BPM Upgrade Projects Status & Technical Update Bob Webber DOE Review of Tevatron Operations March...
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BPM Upgrade ProjectsBPM Upgrade ProjectsStatus & Technical UpdateStatus & Technical Update
Bob WebberDOE Review of Tevatron Operations
March 2005
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 2
Recent and Active BPM ProjectsRecent and Active BPM Projects
Recycler Ring Completed and operational since early 2004
NuMI Beam Line Completed and operational since first NuMI extracted beam This system reported meaningful beam position data on first pulse !!!
Tevatron Ring (1.4.5.4) (9/2/03 – 5/17/05) ($1081K labor, $1764K m&s) Installed and operational for routine proton measurements in ~25% of
the ring; functioning compatibly with remaining old systems Completion of installation scheduled by end of May 2005
Antiproton Transfer Lines (1.3.6.5.2) (3/26/04 – 7/25/05) ($91K labor, $284K m&s) (details in Elvin Harms’ Rapid Transfer Talk earlier this breakout) In final design stage, manpower assigned, ~80% procurements done Will employ NuMI/Recycler software and Tevatron EchoTek boards Completion expected by ~August ’05
Main Injector Ring (1.1.3.2) (1/3/05 – 6/1/06) ($324K labor, $900K m&s) Requirements being reviewed Awaits manpower currently devoted to Tevatron and Transfer Line
projects All systems are built around a common commercial (Echotek)
digital receiver board
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 3
Tev BPM - General StatusTev BPM - General Status
Cooperative activity between Computing and Accelerator Divisions, CD has provided ~80% of total project effort
Essentially all hardware is in hand, including spares Considerable planning and care allow adiabatic
installation without adversely impacting Tevatron operations It is a big deal to seamlessly replace a large operational
system without disrupting Collider operation and luminousity production
7 of 27 systems are installed and routinely operational for proton measurements (functional replacement for old systems)
Antiproton position measurements have been demonstrated but not yet routinely operational
Installation pace is presently limited ~equally by: Opportunity -- we don’t install during a Collider store Debugging –- operational problems must be solved as they
are discovered
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 4
TeV BPM - SoftwareTeV BPM - Software
~85% of required VME front-end software functionality has been implemented and debugged
Data is packaged, either in VME front-end or in ACNET BPMLIB library code, to “look like” data from the old BPM system so as to minimize modifications to legacy console applications
Software switch permits transparent operation with mixture of old and new BPM systems in field
Critical legacy console applications are working with new BPM data after little or no modification
Some new applications are being developed to take advantage of the system’s new capabilities
SDA is being updated to use the new BPM data as each new crate is installed
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 5
TeV BPM - Colored Pictures!TeV BPM - Colored Pictures!
A3 House Installation BPM Integrity Check
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 6
TeV BPM – 36 Bunch Closed Orbit Resolution Upper LimitsTeV BPM – 36 Bunch Closed Orbit Resolution Upper Limits
20 minutes of closed orbit data for A3 BPMs400 microns full vertical scale all plots
Histograms of same data and RMS variation from the mean
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 7
TeV BPM – 36 Bunch Closed Orbit ResolutionTeV BPM – 36 Bunch Closed Orbit Resolution
Correlation plot of closed orbit data from two BPMs on opposite sides of ring estimate resolution to be ~5 microns
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 8
Tev BPM – Single Proton Bunch TBT Tev BPM – Single Proton Bunch TBT MeasurementsMeasurements
TBT resolution is better than 50 microns RMS
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 9
TeV BPM - Antiproton Measurement “Plan A”TeV BPM - Antiproton Measurement “Plan A”
Establish cross-talk (imperfect pickup directionality) coefficients a, b, c and d and compute corrected antiproton signals according to:
Now working to establish unique coefficients for each BPM and cope with operational maintenance of time varying values
There is a “Plan B” …
BPM
Ap
Protons Pbars
Apbar
BpbarBp
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 10
TeV BPM – Antiproton MeasurementsTeV BPM – Antiproton Measurements
Proton sum signal
Proton position
Pbar positionPbar sum signal
Pbar sum signal during proton loading (ideally zero)
Proton loading
Pbar loading
Ramp
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 11
TeV BPM - What’s LeftTeV BPM - What’s Left
Solve currently known bugs Intermittent first turn/injection turn-by-turn
