BOVILIS CLOSTRIDIAL VACCINE PORTFOLIO

Stay one step ahead of ever-present threats...with Bovilis®

clostridial vaccines

BOVILIS® CLOSTRIDIAL VACCINE PORTFOLIO

FR

OM POTENTIAL

TO PER F O R M ANCE

5 HARD FACTS ABOUT CLOSTRIDIAL DISEASES

1. The natural habitats of clostridia (anaerobic, gram-positive organisms that are found either as living cells or dormant spores) are soils and the intestinal tracts of animals.1

2. Pathogenic strains or their toxins may be acquired by susceptible animals, either by wound contamination or ingestion.1

3. Clostridia thrive in wounds or tissue with little or no exposure to oxygen, causing two categories of disease.

4. Clostridial diseases strike quickly and often fatally, making them a constant threat to successful cattle production in many parts of the world.1

5. Vaccination provides a cost-effective and responsible way to help:

• Prevent the loss of valuable cattle.

• Decrease the need for the use of antibiotics, in keeping with marketplace trends and new Canadian regulations regarding the prudent use of antimicrobials.

Diseases in which the organisms actively invade or when locally dormant spores are activated and reproduce in the tissues of the host, with the production of toxins that enhance the spread of infection (gas-gangrene group, clostridial cellulitides group).1

Diseases characterized by toxemia resulting from the absorption of toxins produced by organisms within the digestive system (enterotoxemias), in devitalized tissue (tetanus), or in food or carrion outside the body (botulism).1

COVEXIN®, TASVAX® and VISION® are registered trademarks of Intervet International B.V. Used under license. MERCK® is a registered trademark of Merck Canada Inc. © 2019 Intervet Canada Corp. All rights reserved.

9-way coverage against clostridial diseases

INCLUDING Tetanus


INCLUDING Tetanus


with patented SPUR® adjuvant

Tasvax® 8Covexin® Plus

Why include tetanus?

Protecting cattle against tetanus makes economic sense, since treatment is time consuming and expensive, with mortality rates reaching upwards of 80% in some cases.

Vision® 8 Somnus with SPUR®

Vision® 8 with SPUR

5 COMPELLING REASONS TO PROTECT VALUABLE CATTLE WITH BOVILIS® CLOSTRIDIAL VACCINES FROM MERCK ANIMAL HEALTH

The risk of exposure to clostridia is high. The benefits of preventive vaccination are clear.

1. Stämpfi HR. Overview of clostridial diseases. Merck Veterinary Manual. Available at https://www.merckvetmanual.com/generalized-conditions/clostridial-diseases/overview-of-clostridial-diseases (consulted July 19, 2019).

MERCK ANIMAL HEALTH’S BOVILIS® LINE OF CLOSTRIDIAL VACCINES

1. Extensive, flexible coverage against important clostridial pathogens.

2. The only 8- and 9-way clostridial vaccines available in Canada that include coverage against tetanus.

3. An 8-way vaccine that also protects against Histophilus somnus, a bacterial pathogen commonly linked with bovine respiratory disease (BRD).

4. The patented SPUR® adjuvant, for low reactivity and to help ensure the precise amount of antigens required for immunization are delivered with every dose.

5. Subcutaneous administration that helps promote beef quality.


INCLUDING Histophilus somni


• Contains purified extracts of 9 clostridial diseases, including tetanus.

• Low-volume 2-mL dose, administered subcutaneously.

- Reduced incidence of injection-site lesions.1

• Proprietary adjuvant traps the maximum amount of antigens, for optimal safety and efficacy.

Covexin® Plus The only cattle vaccine that provides broad protection against 9 deadly clostridial pathogens, including tetanus

Covexin® Plus at a glance

* Although C. perfringens Type B is not a signifciant problem in Canada, immunity is derived from a combination of Type C (beta) and Type D (epsilon) C. perfringens fractions.

• Healthy cattle, 3 months of age or older

C. tetani (Tetanus)

C. septicum (Malignant edema)

C. chauvoei (Blackleg)

C. novyi Type B (Black disease or infectious necrotic hepatitis)

C. haemolyticum (Bacillary hemoglobinuria)

C. perfringens Type C (Enterotoxemia)

C. perfringens Type D (Enterotoxemia)

Beta and epsilon toxins of C. perfringens Type B*

Calves vaccinated at 3 to 6 months of age should be given a third vaccination with either Covexin® Plus or another vaccine containing C. perfringens Type D epsilon toxoid, to aid in the prevention of disease caused by C. perfringens Type D.

