Brief history of Aerospace Engineering

History of Aerospace EngineeringMohammad Tawfik

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Brief History of Aerospace Brief History of Aerospace EngineeringEngineering

Mohammad TawfikMohammad TawfikUniversity of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology

Zewail CityZewail City



College Park – Aeronautical MuseumBy Mohammad Tawfik, April 2003



In the beginning ...



Imitating birds by flapping



Leonardo da Vinci



Saffat Ornithopter – Mostafa Magdy and colleagues



National Air and Space MuseumBy Mohammad Tawfik, January 2003

Gossamer Condor1977



Fixed wing – Sir George Cayley



Balloons and Air Ships



General characteristicsCrew: 40 to 61Capacity: 50–72 passengersLength: 245 m (803 ft 10 in)Diameter: 41.18 [56] m (135.1 ft 0 in)Volume: 200,000 m3 (7,062,000 ft3)Powerplant: 4 × Daimler-Benz DB 602 diesel engines, 890 kW (1,200 hp) each

Maximum speed: 135 km/h (85 mph) Source: Wikipedia



Thursday, 6th of May, 1937 Lakehurst Naval Air Station, Lakehurst, New Jersey



Gliders – Otto Lilienthal1848-1896



Wright brothers and Aeronautical Engineering

Orville Wright 1871-1948Wilbur Wright 1867-1912



Wright Brothers' Wind Tunnel1901



World War IJuly 1914-November 1918



Manfred von Richthofen1892-1918



World War II1939-1945



Spitfire (UK)



B-25 Bomber



Jet Aircraft



Messerschmitt Meworld's first operational jet-powered fighter aircraft1941



de Havilland Comet jetlinerfirst commercial jet service1952



Antonov An-225 Mriya longest and heaviest airplane ever built with a maximum takeoff weight of 640 tonnes1988



Supersonic Flight



Bell X-11946



Helwan HA-300Egypt 1964




Northrop M2-F21966



Development of Rockets



Chinese in 1232 against the Mongol

Wikipedia



In 1926, Robert Goddard launched the world's first liquid-fueled rocket in Auburn, Massachusetts



An Inspiring Film!



In 1943, production of the V-2 rocket began



Space Exploration – USSR



Sputnik1957



R-7 SemyorkaLaunched Sputnik



Yuri Gagarin1934-1968

First man in space12 April 1961



Vostok (spacecraft) - USSRThe first human spaceflight in history12 april 1961



Space Exploration – USA



May 25, 1961JFK Space Mission Speech

“I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him

safely to the Earth.”



Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first humans on the Moon, Americans Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, on July 20, 1969



Moon Landing




The Space Shuttle



Early flight tests launched by a Boeing 747Early flight tests launched by a Boeing 747

So, we need to learn much about flying!



Solid and liquid fuel rockets used for launchingSolid and liquid fuel rockets used for launching



We need to learn so much about robotics too!We need to learn so much about robotics too!



Re-entry, requires a good understanding of the atmosphere



At the end, it will be flying againAt the end, it will be flying again



If we studied material science well!

The Space Shuttle Challenger28 January 1986



Maybe, some study of solid mechanics as well!Maybe, some study of solid mechanics as well!

Space Shuttle ColumbiaSpace Shuttle Columbia1 February 20031 February 2003



Virgin Galactic

Nevertheless, some people are still optimistic!



Mars Rovers



125 million miles away125 million miles awayRovers, Spirit and Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity are Opportunity are exploring since 2003!exploring since 2003!



In Utah, USA, in 201431 student teams were competingWith there Rovers!



The Egyptian team got the 9The Egyptian team got the 9thth place place

Cairo UniversityCairo UniversityAerospace Engineering DepartmentAerospace Engineering DepartmentSST LabSST Lab



What does the future hold for us?

And Stuff to think about!



Regular Space Flight!



New Looks!



Blended Wing-Body



Flying Car!



Hovercraft



NASA Helios Project



Water Rockets



Your imagination is the limit of what you

can do!

Brief history of Aerospace Engineering

Education

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