Born Sleeping: Paternal Grief Responses in Relation to a Perinatal Loss.Thesis Formatted Edited...

8/9/2019 Born Sleeping: Paternal Grief Responses in Relation to a Perinatal Loss.Thesis Formatted Edited Prefinal Copy

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F@VG \NKKQIGE

QDXKVGDN EVIKO VK\Q@G\K\IG VKNDXI@G X@ D QKVIGDXDN

N@\\

fy

Knisdfkxm Ldbinnkvi

D xmk|i| |{fbixxkh x` xmkOdl{nxy ò Kh{ldxi`g igqdvxidn o{noinbkgx ò xmk

vkt{ivkbkgx| o`v xmk hkevkkò

Fdlmkn`v ò Q|ylm`nèy

[gikv|ixy ò Bdnxd

Dqvin 611;

i


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O`veik bk io I h` g`x lvy

Xmk hdy y`{ hikXmk |ibqnk|x vkd|`g xmdx I jg`u i|

Odxmkv| dvk g`x |{qq`|kh x` lvyI oie{vkh y`{ u`{nh k}qklx bk

X` fk |xv`geX` dlx xmk udy I u`{nh mdk

Xd{emx y`{O`veik bk. by |`g. io I h` g`x lvy

Xmk hdy y`{ hikO`veik bk io I h`

Dg`gyb`{|

ii


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F@VG \NKKQIGE

QDXKVGDN EVIKOVK\Q@G\K\ IG VKNDXI@GX@ D QKVIGDXDN N@\\

Fy Knisdfkxm Ldbinnkvi

Nixkvdx{vk |mù| xmdx qkvigdxdn n`|| kgxdin| qdvkgxdn eviko

dgh hk|qdiv' Xmk dib ò xmi| |x{hy ud| x` k}qn`vk odxmkv|

vk|q`g|k| dgh k}qkvikglk| ò xmi| n`||' \i} bkg ukvk

igxkvikukh fkxukkg 4 ukkj dgh 41 ykdv| doxkv xmk n`||'

Xmk igxkviku| ukvk dgdnyskh {|ige qmkg`bkg nèildn

bkxm`h`nèy' B`|x odxmkv| k}qkvikglkh |m`lj. hi|fkniko

dgh hi|dqqìgxbkgx' Dnn bkg oknx xmk gkkh x` |{qq`vx xmkiv

qdvxgkv. òxkg q{|mige d|ihk xmkiv ùg okknige| ò eviko x`

mknq xmkiv uik|' Odxmkv| |q`jk df`{x gkkhige x` fk dn`gk

dx xibk| x` ekx ig x`{lm uixm xmkiv xm`{emx| `v kb`xi`g|.

|`bkxmige xmdx xmkiv qdvxgkv|. ovikgh|. dgh odbiny òxkg

l`{nh g`x {ghkv|xdgh' Odxmkv| o`{gh m`|qixdn |{qq`vx dgh

x`jkg| ò vkbkbfvdglk mknqkh xmkb mkdn' Vkniei`{| fkniko|

dgh d |likgxioil lègixik ovdbku`vj ukvk ibq`vxdgx udy|

ò bkdgige bdjige' Odxmkv| |dih xmi| k}qkvikglk

|xvkgexmkgkh xmkiv vkndxi g|miq dgh dnn ukh xmkb fkxxkv

{ghkv|xdghige dgh kbqdxmy o`v `xmkv| n`||k|'

Jkyu`vh|3Odxmkv|. Eviko. N`||. Qkvigdxdn'

iii


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D{xm`v| Hklndvdxi`g

I xmk {ghkv|iegkh h` mkvkfy hklndvk xmdx xmi| hi||kvxdxi`g i| by `ug

`vieigdn u`vj dgh xmdx ix h`k| g`x l`gxdig bdxkvidn xmdx md| fkkg dnvkdhy{|kh. k}lkqx umkvk `xmkvui|k dljg`unkhekh ig xmk xk}x'