Revaccinate annually with 2 mL prior to periods of extreme risk or parturition.

2 mL, subcutaneously

Administer another 2 mL dose in 3 weeks

C. sordellii

C. perfringens

• Aids in the prevention of disease









Covexin® Plus

BACTERIN-TOXOID

INDICATIONS

DOSAGE

PRIMARY VACCINATION

REVACCINATION

PRESENTATION

10 doses (20 mL)50 doses (100 mL)

125 doses (250 mL)

WITHDRAWAL PERIOD

21 days

COVEXIN® is a registered trademark of Intervet International B.V. Used under license. MERCK® is a registered trademark of Merck Canada Inc. © 2019 Intervet Canada Corp. All rights reserved.

1. George MH. Injection site lesions in carcasses of cattle receiving injections at branding and weaning. Journal of Animal Science (1995) 73: 3235-3240.

Clostridium

Always read and follow the label instructions to ensure this product is suitable for the animal to be vaccinated. Please consult the summary page for the complete line of Merck Animal Health clostridial vaccines for cattle.

Tasvax® 8 Essential 8-way coverage against ever-present and life-threatening clostridial diseases, including tetanus

• Contains the immunizing antigens of 8 important clostridial pathogens, including tetanus.

• Formulated with a potassium alum adjuvant.

Tasvax® 8 at a glance

To maintain a constant level of high immunity, booster injections should be administered:

• at 6-month intervals, or

• when outbreaks are seasonal, at least 2 weeks before an anticipated outbreak.

Calves vaccinated before 3 months of age should be revaccinated at 4 to 6 months of age.

Calves vaccinated at 3 months of age or older should be revaccinated 6 weeks later.

Two 4-mL subcutaneous injections,

with an interval of 6 weeks between injections.

DOSAGE

PRIMARY VACCINATION

REVACCINATION

PRESENTATION

50 mL Flexipack 100 mL Flexipack250 mL Flexipack500 mL Flexipack

WITHDRAWAL PERIOD

21 days

• Healthy cattle

Clostridium



C. tetani (Tetanus)

C. novyi Type B (Black disease or infectious necrotic hepatitis)

C. perfringens Type B (Lamb dysentery)

C. perfringens Type C (Hemorrhagic enterotoxemia)

C. perfringens Type D (Pulpy kidney)


• For the vaccination of cattle against disease








Tasvax® 8

BACTERIN-TOXOID

INDICATIONS

Always read and follow the label instructions to ensure this product is suitable for the animal to be vaccinated. Please consult the summary page for the complete line of Merck Animal Health clostridial vaccines for cattle.

TASVAX® is a registered trademark of Intervet International B.V. Used under license. MERCK® is a registered trademark of Merck Canada Inc. © 2019 Intervet Canada Corp. All rights reserved.

Vision® 8 with SPUR® Low-volume, low-reactive 8-way clostridial vaccine with unique advanced antigen delivery

• Contains immunity-stimulating antigens of major clostridial pathogens.

• Advanced antigen delivery with patented SPUR® technology.

- After shaking to mix, the SPUR® adjuvant keeps antigens in suspension for long periods of time, instead of settling out.

- Homogeneity helps ensure each animal receives the precise amount of antigens required for immunization in every single dose.

- The SPUR® adjuvant provides more binding sites for the antigens, plus a one-of-a-kind “entrapment” feature.

- Greater antigen exposure induces optimal immune response.

• In comparative trials, low-volume 2-mL subcutaneous Vision® vaccines were shown to result in statistically fewer and less severe post-vaccinal injection site reactions vs. 5-mL clostridial vaccines.1

Vision® 8 with SPUR® at a glance

In animals subject to reexposure to C. haemolyticum, revaccinate every 5 to 6 months.


Repeat in 3 to 4 weeks

DOSAGE

PRIMARY VACCINATION

REVACCINATION

PRESENTATION


WITHDRAWAL PERIOD

21 days

• Healthy cattle

Clostridium



C. haemolyticum (Bacillary hemoglobinuria/Red water)

C. novyi (Black disease)

C. sordelli










Vision® 8 with SPUR®

BACTERIN-TOXOID

INDICATIONS

Always read and follow the label instructions to ensure this product is suitable for the animal to be vaccinated. Please consult the summary page for the complete line of Merck Animal Health clostridial vaccines for cattle.1. George MH. Injection site lesions in carcasses of cattle receiving injections at branding and weaning. Journal of Animal Science (1995) 73: 3235-3240.

