service

Discovery

UPnP Service

Discovery

RFID-based Service

Discovery

Bluetooth Service

Discovery (SDP)

Interaction

Mapping

Discovery

Mapping

Presentation

Mapping

Persistence

Mapping

…

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• We created EMI2lets for different application domains:– Accessibility: blind (bus stop), deaf (conference)– Home/office automation: comfort (lights),

entertainment (WMP), surveillance (camera)– Industry: robot– Public spaces: restaurant, parking, airport

EMI2lets Applications

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Towards Smarter Environments: iteration 3Easing SEs! Leverage from Web technologies (2007-08)

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Why to reinvent the wheel? Can UbiComp be enabled through Internet technologies?

• Issues impending Smart Environments wide deployment remain:– SEs are possible if and only if:

• Environments are heavily instrumented with sensors and actuators

– Besides, to develop UbiComp apps still very hard!

• Still, mobile devices enable interaction anywhere at anytime– User-controlled (explicit) & system-controlled (implicit)

• Is SEs possible without heavy and difficult instrumentation (or infrastructure-less)?– YES, IT SHOULD if we want to increase SE adoption!!!

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Research Aim• Aim

– Lower the barrier of developing and deploying context-aware applications in uncontrolled global environments• Not only my office, home, but what about my city, other

companies, shopping centres, and so on

• HOW?

– Converging mobile and ubiquitous computing with Web 2.0 into Mobile Ubiquitous Physical Web• Adding context-aware social annotation to physical objects and

locations in order to achieve Smart Environments

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• What does it do?– Annotate every physical object or spatial region with info

or services • Both indoors and outdoors

– Filter annotations associated to surrounding resources based on user context and keyword filtering

– Enable user interaction with the smart object and spatial regions both in a PUSH and PULL manner

• Requirement– Participation in a community of users interested in

publishing and consuming context-aware empowered annotations and services• It is not only necessary that technically is viable, engagement of

wide number of users needed!

Sentient Graffiti

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Architecture

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Multi-modal Interaction

• Sentient Graffiti simplifies human-to-environment interaction through four mobile mediated interaction modes:– Pointing – the user points his camera phone to a bi-dimensional visual

marker and obtains all the graffitis associated with it

– Touching – the user touches an RFID tag with a mobile RFID reader bound to a mobile through Bluetooth (or NFC mobile) and obtains the relevant graffitis

– Location-aware – mobiles equipped with a GPS in outdoor environments obtain the relevant nearby graffitis in a certain location range

– Proximity-aware –the device retrieves all the graffitis published in nearby accessible Bluetooth servers when it is in Bluetooth range

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• Available prototypes:– Marker-associated Graffitis: Virtual Notice Board

• Public/private graffitis, expiration time, remote review, user participation

– Bluetooth-range Graffitis: University Services Booth• Individual, group and private graffitis, tag-based (OPEN_DAY)

– Location-range Graffitis: Bus Alerter• Third-party SG clients

• Other possible applications:– City Tour: Bilbao_tourism Graffiti Domain– Conference: AmI-07 feedback, expiration after conference– Publicity: Graffiti expiration after N times– Friend meetings– Disco/stadium/office blogs

Application Types & Examples

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Marker-associated Graffitis: Virtual Notice Board

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Towards Smarter Environments: iteration 4Enable Dynamic, Flexible & Affordable Smart Environments applied to

AAL mixing Middleware & Semantic Web (2008-10)SmartLab: Semantic Dynamic Infrastructure for Intelligent Environments

ElderCare: An Interactive TV-based Ambient Assisted Living Platform

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SmartLab Solution

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Semantically-enhanced OSGiBundles

Chair_v1.0.0.jar

Context Description

Ontology Extensions

Behaviour Rules

Context Services

GUI WidgetJava X

Library

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Context Management• Context information modelled with an ontology

– Base core

– Time and space relations

– Events

• New services might extend the knowledge base– Classes and instances

– Behaviour rules

• Converts inferred information into OSGi events to which the different services can register.– React accordingly to specific events.