(phase/timing problem)
Complete hardware installation Implement and test additional required
functionality Robustness of Pbar measurements “Safe” mode (timing robust first turn measurements) Calibration-scaling-offset database
Produce as-built drawings and documentation MOU -> operations Project closeout
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 12
Transfer Line BPMTransfer Line BPM
First system required to observe both 53MHz and 2.5MHz beam structures Major impact on design and required dynamic range of analog
circuitry upstream of digital receiver boards Precursor to MI BPM system with similar requirement
Operational scenarios are complicated due to different beam structures down parts of beam lines at different times Recycler/NuMI front-end software that is suited mode
switching and cycle dependent data buffers will be used Design of analog circuit is in final prototype stage All major procurements except analog boards are
complete VME front-end software is ready and waiting Prototype/development system now installed at F23 Schedule calls for completion mid to late summer 2005 –
integration will be subject to operational constraints
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 13
Main Injector BPM ProjectMain Injector BPM Project
This project will follow on the heels of the currently Tevatron and Transfer Line BPMs
Scope Replace signal processing electronics and front-end
data acquisition systems for ~208 beam position monitors located around the Main Injector and in six buildings
Objectives Eliminate obsolete Multibus II hardware and ACNET
communications protocol Accommodate measurement of beam in 2.5MHz RF
buckets Provide improved measurement resolution
Beams Document #471, dated February 2003, specifies system requirements and is now under review by Main Injector Department
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 14
Main Injector BPM - Similarities to Tevatron BPMMain Injector BPM - Similarities to Tevatron BPM
General system design and implementation Beam information to be obtained and types of
measurements, i.e. first turn, closed orbit, and turn-by-turn
Anticipated hardware, except more complicated analog circuitry upstream of digitizer
Scope of DAQ, on-line, and off-line software, although different in detail
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 15
Main Injector BPM - Differences from Tev -- All in the Main Injector BPM - Differences from Tev -- All in the DetailsDetails
Main Injector operating cycles are more varied in type than in Tevatron and dynamically interwoven in time
Both 2.5MHz and 53MHz signal frequencies must be processed (in different Nyquist bands)
Measurement data for multiple operating cycle types is to be stored separately in parallel front-end data buffers
Both protons and antiprotons must be measured, but Do not circulate simultaneously (but fine timing is
different) Pickups are not directional
• not separate p/pbar cables• protons and pbars require different fine timing
Measurement of user selectable segment (batch) of the circulating beam is required
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 16
Main Injector BPM - Anticipated ImplementationMain Injector BPM - Anticipated Implementation
Analog front-end electronics will leverage heavily off Transfer Line BPM project (common requirement to deal with 2.5MHz and 53MHz signal frequencies)
VME and VXWORKS front-end DAQ systems as other new systems
Tevatron style EchoTek digital receiver boards Tevatron style digitizer clock and timing
boards Front-end software probably dependent on
what group implements the system (different in detail from both Tevatron and Recycler)
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 17
Main Injector BPM - How Project Likely Plays OutMain Injector BPM - How Project Likely Plays Out
Little dedicated effort up to now other than clarification and refinement of requirements MI department occupied with NuMI commissioning BPM people occupied with the other new BPM systems
Analog front-end design will flow from Transfer Line project Most people who provided engineering, software, and
technical support for NuMI BPM will focus on Transfer Line project through ~May ’05
Software support from Tevatron project might become available in ~June ’05
Commodity procurements can begin any time (EchoTek boards already procured and in hand)
A development system initially with either Tevatron or Recycler software should be installed in MI by June 2005
Computing Division will likely play a major role in the project
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 18
BPM Projects - SummaryBPM Projects - Summary
We are mid-stream in the effort of re-building all major BPM systems in the accelerator complex except Linac and Booster
Results from completed systems in Recycler and NuMI and partially installed systems in Tevatron show excellent performance and operational credibility and utility