VISION® is a registered trademark of Intervet International B.V. Used under license. MERCK® is a registered trademark of Merck Canada Inc. © 2019 Intervet Canada Corp. All rights reserved.

• Combination vaccine with extensive coverage against:

- Eight important clostridial pathogens, plus

- Histophilus somni, one of the three major bacterial pathogens isolated in calves with BRD.1,2

• Advanced antigen delivery with patented SPUR® technology.

- After shaking to mix, the SPUR® adjuvant keeps antigens in suspension for long periods of time, instead of settling out.

- Homogeneity helps ensure each animal receives the precise amount of antigens required for immunization in every single dose.

- The SPUR® adjuvant provides more binding sites for the antigens, plus a one-of-a-kind “entrapment” feature.

- Greater antigen exposure induces optimal immune response.

• In comparative trials, low-volume 2-mL subcutaneous Vision® vaccines were shown to result in statistically fewer and less severe post-vaccinal injection site reactions vs. 5-mL clostridial vaccines.3

Vision® 8 Somnus with SPUR ® Dual clostridial disease and haemophilosis coverage in a unique low-volume vaccine with advanced antigen delivery

Vision® 8 Somnus with SPUR® at a glance

Always read and follow the label instructions to ensure this product is suitable for the animal to be vaccinated. Please consult the summary page for the complete line of Merck Animal Health clostridial vaccines for cattle.1. Gagea MI, Bateman KG, et al. Diseases and pathogens associated with mortality in Ontario beef feedlots. J Vet Diagn Invest (2006) 18: 18-28. 2. Francoz D, Buczinski S, et al. Identification and determination of the antimicrobial susceptibility of the main respiratory pathogens isolated from calves in dairy herds with respiratory diseases in Québec. The AABP Proceedings (September 2013) Vol. 46. 3. George MH. Injection site lesions in carcasses of cattle receiving injections at branding and weaning. Journal of Animal Science (1995) 73: 3235-3240.

• Healthy cattle

Histophilus

Clostridium

H. somni




C. novyi (Black disease)

C. sordelli











Vision® 8 Somnus with SPUR®

BACTERIN-TOXOID

INDICATIONS

In animals subject to reexposure to C. haemolyticum, revaccinate every 5 to 6 months.


Repeat in 3 to 4 weeks

DOSAGE

PRIMARY VACCINATION

REVACCINATION

PRESENTATION


250 doses (500 mL)

WITHDRAWAL PERIOD

21 days

VISION® is a registered trademark of Intervet International B.V. Used under license. MERCK® is a registered trademark of Merck Canada Inc. © 2019 Intervet Canada Corp. All rights reserved.

Clostridium

C. chauvoei

C. haemolyticum

C. novyi Type B

C. perfringens Type B

C. perfringens Type D

C. septicum

C. novyi

C. sordelli

C. perfringens Type C

C. tetani

VACCINE ANTIGENS

Covexin® Plus Vision® 8 with SPUR®

Tasvax® 8 Vision® 8 Somnus with SPUR®

H. somni

Histophilus

Dose volume 2 mL 4 mL 2 mL 2 mL

Administration SQ SQ SQ SQ

ADMINISTRATION

Always read and follow the label instructions to ensure this product is suitable for the animal to be vaccinated.

* * *

COVEXIN®, TASVAX® and VISION® are registered trademarks of Intervet International B.V. Used under license. MERCK® is a registered trademark of Merck Canada Inc. © 2019 Intervet Canada Corp. All rights reserved.

* Immunity is derived from a combination of Type C (beta) and Type D (epsilon) C. perfringens fractions.

Overview of Merck Animal Health’s Bovilis® line of clostridial vaccinesThe chart below provides a summary of Bovilis® vaccines that include coverage against important clostridial pathogens, to assist veterinarians and producers in developing comprehensive vaccination programs tailored to specific needs and herd management objectives.

Frequently asked questionsWHICH CATTLE VACCINES IN THE MERCK ANIMAL HEALTH PORTFOLIO INCLUDE CLOSTRIDIAL PROTECTION?

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO VACCINATE AGAINST CLOSTRIDIAL DISEASES?

WHY IS PROTECTION AGAINST TETANUS IMPORTANT

Merck Animal Health offers an extensive portfolio of vaccines to protect cattle against respiratory, reproductive, clostridial and enteric pathogens.