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Context Management• Two knowledge generation methods in SmartLab:

– Ontological reasoning

• Makes use of RDF (rdf:domain), RFS (rdfs:subPropertyOf) and OWL (owl:TransitiveProperty) predicates

• Allows to infer implicit knowledge

– Rule-based reasoning

• Allows defining relationship among entities in ontology

• Three types of inference:– Semantic rules – enable making ontological reasoning based on RDF

and OWL theoretical models

– Knowledge extraction rules – extract new knowledge from ontology’s implicit one

– Event-inferring rules – generate aggregated events from the context in the knowledge base

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Dynamic Affordable AAL Environments

• AAL offers ICT support towards a more autonomous living of elderly and dependant people

• However, there are several issues preventing a wider adoption of AAL:– ICT support is usually expensive and too complex to deploy

– Collectives such as care staff and relatives have often been neglected

– Care data management is often inadequate and out of time

– Offered interfaces are not suitable for elderly people

• TV is the most universal and accessible device to any elderly person!!

• Our goal:

– Devise a low-cost, easily deployable, usable, evolvable ICT infrastructure leading towards AAL for All

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ElderCare Platform

• So, are we ready to provide the AAL Kit?

– ElderCare = a minimum but sufficient set of off-the-shelf hardware and software infrastructure, which is:• Affordable: uses mass produced hardware. Our kit costs around

250€

• Unobtrusive: seamlessly integrated with furniture, elderly people are only required to wear silicon RFID tags

• Easily deployable both at homes and residences

• Usable and accessible by any user collective through iTV, RIA, NFC

• Evolvable – thanks to the adoption of OSGi, it copes with sensing and acting infrastructure and protocols (Zigbee, ANT, KNX and so on).

Presented in IWAAL 2010

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Interfaces

• ElderCare offers interfaces for three core collectives in AAL:

– Elderly people – by means of an interactive TV interface, a remote control or seamlessly integrated web objects

– Caretaking staff – request and register info through NFC mobiles and touch screens and access a RIA interface

– Relatives – follow elderly people’s life logs through RSS and microblogging, or access it through a RIA interface

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ElderCare Architecture

• Presents a distributed architecture with thefollowing three types of components:

1. Local Systems – AAL Kit instances deployed inresidence rooms or houses

2. Mobile Clients – allow recording care logs onRFID wristbands through NFC mobiles

3. Central Server for remote management andservice provisioning of remote local systems

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ElderCare Architecture

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ElderCare’s Local Systems

• Governed by an Equinox OSGi server managing services such as:

– TV tuner and widget manager (based on Mplayer)

– Home automation manager

– Alert manager

– Elderly vital sign monitor (Zephyr HxM biometric vest)

– Service Manager on top of BundleContext class

• Offers TV, IoT and RIA interfaces to control and manage accessibly services

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Local System’s TV Interface

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Mobile Client

• Care data management is inadequate:

– Relatives often do not have Internet access

– Staff report care details off-line, late and incompletely

– Residents do not always stay at the care centre

• We propose to record care logs in situ through an NFC mobile on an RFID tag

– The most recent and relevant care information, and medical profile remains with the patient at all time• 164 messages can be stored in an 4K RFID wristband which may be

enough for storing logs in a day

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Mobile Client’s User Interface

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Publishing Care Logs

• The ElderCare platform does not only record custom data to enhance the daily activities in a care centre but ...

– It also exports non privacy-invasive data to external services such as Twitter from which authorised followers can follow the lifelog of residents

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Publishing Care Logs

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Towards Smarter Environments: iteration 5Towards Smart Cities/Things mixing Web of Data and IoT (2010-13)

IES Cities: Internet Enabled Services for cities across EuropeSocial Coffee Machine (http://socialcoffee.morelab.deusto.es/)

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Society estimations by 2050

• Urban populations will grow by 2.3 billion

–70% of world’s population will live in cities

–People with disabilities make up about 15% (≃ 1 billion people), according to the Wold Health Organization

• People over the age of 60 is expected to triple, outnumbering children under 15 for the first time in human history

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What is a Smart City?

• A means of making available all the services and applications enabled by ICT to citizens, companies and authorities that are part of a city’s system.

– Not only enable more efficient and effective management of the city resources but increase comfort and satisfaction from all population sectors

• Enablers: Open Data + sensor networks + smartphones

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IES Cities Project

• The IES Cities project promotes user-centric mobile micro-services that exploit open data and generate user-supplied data– Hypothesis: Users may help on improving, extending

and enriching the open data in which micro-services are based

• Its platform aims to:– Enable user supplied data to complement, enrich and

enhance existing datasets about a city– Facilitate the generation of citizen-centric apps that

exploit urban data in different domains

European CIP project 2013-2016

http://iescities.eu

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IES Cities Stakeholders• Citizens:

– Users collaborate in the definition of the digital entity of the city.