Considerable effort remains to: Complete Tevatron system Overcome analog signal challenges for Transfer
Lines and Main Injector Meet the diverse and dynamic functional
requirements demanded in Main Injector
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 19
BACKUP SLIDESBACKUP SLIDES
#1577 B3 resolutions 1571 coupling 1581 pbars #1752 for Rob’s most recent very good talk
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 20
Antiproton MeasurementsAntiproton Measurements
Present ratio of proton to antiproton intensities combined with directivity of stripline pick-up produces residual proton signals at the antiproton port about 50% the amplitude of antiproton signals
When antiproton intensities increase they will begin to “contaminate” the proton signals also
We opt to not pursue p/pbar separation by precise timing
Typical signal from pbar end of BPM for present bunch intensities
80 nsec/tic
Pbar bunchsignal Undesired Proton
bunch signal
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 21
0 5 106
1 105
1.5 105
2 105
0
1
2
protons zz t( )
pbars zz t cptcog( )
t
VA14 Collision
0 5 106
1 105
1.5 105
2 105
0
1
2
protons zz t( )
pbars zz t cptcog( )
t
VA25 Collision
0 5 106
1 105
1.5 105
2 105
0
1
2
protons zz t( )
pbars zz t inj0cog( )
t
VA14 Injection
0 5 106
1 105
1.5 105
2 105
0
1
2
protons zz t( )
pbars zz t inj0cog( )
t
VA25 Injection
Separate p/pbar signals with relaxed timing requiring precision and maintenance of ~50 nsec rather than ~5 nsec
Observe only “isolated” proton or antiproton bunches at ends of 12-bunch trains
No pbar bunches observable One pbar bunch observable
Five bunches observable Two bunches observable
Antiproton “Plan B”Antiproton “Plan B”
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 22
Coverage of Ring in Antiproton “Plan B”Coverage of Ring in Antiproton “Plan B”
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 70000
50
100
21
clearz
bpm1
z
After 1st pbar injection nclr 123
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 70000
200
400
21
clearz
bpm1
z
After 4th pbar injection nclr 177
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 70000
200
400
21
clearz
bpm1
z
During acceleration nclr 235
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 70000
200
400
21
clearz
bpm1
z
After 7th pbar injection nclr 226
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 70000
200
400
21
clearz
bpm1
z
At collision nclr 224 Locations with at least one clear pbar bunch (at least 400 nsec from nearest proton bunch) at various times in cycle
x axis is feet around ring from B0, each point is BPM location
y axis is clearance >21 is “clear”
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 23
HA15 and VA14 P/Pbar Positions “Plan B”HA15 and VA14 P/Pbar Positions “Plan B”Changing SeparatorsChanging Separators
Horizontal Pbar
Horizontal Proton
Vertical Proton
Vertical Pbar
Position Scales 2mm/box
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 24
Horizontal A15 Helix Change and Pbar Loss “Plan Horizontal A15 Helix Change and Pbar Loss “Plan B”B”
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 25
Block Diagram Cartoon of Signal PathBlock Diagram Cartoon of Signal Path
Note that proton and pbar signal paths from same half of BPM are directly connected together by the stripline --- reflections from one will feed directly into the signal of the other
attenuator 53MHz BPF Eight
Channel
VME
Digital
Receiver
Proton Inside
attenuator 53MHz BPF
attenuator 53MHz BPFProton Outside
Pbar Outside
attenuator 53MHz BPF
Pbar Inside
VME
CPU
ACNET
Diagnostic
and Calibrate
Signals
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 26
Main Injector BPM - Possible Roles for Computing DivisionMain Injector BPM - Possible Roles for Computing Division
Total effort level would be between that provided for Recycler and Tevatron BPM Projects Less engineering design effort than in Tevatron project
Administrative project management Analog circuit board layout and fabrication based on AD
designs Support for procurement, incoming component
inspections and testing, production testing, equipment tracking, etc.
Supply Tevatron BPM style timing boards DAQ, on-line, and off-line software components after
successful completion of Tevatron system Installation manpower To serve all these roles, CD effort estimated as on the
scale of 60 FTE months Learning curve (AD language, machine operational issues,
ACNET) has already been largely traveled by CD personnel on Tevatron project
Details will be different
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 27
BPM Accuracy/Resolution SpecsBPM Accuracy/Resolution Specs
This is Table 2 from Requirements document. Table gives the most stringent requirements on the system; for certain types of operation these requirements are relaxed. Note: resolutions are
stated as 3 sigma.