The following vaccines include coverage against important clostridial pathogens, providing veterinarians and producers with flexible options for customized vaccination programs in response to specific needs and disease risks:

To find out more about each of these products, please consult the vaccine information sheets.

Clostridial diseases are caused by clostridia, bacteria that are widespread in the environment and are normally found in soils and in animals’ intestinal tracts. Clostridia spores are highly resistant and can survive for very long periods in the environment. They may also lay dormant in the gastrointestinal tract and tissues of healthy animals.

Disease occurs when clostridia enter the body and encounter conditions where there is little or no oxygen, which causes them to multiply and release toxins.

Disease can appear abruptly and often fatally. Treatment success is rare.

Because clostridia are ever-present in the environment, all animals are at risk of exposure, and should be vaccinated against clostridial diseases.

Tetanus is caused by bacteria called Clostridium tetani that thrive in wounds or tissue with little or no exposure to oxygen. Avoiding tetanus makes sense, since treatment is very time-consuming and expensive, and mortality rates can exceed 80%.

As a general rule, vaccination against tetanus is recommended before periods of high risk, such as:

• Covexin® Plus• Tasvax® 8

• Calving• Potential injuries• Tail docking

• Ear tagging• Dehorning• Banding/castration

• Abrupt changes in diet and/or increased consumption

• Vision® 8 with SPUR®

• Vision® 8 Somnus with SPUR®

Contrary to popular belief, 8-way clostridial vaccines do not automatically provide coverage against tetanus.

In Canada, only two vaccines with extensive clostridial protection include a tetanus toxoid:

DO ALL 8-WAY CLOSTRIDIAL VACCINES PROVIDE PROTECTION AGAINST TETANUS?

AT WHAT AGE ARE ANIMALS MOST SUSCEPTIBLE TO CLOSTRIDIAL DISEASES?

Clostridium chauvœi

Clostridium novyi (Type B)

Clostridium hæmolyticum

Clostridium perfringens (Type B)

Clostridium perfringens (Type C)

Clostridium perfringens (Type D)

Clostridium septicum

Clostridium sordellii

Clostridium tetani

Blackleg

Black disease (infectious necrotic hepatitis), malignant edema, gas gangrene

Red water (bacillary hemoglobinuria)

Enterotoxemia, enteritis

Hemorrhagic enterotoxemia, necrotic enteritis

Pulpy kidney (enterotoxemia)

Malignant edema, gas gangrene, enterotoxemia

Enterotoxemia, sudden death, malignant edema

Tetanus, lock jaw, spastic paralysis

3-12 months0-14 days 1-3 years2-13 weeks > 3 yearsDISEASESANTIGEN

APPROXIMATE AGE OF SUSCEPTIBILITY

• Covexin® Plus• Tasvax® 8

1. George MH. Injection site lesions in carcasses of cattle receiving injections at branding and weaning. Journal of Animal Science (1995) 73: 3235-3240.

COVEXIN®, TASVAX® and VISION® are registered trademarks of Intervet International B.V. Used under license. MERCK® is a registered trademark of Merck Canada Inc. © 2019 Intervet Canada Corp. All rights reserved. 962840 CA-BOV-190700003

IN A NUTSHELL, WHAT COVERAGE DO THE VACCINES IN MERCK ANIMAL HEALTH’S BOVILIS® CLOSTRIDIAL PROTECTION PORTFOLIO PROVIDE?


INCLUDING Tetanus


INCLUDING Tetanus




PLUS Histophilus somni


Tasvax® 8Covexin® Plus Vision® 8 Somnus with SPUR®

Vision® 8 with SPUR

Vision® 8 with SPUR® and Vision® 8 Somnus with SPUR® are designed for low reactivity, with an advanced antigen delivery featuring exclusive patented SPUR® technology.

The proprietary SPUR® adjuvant keeps the antigens in stable suspension for long periods of time, instead of settling out.

These unique suspension properties provide more exposed available binding sites for the antigens, with an “entrapment” feature not found in any other adjuvant, to help:

• Induce an optimal immune response.

• Ensure that each animal receives the precise amount of antigens required for immunization in every single dose.

In comparative trials, low-volume 2-mL subcutaneous Vision® vaccines were shown to result in statistically fewer and less severe post-vaccinal injection site reactions vs. 5-mL clostridial vaccines.1

WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF THE PATENTED ADJUVANT IN VISION® 8 WITH SPUR® AND VISION® 8 SOMNUS WITH SPUR®?

BOVILIS CLOSTRIDIAL VACCINE PORTFOLIO

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