Brain Rules - Introduction the the Book and Website
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Transcript of Brain Rules - Introduction the the Book and Website
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The Rules
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Why Exercise?Exercise boostsbrain power
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Connection to the Brain
Exercise improves cognition for two reasons:
Exercise increases oxygen flow into the brain, whichreduces brain-bound free radicals. One of the most
interesting findings of the past few decades is that anincrease in oxygen is always accompanied by an uptick inmental sharpness.
Exercise acts directly on the molecular machinery of thebrain itself. It increases neurons creation, survival,and resistance to damage and stress.
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Effects of Exercise
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Effects of Exercise
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The Type of Exercise Matters
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Brain Health for Life
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Survival: Rule 2
The human brain evolved, too.
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Survival
The brain is a survival organ.
Our ability to solve problems, learn from mistakes,and create alliances with other people helps us
survive. Our ability to understand each other is our chief
survival tool. Relationships helped us survive in thejungle and are critical to surviving at work andschool today.
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Brain Organization
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The Theory of Mind
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Wiring : Rule 3
Every brain is wired differently.
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Brain Wiring
What YOU do and learn in life physically changeswhat your brain looks like it literally rewires it.
No two people have the same brain, not even
twins. Regions of the brain develop at different rates in
different people.
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Visual Processing
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Brain Mapping
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Attention: Rule 4
We don't pay attention to boring things.
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Attention Matters
What we pay attention to is profoundly influencedby memory.
Our previous experience predicts where we should
pay attention. The brain is not capable of multi-tasking.
Research shows your error rate goes up 50% and it takesyou twice as long to do things.
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The 10 Minute Rule
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Chunking
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Multitasking
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Multitasking Errors
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Networks
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Alcohol vs. Cell Phone
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Alcohol vs. Cell Phone
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The Brian and Emotion
The brain pays a great deal of attention to emotionand it remembers them.
Any emotionally competent stimulus causes the
amygdala to tag the information with dopamine Some ECSs are universal: sex, threat, and pattern
matching
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Short Term Memory:
Rule5
Repeat to remember.
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Types of Encoding
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Processing
Automatic v. Effortful Processing
Effortful processing is what we need for work and school
It requires rehearsal and maintenance
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Repeat or Forget
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Long Term Memory:
Rule 6
Remember to repeat.
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Building Knowledge
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How to Remember More
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Pop Quiz
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Sleep: Rule 7
Sleep well, think well.
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Sleep Well, Think Well
When were asleep, the brain is not resting at all.
Loss of sleep hurts attention, executive function,working memory, mood, quantitative skills, logical
reasoning, and even motor dexterity. Taking a nap might make you more productive.
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Active Sleep
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Sleep Affects Performance
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Stress Impacts Learning
Your brain is built to deal with stress that lastsabout 30 seconds. The brain is not designed forlong term stress when you feel like you have nocontrol.
Stress damages virtually every kind of cognitionthat exists. It damages memory and executive function. It can hurt
your motor skills.
When you are stressed out over a long period of time itdisrupts your immune response. You get sicker moreoften.
It disrupts your ability to sleep. You get depressed.
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Stress Effects
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Chronic Stress
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Sensory Integration:
Rule 9
Stimulate more of the senses.
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The McGurk Effect
Close your eyes.
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Passive Learning
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Active Learning
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Proust Effect
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Vision: Rule 10
Vision trumps all other senses.
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The Power of Images
We are incredible at remembering pictures.
Hear a piece of information, and three days later you'llremember 10% of it.
Add a picture and you'll remember 65%.
Pictures beat text as well, in part because readingis so inefficient for us.
Our brain sees words as lots of tiny pictures, and we
have to identify certain features in the letters to be able toread them. That takes time.
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Immediate Recall
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Testing The Visual
Count the number of passes between playerswearing white shirts.
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Gender Differences
Men and women handle acute stress differently.
Men and women process certain emotionsdifferently.
Emotions are useful. They make the brain pay attention. These differences are a product of complex
interactions between nature and nurture.
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Chromosomes
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X and Y
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Gender and the Brain
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Gender and Psychiatric Disorders
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Exploration: Rule 12
We are powerful and natural explorers.
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Explore to Learn
Babies are the model of how we learnnot bypassive reaction to the environment but by activetesting through observation, hypothesis,
experiment, and conclusion. Babies methodically do experiments on objects, for
example, to see what they will do.
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Babies as a Model for Learning
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