\iegkh3

Knisdfkxm Ldbinnkvi

Dqvin 611;

i


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Hkhildxi`g

X` dnn xmk lminhvkg um` mdk hikh

Uk vkbkbfkv y`{

X` dnn xmk qdvkgx|. xmk `gk| t{`xkh ig xmi| hi||kvxdxi`g dgh xmk

`xmkv| um` mdk xdnjkh uixm bk.

dgh xmk binni`g| `o `xmkv| um` mdk k}qkvikglkh xmk hkdxm `o d

b{lm n`kh lminh'


6/111


7/111

Xdfnk `o L`gxkgx|

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

ii


8/111

iii


9/111

Lmdqxkv 4

Igxv`h{lxi`g

i}


10/111

Qkvigdxdn hkdxm i| d niok kkgx xmdx qdvkgx| dvk {gqvkqdvkh o`v' Ig `gk

ig|xdgx. xmky dvk |dyige e``hfyk fko`vk |dyige mknn` -Jivj / \lmuvkfkvx.

49=4)'

Ix i| vdvkny hi|l{||kh ig qvkegdgly. lminhfivxm. dgh |k} kh{ldxi`g bdxkvidn|

hivklxkh xùdvh| xmk ndy q`q{ndxi`g. g`v i| ix igln{hkh ig lminhfivxm lnd||k|

- Qdg{xm`| / V`bkv`. 49=5 )' Xmk hkdxm ò d fdfy. umkxmkv dx fivxm `v ig

xmk ukkj| `v b`gxm| ibbkhidxkny doxkvudvh|. i| g` nk|| d hkdxm xmdg dgy

`xmkv' -J`mgkv / Mkgnky. 4994: In|k. 6116)'

[gxin xmk kdvny 49?1|. qkvigdxdn n`|| ud| g`x dljgùnkhekh fy

xmk bkhildn l`bb{gixy d| d vkdn fkvkdkbkgx xmdx hk|kvkh |kvi`{|

dxxkgxi`g -M{emk|. 499=: Vdhk|xdh. \db{kn||`g / \kek|xkg. 6114)' Viemx

{q x` xmk 49=1|. b`xmkv| ukvk dhi|kh g`x x` |kk xmk hkdh fdfy dgh x`

o`vekx umdx mdqqkgkh. umink xmk odxmkv ud| |kkg d| mdige xmk v`nk ò

l`bo`vxige xmk b`xmkv' Xmky ukvk g`x l`g|ihkvkh x` mdk dgy okknige| ò

hi|xvk||' -M{emk|.499=)'

Xmk qvkdinige m`|qixdn q`nily ud| xmdx ò qv`xklxige xmk qdvkgx|

ov`b eviko fy qvkkgxige dgy l`gxdlx uixm xmk lminh. ix ud| dlx{dnny

o`vfihhkg o`v odxmkv| x` fk qvk|kgx dx d |xinnfivxm -M{emk|. 499=: Vdhk|xdh kx

}


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dn'. 6111)' D Bdnxk|k g{v|k um` k}qkvikglkh d bi|ldvvidek dgh |xinnfivxm

mkv|kno. l`goivbkh xmdx xmi| ud| dn|` xmk dh`qxkh q`nily dx \x N{jk| h{vige

xmdx xibk -Bkdlmkg. 6118. qkv|`gdn igxkviku)'

Ig l`gxvd|x. fy xmk 49=1|. lnigilidg| fkedg x` vklègi|k xmdx

qdvkgx| e` xmv`{em |kkvk n`||' -L`gh`g. 49=?: Jivjnky. Fk|x / _dg

Hkkvk. 49=?)' Dnxm`{em xmk l`bb{gixy md| l`bk d n`ge udy ig

dljgùnkheige xmi| xyqk ò gkenklxkh n`||. odxmkv| |xinn xkgh x` fk

`kvn``jkh. xmk o`ve`xxkg b`{vgkv| -Jknngkv / Ndjk. 499


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d| vkedvh| xmkiv qdvxgkv|. xmk bkg' Ig odlx. |`bk |x{hik| mdk |qklioildnny

bdhk vkokvkglk x` xmi| dgh `{v ndlj ò {ghkv|xdghige ov`b xmk bdg|

qkv|qklxik'

