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Breast Health Awareness, Recognition, and Future Directions · Shlesma Chhetri, BA, Katherine Cantu...
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Introduction 33% 37% 67% 44% 100% 91% 84% 93% 79% 100% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Itchy, scaly sore or rash on the nipple Dimpling or puckering of the skin Swelling, warmth, redness, or darkening of the breast Pulling in of your nipple or other parts of the breast Lump, hard knot, or thickening inside the breast or underarm HE Pre HE Post Screening Breast Health Awareness, Recognition, and Future Directions Shlesma Chhetri, BA, Katherine Cantu Anguiano, MPH, CPH, CHES, Emily Spence-Almaguer, MSW, PhD, Marcy Paul, PhD, Anjali Desai, MPH, & Misty Wilder, BS Introduction • Breast cancer is a prominent concern among women in the United States (US Cancer Statistics Working Group, 2016). • Several organizations publish guidelines to promote early detection of breast cancer. • The guidelines differ on suggested frequency and age for screening, and breast cancer symptoms. • These inconsistencies have created confusion, defeating the intention to increase health literacy and health promotion. • To address the inconsistencies it is important to assess the current level of awareness about breast health among women, which remains unclear. Aim This study aimed to understand and improve the awareness of breast health among women in Tarrant County, Texas. A lay educator model was used to promote improved awareness. Conclusion Our results showed that women knew very little about non-lump related symptoms and there was an inconsistency in the overall breast health knowledge. This encouraged us to explore more on present breast health guidelines available to the community. From a detailed literature search, we found that the available guidelines provide conflicting information with regards to the age for initiating mammogram use, frequency of mammograms and clinical tests, and risk factors. We also looked into the reading levels of known layperson- focused websites, finding that most did not follow health literacy guidelines of plain language. The texts had high reading levels and dense text making it difficult to access the information. Although breast cancer remains one of the most talked about diseases, the conflicting guidelines and lack of symptomatic awareness among women points towards a need for an awareness campaign rooted in the principles of health literacy. It is vital to ensure that women understand factors related to breast health, are encouraged to monitor their breast health, and are informed about available healthcare services, which can be achieved through simple, clear, and consistent messaging using different communication channels. Acknowledgements Findings were supported by Susan G. Komen of Greater Fort Worth community grant to the Greater Mount Tabor Christian Center to support efforts of the Tarrant County Cancer Disparities Coalition under UNTHSC IRB# 2015-136:Breast Cancer Screening Day Evaluation. Research reported in this poster was partially supported by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Exploratory Centers of Excellence of the National Institutes of Health under award number P20MD006882. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. References American Cancer Society. (February 22, 2016). Breast Cancer: Detailed Guide. Retrieved from www.cancer.org/cancer/breastcancer/detailedguide/breast- cancer-risk-factors. Accessed in April 2016. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Division of Cancer Prevention. (March 3, 2016). Breast Cancer. Retrieved from www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/index.htm Accessed in April 2016. National Breast Cancer Foundation, Inc. (2015). What is Breast Cancer? Retrieved from www.nationalbreastcancer.org/what-is- breast-cancer. Accessed in April 2016. Susan G. Komen. (September 30, 2015). Factors that affect breast cancer risk. Retrieved fromww5.komen.org/AboutBreastCancer/RiskFactors/FactorsAffe ctingBreastCancerRisk/FactorsAffectingBreastCancerRisk.html Accessed in April 2016. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. (September 2016). Final Recommendation Statement: Breast Cancer Screening. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/Recom mendationStatementFinal/breast-cancerscreening1. Accessed October 3, 2016. Methods Part One: A community coalition conducted “train- the-trainer” educational events, where women completed a lay breast health educator training session. Pre and post surveys to assess changes in breast health awareness were administered during the training. Part Two: A survey was administered to women participating in a breast health screening event at any one of the nine different locations throughout Tarrant County. Screening Day (n=91) Health Education (n=43) Age <39 7% 28% 40-49 38% 31% 50-59 34% 21% 60+ 21% 20% Race/Ethnicity Black 25% 95% White 29% 5% Hispanic 41% 0% Native Hawaiian 2% 0% Education Less than HS 11% 0% HS/GED 33% 17% Some College/ Technical School 32% 32% College Degree 24% 51% Income < $10,000 11% 8% $10,000 – $29,999 31% 15% $30,000 – $49,999 22% 15% $50,000 – $75,000 12% 31% > $75,000 24% 31% Influencing Risks of Breast Cancer Post Education Difference Being female 91% + 26% Getting older 93% + 53% Having high bone density 23% + 16% A family history of breast, ovarian, or prostate cancer 81% + 1% A personal history of breast or ovarian cancer 72% + 14% Having your first period before age 12 86% + 70% Limit alcohol intake 93% + 35% Exercise regularly 100% + 21% Maintain a healthy weight 93% + 19% Limit menopausal hormone use 74% + 51% Figure 2: Knowledge of Breast Cancer Symptoms Figure 1: Demographics Figure 4: Knowledge of Breast Cancer Risk Factors Lay Breast Health Educator Training (n=43) Pre-Assessment 20 Minute Education Presentation Post-Assessment County-Wide Screening Day (n=91) Assessment (following screening) 7.1 10.9 10.3 11.3 4.7 6.6 9.8 13.3 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 CDC Komen ACS NBCF Risk Factors Symptoms Figure 3: Reading Level Comparison Results
Transcript of Breast Health Awareness, Recognition, and Future Directions · Shlesma Chhetri, BA, Katherine Cantu...
