Borrowed funds’ refer to the funds raised through loans or borrowings. The sources for raising...

Borrowed funds’ refer to the funds raised through loans or borrowings. The sources for raising borrowed funds include loans from commercial banks, loans from financial institutions, issue of debentures, public deposits and trade credit. Such sources provide funds for a specified period, on certain terms and conditions and have to be repaid after the expiry of that period.

Owner’s FundSources of Business

Finance

Borrowed Fund

DebenturesBorrowed Fund

Debentures are an important instrument for raising long term debt capital. A company can raise funds through issue of debentures, which bear a fixed rate of interest. The debenture issued by a company is an acknowledgment that the company has borrowed a certain amount of money, which it promises to repay at a future date.Highlights Debentures carries a fixed rate

of interest as the return to its holders. Debenture holders are the creditors of the company.

Public issue of debentures requires

that the issue be rated by a credit rating agency like CRISIL (Credit Rating and Information Services of India Ltd.)

Debentures are generally considered as the less risky on the point of view of the investors as it carries a fixed interest.

On the view point of the investors debentures seems to be less risky as it provides a fixed rate of return on their investment. hence it is preferred by investors who want fixed income at lesser risk.

Less Risk

No Profit sharing

Economic Source of Finance

Control

Debentures

Suitable for stable companies

Advantages Debentures Borrowed Fund

Less Risk


No Profit sharing


Control

Debentures

The issue of debentures is suitable in the situation when the sales and earnings are relatively stable, because under such situations the companies can pay the interest without default.


Less Risk


No Profit sharing


Control

Financing through debentures isless costly as compared to cost ofpreference or equity capital as the interest payment on debentures is tax deductible.

Debentures


Less Risk

No Profit sharing


Control

Debentures


Debentures are fixed charge funds carrying interest as the return to the investor. Hence it is not necessary to distribute the profit of the company among the debenture holders.


Less Risk

No Profit sharing


Control

Debentures

As debentures do not carry voting rights and hence financing through debentures does not dilute control of equity shareholders onManagement.

No Voting Right



Commercial banks occupy a vital position as they provide funds for different purposes as well as for different time periods. Banks extend loans to firms of all sizes and in many ways, like cash credits, overdrafts, term loans, purchase/ discounting of bills, and issue of letter of credit. Not a permanent source of finance.

Financial assistance on the basis of collateral security.

Loan cam be repaid in either lump sum or in installments.

Rate of interest may vary depending on the period of repayment, nature of loan etc.

Flexible source of finance.

Commercial BanksBorrowed Fund


Commercial Banks

Timely Assistance

Secrecy of Business

Flexible Source ofFinance

Less Formalities

Commercial Banks provide timely assistance to business by providing funds as and when needed by it. Hence it proved to be a reliable source of finance to the firms.

Timely Assistance

Flexible source of Finance

Less Formalities

Secrecy of Business


Commercial Banks

Timely Assistance

Secrecy of Business

Flexible Source of Finance

Less Formalities

Commercial banks does not disclose the account details of its customers to others. Hence the Secrecy of business can be maintained and the information supplied to the bank by the borrowers is kept confidential


Commercial Banks

Timely Assistance

Secrecy of Business


Less Formalities

Loans from commercial banks are less formal as compared to issue of shares as the formalities such as issue of prospectus and underwriting are not required for raising loans from a bank.


Commercial Banks

No prospectus

No underwriting

Loan from a bank is a flexiblesource of finance as the loanamount can be increasedaccording to business needs andcan be repaid in advance whenfunds are not needed.


Timely Assistance

Secrecy of Business


Less Formalities

Commercial Banks

Flexible Amount

Easy Repayments

The deposits that are raised by organisations directly from the public are known as public deposits. Rates of interest offered on public deposits are usually higher than that offered on bank deposits. Any person who is interested in depositing money in an organisation can do so by filling up a prescribed form.

Suitable for short term and medium term finance.

Simple procedures than a loan agreement.

Less Costly as compared to loans and other sources. Public deposits do not

usually create any charge on the assets of the company. As the depositors do not

have voting rights, the control of the company is not diluted.

Public DepositBorrowed Fund

Trade credit is the credit extended by one trader to another for the purchase of goods and services. Trade credit facilitates the purchase of supplies without immediate payment. Such credit appears in the records of the buyer of goods as ‘sundry creditors’ or ‘accounts payable’.

Convenient andcontinuous source of funds.

Trade credit may be readily available in case the credit worthiness of the customers is known to the seller.

Trade credit needs to promote

the sales of an organization. It does not create any

charge onthe assets of the firm whileproviding funds.

Trade CreditBorrowed Fund

Advantages of Trade Credit

Borrowed funds’ refer to the funds raised through loans or borrowings. The sources for raising...

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