Qvki`{|ny. bkg ukvk igxkvikukh d| qdvx ò xmk l`{qnk. f{x

gkkv xmk |`nk o`l{| ò d |x{hy -Nd|jkv / X`khxkv.6111: V`f|`g. 6116:

Evdy. 6114)' \`bk vk|kdvlmkv| kkg vkq`vx bkg udnjige `{x ò xmk

igxkviku bih" udy -Skdgdm. Hdgi|. Miv|mfkve. dgh Hikxs. 49=9)' @xmkv

vk|kdvlmkv| mdk |qklioildnny ldnnkh `{x o`v b`vk vk|kdvlm `g xmk bdnk

qkv|qklxik' Fndlj -d| lixkh ig V`f|`g . 6116) |xdxk| xmdx 3

Xmk fieek|x nibixdxi`g ò xmi| |x{hy dgh k}i|xige nixkvdx{vk i| xmkndlj ò igo`vbdxi`g ov`b xmk bkg um` n`|k qvkegdglik|' Nixxnk md|

fkkg mkdvh ov`b xmkb hivklxny. dgh xmky {gh`{fxkhny mdk xmkivùg |x`vik| x` xknn' Ig qdvxil{ndv. xmk qkv|i|xkgx |k} v`nk |xkvk`xyqk|

df`{x bkg vkbdigige |xv`ge. |inkgx dgh qv`xklxik ò u`bkg dx dxibk ò lvi|i| |{eek|x| d |qklidn gkkh o`v ld{xi`g ig hvduige dgyl`gln{|i`g| df`{x bkg| xv{k okknige| `v qvkokvvkh l`qige |xynk|'Ig dhhixi`g. uk gkkh x` mkdv bkg| ùg iku| `g mù xmky

qkvlkik xmkiv qdvxgkv| kb`xi`gdn gkkh| doxkv qvkegdgly n`||k|'-q'


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ò qvkegdgly. x` qvkqdvige x` fkige d gku qdvkgx' Umkg ix |{hhkgny dnn

kgh|. xmi| |kg|k ò dn`gkgk|| dgh i|`ndxi`g ldg fk kvy hkkq' -V`f|`g.

6116)

O`l{| dgh Dib|

@{v l{nx{vk h`k| g`x bdjk ix kd|y o`v evikige ighiih{dn|'

G`vbdnny eviko i| g`x xdnjkh df`{x dgh umkg ix i|. ix| uixm dg div ò

hi|l`bo`vx' Umkg uk |kk qk`qnk evikk. uk òxkg udgx x` m{vvy xmkb dn`ge

|` xmky ldg q{x ix fkmigh xmkb t{iljny' Io uk h`gx |kk dgy |ieg| ò eviko

uk bdy fvkdxmk d |iem ò vkniko fkld{|k xmkg uk ldg dlx d| xm`{em

kkvyxmige i| fdlj x` g`vbdn. kkg io ix| g`x'

Vklkgx nixkvdx{vk ig xmk oiknh òxmdndgx`nèy. xmk |x{hy ò hkdxm. md|

ihkgxioikh xmdx bkg| eviko vk|q`g|k| dvk hiookvkgx ov`b u`bkg| -Fndlj.