– Citizen produce and consumes contents (super-prosumer concept).

• SMEs: – IES Cities will allow the creation of services benefiting the local

businesses.

• ICT-developing companies: – The platform will enable the chance to create new apps and services

based on user needs, bringing new possibilities and added value.

• Public administration: – The interaction with the users will enable them to improve and foster the

use of their deployed sensors in urban areas and open databases

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IES Cities Objectives• To create a new open-platform adapting the technologies and over taking

the knowledge from previous initiatives.

• To validate and test a set of predefined urban apps across the cities.

• To validate, analyse and retrieve technical feedback from the different pilots in order to detect and solve the major incidences of the technical solutions used in the cities.

• To adequately achieve engagement of users in the pilots and measure their acceptability during the validations.

• To maximize the impact of the project through adequate dissemination activities and publication of solutions upon a Dual-license model.

Presented in UCAmI 2015

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IES Cities Player

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Bristol’s Democratree App

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Bringing together IoT and Linked Data: Sustainable Linked Data Coffee Maker

• Hypothesis: “the active collaboration of people and Eco-aware everyday objects will enable a more sustainable/energy efficient use of the shared appliances within public spaces”

• Contribution: An augmented capsule-based coffee machine placed in a public spaces, e.g. research laboratory

– Continuously collects usage patterns to offer feedback to coffee consumers about the energy wasting and also, to intelligently adapt its operation to reduce wasted energy

• http://socialcoffee.morelab.deusto.es/

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Social + Sustainable + Persuasive + Cooperative + Linked Data Device

1. Social since it reports its energy consumptions via social networks, i.e. Twitter

2. Sustainable since it intelligently foresees when it should be switched on or off

3. Persuasive since it does not stay still, it reports misuse and motivates seductively usage corrections

4. Cooperative since it cooperates with other devices in order to accelerate the learning process

5. Linked Data Device, since it generates reusable energy consumption-related linked data interlinked with data from other domains that facilitates their exploitation

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Persuasive Interfaces to Promote Positive Behaviour Change

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Linked Data by IoT Devices• Modelling not only the sensors but also their features of

interest: spatial and temporal attributes, resources that provide their data, who operated on it, provenance and so on – With SSN, SWEET, SWRC, GeoNames, PROV-O, … vocabularies

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Towards Smarter Environments: iteration 6Towards Smarter Sustainable People-empowered environments (2014-17)

Smart Cities & Governance: WeLive & SIMPATICO H2020 projectSustainable Environments: GreenSoul

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Collective-awareness for Sustainability and Social Innovation

• Aims at designing and piloting online platforms creating awareness of sustainability problems and offering collaborative solutions based on networks (of people, of ideas, of sensors), enabling new forms of social innovation.

• Examples:– Open Democracy, Open Policy Making

– Collaborative/Shared Economy

– Collaborative making co-creation

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The need for Participative Cities

• Not enough with the traditional resource efficiency approach of Smart City initiatives

• “City appeal and dynamicity” will be key to attract and retain citizens, companies and tourists

• Only possible by user-driven and centric innovation:– The citizen should be heard, EMPOWERED!

» Urban apps to enhance the experience and interactions of the citizen, by taking advantage of the city infrastructure

– The information generated by cities and citizens must be linked and processed

» How do we correlate, link and exploit such humongous data for all stakeholders’ benefit?

• We should start talking about Big (Linked) Data

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From Open Data to Open Knowledge

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What´s WeLive (I)

A novel We-Government ecosystem of tools (Live) that is easily deployable in different PA and which promotes co-innovation and co-creation of personalised public services

through public-private partnerships and the empowerment of all stakeholders to actively take part in

the value-chain of a municipality or a territory

Open Data Open Services Open Innovation

H2020 project 2015-2017

http://welive.eu

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What´s WeLive (II)

Stakeholder Collaboration + Public-private Partnership

IDEAS >> APPLICATIONS >> MARKETPLACE

WeLive offers tools to transform the needs into ideas

Tools to select the best Ideas and create the B. Blocks

A way to compose the Building Blocks into mass

market Applications which can be exploited through

the marketplace

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WeLive Vision/Architecture

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What is Co-Creation? In the context of Open Government

• Co-creation is a management initiative, or form of economic strategy, that brings different parties together (for instance, a company and a group of customers), in order to jointly produce a mutually valued outcome– Seeks a consumer-centric view

• In the context of Open Government:

– Co-Creation means that “government and citizens initiate, design, or implement programs, projects, or activities together”

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Co-creation assets in WeLive

The methodological approach is based on four main concepts:

an emerging or existing NEED that a citizen submits tothe PA.

an open CHALLENGE call launched by the PA to involvethe users to participate to solve the reported need.

a possible solution IDEA proposed by a stakeholder tosolve a pending need or to address a challenge.

