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Bridging Scales and Epistemologies: Linking Local Knowledge with Global Science in Multi-Scale Assessments
Assessment of Central Asian Mountain EcosystemsAssessment of Central Asian Mountain Ecosystems: : features of methodology a multi-scalefeatures of methodology a multi-scale
Vladimir Bogachev, CAREC
Alexandria, Egypt
March 17-20, 2004
• ACAMEACAME Program Program (objectives, tasks)(objectives, tasks)• Specific of MESpecific of ME assessment assessment methodologymethodology• Transboundary sub-global METransboundary sub-global ME• Vertical belts, gradients and Vertical belts, gradients and criteria of criteria of selection main MEs selection main MEs • ScalesScales and and prioritypriority of ecosystem goods & of ecosystem goods & services services • Interaction between ecological and social Interaction between ecological and social components MEscomponents MEs • ScalesScales andand governance structuresgovernance structures
Area of Area of the project the project ACAMEACAME
The total area = 3,882 thousand km2 The total area = 3,882 thousand km2 Population approximately 0.53 mln people Population approximately 0.53 mln people (10% of the CA area)(10% of the CA area)
HistoryHistory• Millennium ecosystem assessment /MA (Kofi Annan, June 2001)
• CA – Candidate MA Sub-Global Assessment (CAREC, 2002)
• Development of Programme «Assessment of Central Asia Mountainous Ecosystems/АСАМЕ» (CAREC & CA countries, 2003)
Assessment ofAssessment of ecosystemsecosystems
Public participation
Information, Sciences
Assessment ofAssessment of resourcesresources
Assessment ofAssessment of consumptionconsumption
Education
SD Strategy (CA Agenda 21), good governance, legal base, clear indicators
Objectives of SD
Assessment of ecosystems and objectives of SD CA
Central Asian Agenda 21
Convention to Combat
Desertification
Convention onBiological Diversity
Regional Strategy of Sustainable Development
Mountain Area for Central Asia
ProgrammeThe Aral Sea
Basin -2
Connection the Program with Connection the Program with CA SD Strategy and other CA SD Strategy and other
programsprograms
Assessment Assessment Central Asian Central Asian
Mountain Mountain EcosystemsEcosystems
“ The Natural resources of mountain territories are used by a steady means of ecological, social and economic interests for optimal benefit of the population of Central Asia”
Seminar on development of Regional strategy and Plan of Actions (Almaty, April 1, 2001)
“ Goal 1. Preservation of water basins ecosystems. Combat to necessary for vital activity ecosystems
degradation ”
Invitation to partnership (Kiev, May 2003)
Objectives of mountain Objectives of mountain territories steady territories steady
developmentdevelopment
Main Program Objectives:Main Program Objectives:
• To generate the Global Assessment of Mountainous Ecosystems • To develop recommendations for decision- making and planning related to conservation and restoration of Central Asia mountainous ecosystems• To modify ecosystem assessment methodology based on the specific features of the sub-region
Similarity of methodologiesAdopted by the ICSD of Central Asia
May 17, 2002
METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE CA AGENDA 21 Prepared by CAREC and SIC ICSD
October 18, 2002
MILLENNIUM ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT METHODS
Walter Reid, Neville Ash, Elena Bennett, Pushpam Kumar, Marcus Lee, Nicolas Lucas, Henk Simons, Valerie Thompson, Monika Zurek
• Involving of the users and decision makers, acceptance of the political obligations
•Multisectoral partnership and wide participation of a public
•Multy-scaile assessment
•Capacity building
•Definition of the measurable purposes and monitoring of results
Assessment scaleAssessment scale(intersectoral approach)(intersectoral approach)
MA Secretariat, Regional institutions
NationalGovernments
Talgar
Central Asia
Users
Local Community
Global Assessment: Conditions, Scenarios, Responses
Global Assessment: Conditions, Scenarios, Responses
Local
Sub-Global/Regional
National
KazakhstanBas
in s
cale
Amu Darya river - water flow about 79.3 km3 per one year
Syr Darya river - water flow about 37.2 km3 per one year
Basin ScaleWater ecosystems: fresh
water
The specific features of The specific features of mountainous areasmountainous areas CACA
• Transboundary sub-global mountain ecosystems• Vertical belts• Considerable gradients and lateral («horizontal») migration of substance and energy •Livelihood supplies of population in the downstream plains/valleys