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Introduction
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Itchy, scaly sore orrash on
the nipple
Dimpling orpuckeringof the skin
Swelling, warmth,redness,
or darkening ofthe breast
Pulling in of yournipple or
other parts of thebreast
Lump, hard knot,or
thickening insidethe breast or
underarm
HE Pre HE Post Screening
Breast Health Awareness, Recognition, and Future DirectionsShlesma Chhetri, BA, Katherine Cantu Anguiano, MPH, CPH, CHES, Emily Spence-Almaguer, MSW, PhD, Marcy Paul, PhD, Anjali Desai, MPH, & Misty Wilder, BS
Introduction• Breast cancer is a prominent concern among
women in the United States (US Cancer Statistics Working Group, 2016).
• Several organizations publish guidelines to promote early detection of breast cancer.
• The guidelines differ on suggested frequency and age for screening, and breast cancer symptoms.
• These inconsistencies have created confusion, defeating the intention to increase health literacy and health promotion.
• To address the inconsistencies it is important to assess the current level of awareness about breast health among women, which remains unclear.
AimThis study aimed to understand and improve the awareness of breast health among women in Tarrant County, Texas. A lay educator model was used to promote improved awareness.
ConclusionOur results showed that women knew very little about non-lump related symptoms and there was an inconsistency in the overall breast health knowledge. This encouraged us to explore more on present breast health guidelines available to the community. From a detailed literature search, we found that the available guidelines provide conflicting information with regards to the age for initiating mammogram use, frequency of mammograms and clinical tests, and risk factors. We also looked into the reading levels of known layperson-focused websites, finding that most did not follow health literacy guidelines of plain language. The texts had high reading levels and dense text making it difficult to access the information.
Although breast cancer remains one of the most talked about diseases, the conflicting guidelines and lack of symptomatic awareness among women points towards a need for an awareness campaign rooted in the principles of health literacy. It is vital to ensure that women understand factors related to breast health, are encouraged to monitor their breast health, and are informed about available healthcare services, which can be achieved through simple, clear, and consistent messaging using different communication channels.
Acknowledgements
Findings were supported by Susan G. Komen of Greater Fort Worth community grant to the Greater Mount Tabor Christian Center to support efforts of the Tarrant County Cancer Disparities Coalition under UNTHSC IRB# 2015-136:Breast Cancer Screening Day Evaluation. Research reported in this poster was partially supported by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Exploratory Centers of Excellence of the National Institutes of Health under award number P20MD006882. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.
References
American Cancer Society. (February 22, 2016). Breast Cancer: Detailed Guide. Retrieved from www.cancer.org/cancer/breastcancer/detailedguide/breast-cancer-risk-factors. Accessed in April 2016.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Division of Cancer Prevention. (March 3, 2016). Breast Cancer. Retrieved from www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/index.htm Accessed in April 2016.
National Breast Cancer Foundation, Inc. (2015). What is Breast Cancer? Retrieved from www.nationalbreastcancer.org/what-is-breast-cancer. Accessed in April 2016.
Susan G. Komen. (September 30, 2015). Factors that affect breast cancer risk. Retrieved fromww5.komen.org/AboutBreastCancer/RiskFactors/FactorsAffectingBreastCancerRisk/FactorsAffectingBreastCancerRisk.html Accessed in April 2016.
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. (September 2016). Final Recommendation Statement: Breast Cancer Screening. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/RecommendationStatementFinal/breast-cancerscreening1. Accessed October 3, 2016.
MethodsPart One: A community coalition conducted “train-the-trainer” educational events, where women completed a lay breast health educator training session. Pre and post surveys to assess changes in breast health awareness were administered during the training.
Part Two: A survey was administered to women participating in a breast health screening event at any one of the nine different locations throughout Tarrant County.
ScreeningDay
(n=91)
HealthEducation
(n=43)
Age
<39 7% 28%
40-49 38% 31%
50-59 34% 21%
60+ 21% 20%
Race/Ethnicity
Black 25% 95%
White 29% 5%
Hispanic 41% 0%
Native Hawaiian 2% 0%
Education
Less than HS 11% 0%
HS/GED 33% 17%
Some College/Technical School
32% 32%
College Degree 24% 51%
Income
< $10,000 11% 8%
$10,000 – $29,999 31% 15%
$30,000 – $49,999 22% 15%
$50,000 – $75,000 12% 31%
> $75,000 24% 31%
Influencing Risks of Breast
CancerPost Education Difference
Being female 91% + 26%
Getting older 93% + 53%
Having high bone density 23% + 16%
A family history of breast, ovarian, or prostate cancer
81% + 1%
A personal history of breastor ovarian cancer
72% + 14%
Having your first periodbefore age 12
86% + 70%
Limit alcohol intake 93% + 35%
Exercise regularly 100% + 21%
Maintain a healthy weight 93% + 19%
Limit menopausal hormone use
74% + 51%
Figure 2: Knowledge of Breast Cancer SymptomsFigure 1:Demographics
Figure 4: Knowledge of Breast Cancer Risk Factors
Lay Breast Health Educator Training
(n=43)
Pre-Assessment
20 Minute Education Presentation
Post-Assessment
County-Wide Screening Day
(n=91)
Assessment
(following screening)
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CDC Komen ACS NBCF
Risk Factors Symptoms
Figure 3: Reading Level Comparison
Results