4994: H`jd / Bdvxig. 6114: Evdy. 6114: Vdgh`. 499


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n`|| -igodgx n`|x h{vige ndxk qvkegdgly). |xinnfivxm -igodgx n`|| h{vige

fivxm. dgh hkdxm -n`|| xmdx `ll{v| doxkv xmk igodgx| fivxm)' Bkhildn

hkoigixi`g| vkndxk x` igodgx idfinixy. uixm igodgx n`||k| xmdx `ll{v| qvi`v x`

61 ukkj| fkige vkokvvkh x` d| o kxdn ud|xdek `v |q`gxdgk`{| df`vxi`g'

Mùkkv. o`v xmk odxmkv| I |q`jk x`. vkedvhnk|| ò xmk h{vdxi`g ò xmk

qvkegdgly `v xmk g{bfkv ò n`||k|. xmk n`|| ud| k}qkvikglkh d| d hkdxm.

umilm nkox xmkb o`vkkv lmdgekh' I xmkvko`vk l`g|li`{|ny lm`|k x` {|k xmk

xkvb qkvigdxdn hkdxm `v qkvigdxdn n`|| x` vkokv x` dnn xmk n`||k| ig xmi|

|x{hy vkedvhnk|| ò xmk g{bfkv ò ukkj| ek|xdxi`g'

Xmi| |x{hy dib| x`3

O`l{| g k}qn`vige xmk fkvkdkbkgx qv`lk|| id qmkg`bkg`nèy

xmdx d odxmkv e`k| xmv`{em doxkv n`|ige mi| lminh x` |xinnfivxm dgh x`3

[ghkv|xdgh mù mi| qdvxgkv. bkhildn |xdoo. odbiny dgh ovikgh| ldg

qvìhk |{qq`vx'

B`xidxi`g

D vkndxik ò bigk n`|x d lminh dgh umink mi| uiok bdgdekh x` b`k

o`vudvh. mk o`{gh xmk n`|| b`vk hiooil{nx x` dllkqx' \{qq`vx ud| òokvkh x`

mi| uiok mùkkv. mi| |xdxk ò uknn fkige dgh mù mk ud| l`qige ud|

mdvhny x`{lmkh {q`g' Mk ud| k}qklxkh x` |{qq`vx mi| uiok dgh bdjk xmk

o{gkvdn dvvdgekbkgx|' Doxkv hìge |`bk vk|kdvlm dgh l`gxdlxige k}qkvx| ig

xmk oiknh ò qkvigdxdn n`||. I ud| b`xidxkh fy xmkiv kgl`{vdekbkgx x`

}i


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k}qn`vk xmi| dvkd o{vxmkv' C{hixm Nd|jkv -qkv|`gdn l`vvk|q`ghkglk. 48xm

Bdvlm 6118) |xdxkh xmdx ix |`{gh| nijk d evkdx x`qilI db g`x dudvk `o

dgy vk|kdvlm `g qvkegdgly n`|| dgh bkg ig xmk Bkhixkvvdgkdg dvkd. |` xmdx

bdjk| y`{v u`vj qi`gkkvige'

Lmdqxkv 6

D Nixkvdx{vk Vkiku

}


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Xmi| nixkvdx{vk vkiku qvìhk| d fv`dhkv o`{ghdxi`g dgh l`gxk}x x` mknq

{ghkv|xdgh mù bkg evikk xmk n`|| ò d lminh h{k x` qkvigdxdn hkdxm' Xmi|

uinn fk hi|l{||kh ig xmk niemx ò xmk |`lidn l`g|xv{lxii|x qkv|qklxik. umilm

iku| xmk `{xkv l`gxk}x ò |`likxy d| igon{kglige xmk ighiih{dn ig

k|xdfni|mige bkdgige'