Transboundary sub-global mountain ecosystems
Kazakhstan
Uzbekistan
Turkmenistan
Kyrghyzstan
Tadjikistan
Political boundaries
Developing the Developing the transboundary aspects of transboundary aspects of
assessmentassessment• The coordination of methodological approaches ACAME by the national experts (MEs classification, analysis format and etc.)• Criteria selection of research the main objects - priority MEs• Acceptance uniform indicators of pressures, state MEs, impacts and response actions (DPSIR)
Vertical belts Vertical belts
and and EcosystemEcosystemServicesServices
Nival
Forest
Foothill
Meadow
Glaciers
Lakes
- Provisioning
-
Regulating
-
Supporting
-
Cultural
Ecosystem Services:
Climate
Water
Recreation tourism
Soil formation
Foods
Foods
Water
Bio-diversity
Criteria of selection main MEs
• Scope and range of environmental goods and services provided to (A)
- mountains community - plains/valleys• Scope and effectiveness of regulation services
(climate change, etc., B)• Magnitude of disturbance of ME and
dangerous to loss of their potential (C)
Selection of priority ecosystemsSelection of priority ecosystemsCentral Asia
Mountain ecosystems
Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan
A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C
Glaciers
Forests ecosystems
Steppe
ecosystems
Not significant
Significant
Paramount
A Scope and range of environmental goods and services provided to
B Scope and effectiveness of regulation services
C Magnitude of disturbance of mountainous ecosystems
Criteria of selection Priority
Central Asia: SUB-GLOBAL ASSESSMENT
CA Region Kazakhstan Talgar basin
ScalesScales and and prioritpriorities of ies of ecosystem goods ecosystem goods and services (e.g. and services (e.g. Forest CA)Forest CA)
LOCAL NATIONAL SUB-REGIONAL
Goods:
1. Food (resources, producers, consumers)*
2. Fuel wood (Bioenergy)
3. Construction Materials
4. Derivatives
Services:
1. Supporting human living and livelihood conditions
2. Cultural
Services:
1. Self-restoration of bioproducts
2. Supporting
3. Flood and other natural disaster protection
4. Cultural
Goods:
1. Food (resources, producers, consumers)
2. Hydraulic power
3. Clean air
Services:
1. Water regime and runoff formation
2. Climate regulation
3. Self-reproduction, genetic resources
4. Cultural
Goods:
1. Food (fresh water)
2. Hydraulic power
3. Nutrients
* Number corresponds to a priority of good or service
Interecosystems Interecosystems CommunicationsCommunications
((multiplicative effectmultiplicative effect))
Extraction of goods
Degradation of ecosystems
(downstream)
Pollution
Natural disasters
Economic damage
Social damage
Increase of morbidity
Vertical streams of energy and substance
Anthropogenic ecosystems
LOCAL NATIONAL SUB-REGIONAL
Interecosystems CommunicationsInterecosystems Communications((multiplicative effectmultiplicative effect))
Interaction between ecological and social components ME (DPSIR, Local level)
Scientific and technological
potential
Scientific and technological
potential
Environment/ habitat
Natural resources, including biological
Man as a biological species
Social potential Productive
potential
TECHNOSPHERE
Governance/
policy SOCIETY
NATURE
- Goods and services - Hazardous pressure ( - ) - Management responses ( + )
Scientific and technological
potential
Environment/ habitat
Natural resources, including biological
Man as a biological species
Social potential Productive
potential
TECHNOSPHERE
Governance/
policy SOCIETY
NATURE
- Goods and services - Hazardous pressure ( - ) - Management responses ( + )
Interaction between ecological and social components ME (DPSIR, National level)
Scientific and technological
potential
Scales and governance structures
Governance
Extraction goods & use services
LO
CA
L
NA
TIO
NA
L
SU
B-R
EG
ION
AL
Lack of themechanisms of
cooperation
Strategies of the population survival
Local Agenda-21 Local EAP
Ecosystems degradation
Natural resources loses
Ecological crisis
Security threats
Tree of the CA problems
Laws on preservation
MEs
Integrated management
of Ecosystems
Regional and interstate agreements, Conventions
In
effi
cien
t go
vern
ance
Next steps
Local
Sub-Global/Regional
National
Bas
in s
cale
• Modification of multi-scale assessment MEs methodology, development of transboundary aspects• Development of model DPSIR for an assessment on the main Mes• Approbation of methodology on the pilot project •Integration with MA methodology and adaptation for GAMA•Exchange of experience and dissemination of the information. Preparation of specialistes
Thank you for attention!
www.carec.kz