Key Specifications (Protons):Measurement Range: 15mmAbsolute Position Accuracy: < 1.0 mmLong Term Position Stability: < 0.02 mmBest Orbit Position Resolution: < 0.02mm (0.3 sec averaging)Position Linearity: < 1.5%Relative Position Accuracy: < 5%Intensity Stability: < 2%Key Specifications (Pbars)_:Measurement Range: 15mmAbsolute Position Accuracy: < 1.0 mmLong Term Position Stability: < 0.02 mmBest Orbit Position Resolution: < 0.05mm (0.3 sec averaging)Position Linearity: < 1.5%Relative Position Accuracy: < 5%Intensity Stability: < 2%
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 28
Demonstrated Beam MeasurementsDemonstrated Beam Measurements
Recycler-type BPM front-end is set up for development and tests in TeV House A1
Connects to both Proton and Pbar signals of one horizontal BPM and one vertical BPM
Interfaced to ACNET with small subset of ultimate required functionality
Closed orbit and turn-by-turn measurement performance have been demonstrated
In use to assess narrowband frequency domain p/pbar signal de-convolution
Will soon demonstrate “wide” time separation of Protons and Pbars (utilize isolated bunches at the ends of the otherwise over-lapping 12-bunch trains); ~50 rather than ~5 nsec timing
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 29
Proton Positions in Load of Store #3172: Proton Positions in Load of Store #3172: OldOld vs vs New New
Old: rms error ~140 um for uncoalesced beam, ~70 um for coalesced beam, and 0.6 mm “step” between the two
New: rms error ~25 um for uncoalesced beam, <9 um for coalesced beam, no “step” between the two
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 30
Closed Orbit Resolution During Proton LoadingClosed Orbit Resolution During Proton Loading
Green: Vertical Position @ 100 microns/div showing ~10 micron resolution and orbit changes due to leakage fields in ramping injection Lambertson magnet
Red: Beam Intensity showing proton bunches loadingYellow: Time in Supercycle
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 31
Upper Limit of Closed Orbit ResolutionUpper Limit of Closed Orbit Resolution
Average of standard deviations for twelve five-minute intervals
First one-hour interval Second one-hour interval
0.0085 ± 0.00061 mm
0.0090 ± 0.00072 mm
Two one-hour periods of 1 KHz bandwidth proton position measurement data, 17 hours apart, in store #3148. (data-logged at
1 Hz) 50 microns / vertical division
Demonstrates upper limit resolution of 9 microns rms in 1 Khz (any real beam motion not excluded) to meet spec of 7 micron 1 sigma
in ~10Hz
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 32
Injection Turn-By-Turn --- Un-coalesced ProtonsInjection Turn-By-Turn --- Un-coalesced Protons
0 200 400 600 800 10002.5
2.25
2
1.75
1.5
va14_pos n
n
0 200 400 600 800 10001
1.5
2
2.5
3
ha15_pos n
n
0.5 0.550
0.02
0.04
fftv14p m
1fm
0.5 0.550
0.02
0.04
ffth15p m
1fm
Vertical A14 Horizontal A15
vertical axis units are millimeters in all plots
vertical tune horizontal tune
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 33
Turn-by-Turn Long After Injection Single Coalesced Turn-by-Turn Long After Injection Single Coalesced Bunch Bunch
0 200 400 600 800 10002.5
2.38
2.25
2.13
2
va14_pos n
n
0 200 400 600 800 10001
1.5
2
2.5
3
ha15_pos n
n
Vertical A14 Horizontal A15
0.5 0.550
0.02fftv14p m
1fm
0.5 0.550
0.005ffth15p m
1fm
vertical axis units
are millimeters in all plots
Horizontal transverse motion due to persistent synchrotron oscillation
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 34
Upper Limits on TBT Resolution --- Vertical A14Upper Limits on TBT Resolution --- Vertical A14
If remove betatron and synchrotron motion by zeroing 17 frequency line amplitudes around betatron frequencies and one at synchrotron frequency, leaving untouched 494 of the original 512 frequencies, TBT resolution is found to be 15 microns
0 500 1000
2.4
2.2
2
va14_pos n
n0 1 10
42 10
40
0.02fftv14p m
fm
Standard deviation of raw data is 34 microns
0 500 1000
2.4
2.2
2
vcooln
n0 1 10
42 10
40
0.02fftv14p m
fm
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 35
Same Coalesced Proton Bunch Given Big Vertical Same Coalesced Proton Bunch Given Big Vertical KickKick
Vertical A14 Horizontal A15
0 200 400 600 800 10006
4
2
0
2
va14_pos n
n
0 200 400 600 800 10001
1.5
2
2.5
3
ha15_pos n
n
0.5 0.550
0.5
1
fftv14p m
1fm
0.5 0.550
0.1ffth15p m
1fm
vertical tune horizontal tune vertical tune
BPM Projects - DoE Tevatron Operations Review - March 2005 - Webber 36
Antiproton “Plan A”Antiproton “Plan A”
Model BPM as an 8-port network at processing frequency Measure network transfer functions with beam, e.g. ratio of proton signal
on pbar end to proton signal on proton end Measure signals then correct according to pre-determined transfer
function before computing positions Measurements in process to determine achievable accuracy
LinearSystem
P Upper In
P Lower In
Pbar Upper In
P UpperScope
In Refl
In Refl
InRefl
InRefl
Pbar UpperScope
P LowerScope
Pbar LowerScope
1
2 7 8
3
4
56
BPM
Ap
Protons Pbars
Apbar
BpbarBp