Resource /Artefact

ARTEFACT: useful web service (Building Block), opendata, web/mobile app, new policies, new docs publishedaddressing the challenge to be consumed by the users

WeLive platform

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CO-IDEATIONCO-

IMPLEMENTATIONCO-EXPLOITATION

URBAN APPS CO-CREATION

WeLive Co-creation Approach

• In WeLive, a three-step CO-CREATION approach is proposed where:

– Diverse stakeholders participate in distinct collaborative activities and events

– The whole process is assisted by https://dev.welive.eu/ platform and guided through diverse engagement activities

– NEEDs are mapped into IDEAS which are realized into ARTEFACTS: Mobile or Web Urban Apps or new policies or decisions

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WeLive Co-creation Process: CO-IDEATION

Ideation Board:

Collaborative tool to

map NEEDS into

CHALLENGES giving

place to IDEAS

CO-IDEATIONCouncil CHALLENGES +

Stakeholders’ NEEDs and comments

Refined Selected IDEAS

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CO-IDEATION can not be only techology driven,

supported by Game Designs, questionnaries,

focus groups

WeLive Co-creation Process: CO-IDEATION

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WeLive Co-creation Process: CO-IMPLEMENTATION

CO-IMPLEMENTATION

Artefacts Available in Service Catalogue(BBs, mashups, datasets) +

Ideas specification from Ideation Board

New Artefacts (BBs (Mashups), datasets, Apps + Mockups) published

in Services Catalogue

Service Composer:

Facilitates creation of

mash-ups (BBs)

WeLive RESTful API &

Developer’s documentation:

Programming API to access

WeLive capabilities

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CO-IMPLEMENTATION requires good

documentation, support, dynamization events

(hackathons)

WeLive Co-creation Process: CO-IMPLEMENTATION

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WeLive Co-creation Process: CO-EXPLOITATION

CO-EXPLOITATION: co-maintenance+ co-business +

co-exit

Artefacts published in Services Catalogue + Analytics dashboard

indicators & User feedback

Revenues for co-creators + Cloud Providers & Platform Manager fees + PA better public service to citizenship

Analytics Dashboard:

Review impact of

WeLive co-creation and

assets

Service Catalogue & CNS

Marketplace: Browse, select &

choose, use, install WeLive

artefacts

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WeLive Co-creation Process: CO-EXPLOITATION

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WeLive: Open Government Enabling Infrastructure

PARTICIPATION• Goes beyond co-Ideation enabling also

co-creation• Provides distinct interfaces to different

stakeholders, i.e. civil servants, citizens, SMEs, entrepreneurs/developers

• User and programming interface• Marketplace to foster public/private

partnerships

ACCOUNTABILITY• Allows tracing journey from NEEDs to

IDEAS into APPs composed of DATASETS and BUILDING BLOCKS

• Analytics dashboard enables to understand impact of platform and apps

• Integration with CNS Marketplace enables artefacts business model

INCLUSION• Multilingual interfaces• Wizard to post new ideas• Drag and drop interface to enable non-

programmers to assemble simple apps• CDV component enables to reuse

personal data across apps

TRANSPARENCY• Goes beyond Open Data portals• User-generated is also allowed to

complement public open data• From raw datasets into well-document

easy to consumed micro-services

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SIMPATICO

• Addresses the need to offer a more efficient and more effective experience to companies and citizens in their daily interaction with Public Administration (PA) – Providing a personalized delivery of

e-services based on advanced cognitive system technologies and by promoting an active engagement of people for the continuous improvement of the interaction with these services.

H2020 project 2016-2018, EURO6

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SIMPATICO Project Goal

E-services

Public

Administration

Citizens, Civil

ServantsImproves the dialogue between citizens & public administration

Adapt the dialogue knowing the citizen better

• Through their profile• Adapting the contents to an specific

language• Hiding form fields whose contents

are known

Take advantage of the wisdom of the crowd

• So that citizens can ask and answer questions

• Where citizens can create their own complex terms glosary which can help them undertanding the public procedures

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PA traditional e-services vs. SIMPATICO approach

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PA traditional e-services vs. SIMPATICO approach

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GreenSoul: Smart Building Technology forPersuasive Eco-Awareness

• Aims to achieve higher energy efficiency in public buildings by altering the way people use energy consuming shared and personal devices.

