Brain drain by Usman Ghani
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Transcript of Brain drain by Usman Ghani
University of Engineering & Technology Lahore
Usman Ghani(2014-EE-91)
Brain Drain
Defining Brain Drain:
The immigration of highly skilled workers, educated students and professionals from developing countries to developed countries in search of better future and higher standard of life is called brain drain.
It is a global phenomenon.
www’s of Brain Drain
When??
Where??
Who??
When?
Unemployment of skilled professionals
Non-merit selections
Projection of Pakistan as a terrorist state
Departure of investors
Where?
43%
37%
17%
1% 1% 0%
Pakistanis Living Abroad
EUROPE
MIDDLE EAST
AMERICAS
ASIA
AFRICA
OCENIA
Who?
Students
Doctors
Engineers
Talented youngsters
Major reasons For Brain Drain
• Lack of Job opportunities• Economic condition• Income inequalities• Lack of patriotism
Lack Of Job Opportunities
“Scientists and engineers are in chronically short supply in technology advanced countries.”
Economic condition
•Socio Economic conditions of foreign countries attract skilled personnel.
•They guarantee security, justice, equality and all other rights guaranteed under the United Nation’s charter which in Pakistan they could not imagine.
Income Inequalities“Highly qualified Pakistani earn about ten times as much abroad as in their home country.”
“Highly qualified Pakistani earn about ten times as much abroad as in their home country.”
Lack of patriotism
The spirit of patriotism is not found in Pakistanis nowadays. They prefer their future than Pakistan.
Negative effects of Brain Drain
• Widening of Gap between rich and poor countries
• Lack of Personnel• Increase in Corruption
Increasing Class Differences
International migration of highly qualified personnel produces unequal effects for the countries of origin and the receiving countries.
The source country has to suffer while the receiving countries take the benefit.
Increase In Corruption
•The corruption is increased as the skilled and loyal person leaves the country and the people left are not sincere towards their country.
•The honest persons are not encouraged in Pakistan and they have to face many hardships.
Increase in brain drain continues…
As skilled and professional people move abroad they are not available in the country to train others and thus people keep on moving abroad and the process of brain drain continues.
Positive effects of Brain Drain
• Development of the whole world
• Chance for freshmen
Development of Whole world
•The results obtained by highly qualified personnel in their work shall be, according to this approach, to the benefit of both the receiving countries and the countries of origin.
Chance for freshmen
•As the seniors move abroad the freshmen are given chance in the country.
•They are given a chance to prove their talent
•Hence unemployment is also reduced by the emigration of intellects.
Prevention of Brain drainPartnerships between source
and receiving countriesPay structures should be
reviewedRectification of Education
PoliciesEstablishment of industries
Survey on Brain Drain
75%
20%5%
Willing Not Willing No Decision
Summary
The migration of intellect is from poor and developing countries to rich and advanced countries. The people who migrated from Pakistan are doctors, engineers, students. There are some effects either positive or negative but some solutions to avoid from Brain Drain.