– A two-fold strategy:• Persuade users to increase their energy-awareness and change

their e-consumption habits through a variety of techniques (persuasive and physical interaction)

• Embed intelligence into the networked devices to allow them autonomously decide about their operational mode for energy efficiency purposes.

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Approach to tackle Energy EfficiencyGreenSoul, H2020

project 2016-2018, EE11

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GreenSoul: Contributions & Impact

• Contributions:– Smart analysers that monitor, incentivize and persuade users

– ‘Green-Souled’ things that turn everyday appliances into smart, energy aware devices

– Social, mobile apps that engage and create communities of energy users

– Decision-support system: for automation and persuasion

• Impact:6. Intelligent control at device level (+5%)

5. Manual control due to behavior change (+4%)

4. Awareness through GreenSoul platform (+3%)

3. Energy awareness spread to personnel (+4%)

2. Awareness of building energy manager (+2%)

1. Smart monitoring (+2%)

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GreenSoul Architecture

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GreenSoul (GS)-ed Things

• GS-ed Things should fulfil a three-fold purpose: – Provide energy monitoring capabilities to gather electrical data in real

time and send them to the middleware

– Provide users with feedback and cues that help them understand and learn how to optimise interaction with devices, appliances and systems in an energy-wise manner

– Provide to devices control to enable and optimise agreed convenient energy-modes and practices, e.g. remote switching off/on, reaching ideal temperatures, etc.

• Defined as pluggable embedded devices which can be integrated with, and adapted to, different electrical equipment.

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GS-ed things

Smart Lighting

Smart Coaster Smart Power Strip

Video

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Smart Power Strip

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I have a dream … people-empowered Smarter Environments

• Smarter Environments must ensure inclusiveness, economic viability and environmental sustainability, enabled by:– Smart Things, e.g. enabling technology for inclusive spaces which

allows to collect data, e.g. people transiting through a given area

– Open Data linked to real-time data gathered by sensor data (physical) and prosumed data by users (virtual sensors) BROAD DATA analytics

– User/Thing collaboration: user-conscious apps/things should adapt to the capabilities of different users, their devices and current context and influence users’ behaviour

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Bringing together Smart Things and People to realize Smarter Environments

Villanova University, Philadelphia, 9 November 2017, 11:30-12:30

Dr. Diego López-de-Ipiña González-de-Artazadipina@deusto.es

http://paginaspersonales.deusto.es/dipinahttp://www.morelab.deusto.es

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Abstract“The quest for realizing Smart Environments has taken place for the last 30 years. Diverse adaptations of the original UbiComp vision have been developed, each highlighting diverse aspects who have been considered critical to enable a wider and more acceptable adoption of Smart Environments. Notable examples of such interesting adaptations are Context-aware Computing, Sentient Computing, Ambient Intelligence, Ambient Assisted Living and Internet of Everything. Under those different umbrella terms, researchers have explored the 3 stage enabling equation for Smart Environments, i.e. “SENSE + PROCESS = ACT”, i.e. spaces where the environment is aware of the needs, profiles and preferences from the sensed users and accommodates its behaviour to ease their daily interactions. Contributions around these different perspectives and applied to distinct environments, i.e. Smart Offices, Smart Homes, Smart Factories or Smart Cities, have been produced, all addressing the challenges posed by ever more complex systems of systems populated by multiple users. This talk will exemplify research results on how to accomplish these three core steps. Firstly, in the SENSE part, the importance of location sensing and the spread of low cost highly dense sensing environments (RFID, NFC or low range Bluetooth) will be described. Secondly, the PROCESS stage where ever more sophisticated analytics mechanisms to take into account historic and real-time data are considered, combining domain-driven (rules) and data-driven solutions, will be analysed. Thirdly, the ACT stage will be explored, considering the evolution from reactive to learning persuasive environments which aim to collaborate with their users. Thus, a middle ground fostering collaboration between smart things and people will be defended giving place to Smarter environments. The implications of the Smarter environments approach will be illustrated with use cases in the Open Government and Efficient Energy Management domains.”