Xmi| lmdqxkv i| hiihkh igx` xmvkk |klxi`g|' Xmk oiv|x k}qn`vk| xmk

q|ylm`nèildn qv`lk||k| o qvkegdgly xmdx bkg k}qkvikglk umkg xmky

nkdvg xmkiv xmky dvk k}qklxige d lminh. Xmk |kl`gh qvk|kgx| dvi`{| b`hkn|

dgh ovdbku`vj| o`v {ghkv|xdghige eviko. |qklioildnny bdnk eviko dgh

l{nx{vdn igon{kglk|' Xmk xmivh |klxi`g n``j| dx xmk fkvkdkbkgx |{qq`vx

|y|xkb| bkg dgh xmkiv qdvxgkv| n``j xùdvh| x` mknq vk|`nk `v bdgdek

xmkiv eviko'

6'4 Xmk Q|ylm`nèildn Qv`lk|| ò Qvkegdgly

Qvòk||i`gdn dgh ndy nixkvdx{vk hkb`g|xvdxk| dg iglvkd|ige o`l{|

`g xmk qdxkvgdn fivxm k}qkvikglk dgh udy| ò kgmdglige xmk t{dnixy ò xmi|

}i


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k}qkvikglk -Hvdqkv. 6116)'Vklkgx u`vj h`l{bkgx| xmk qvò`{gh eviko

odxmkv| e` xmv`{em fy k}qklxdgx odxmkv| um` k}qkvikglk xmk n`|| ò d b{lm

udgxkh lminh - Vdhk|xdh kx dn. 6114)'

Xmvkk qmd|k| mdk fkkg |{eek|xkh x` hk|lvifk xmk q|ylm`nèildn

|xdek| d bdg e`k| xmv`{em h{vige qvkegdgly -Bdy.49=6)'Qmd|k| ò

qdxkvgdn ig`nkbkgx ig qvkegdgly fkeig uixm xmk dgg`{glkbkgx`v

l`goivbige qmd|k ig xmk oiv|x xvibk|xkv umilm qv`h{lk okknige| ò c`y io xmk

odxmkv i| vkdhy o`v qdvkgxm``h' Xmk odxmkv dxxdlmk| mi| m`qk| dgh hvkdb| o`v

xmdx lminh'

Xmk |kl`gh |xdek i| xmk b`vdx`vi{b qmd|k. umilm l`bk| df`{x

v`{emny ig xmk |kl`gh xvibk|xkv'Xmi| ig`nk| xmk dhc{|xbkgx x` xmk vkdnixy

ò xmk qvkegdgly' Xmk odxmkv md| x` vkdni|k mk b{|x eik {q |`bk ovkkh`b

h{k x` ibqkghige odxmkvm``h. xmdx xmige| uinn gkkv fk t{ixk xmk |dbk'

Bdy -49=6) |xdxk| xmdx xmk n`gekv xibk |qkgx ig xmk b`vdx`vi{b qmd|k

vkndxk| x` odxmkv| qkvlkqxi`g| ò xmkiv ùg vkdhigk|| o`v qvkegdgly dgh

xmdx xmk |m`vxkh dgh nk|| |xvk||o{n xmi| |xdek. xmk b`vk qvkqdvkh mk okkn|

df`{x fkige d odxmkv' Xmk oigdn |xdek i| xmk o`l{|ige |xdek. umilm i| umkg

d bdg vkhkoigk| mib|kno ig xkvb| ò fkl`bige d odxmkv -Hvdqkv. 6116)'

Xmkvko`vk umkg d odxmkv k}qkvikglk| xmk n`|| ò d lminh h{k x` |xinn fivxm .

mk md| dnvkdhy {ghkve`gk q|ylm`nèildn lmdgek| x` qvkqdvk x` fkl`bk d

odxmkv'

}ii


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\xynk| ò qdxkvgdn ig nkbkgx igln{hk k}qvk||ik. ig umilm xmk

odxmkv dxxkbqx| x` k}qkvikglk xmk qvkegdgly d| b{lm d| q`||ifnk.

ig|xv{bkgxdn. ig umilm xmk odxmkv i| xmk ldvkeikv dgh xmk `f|kvkv.

ig umilm xmk odxmkv i| qd||ik dgh dxxdlmkh - Hvdqkv.6116)

Gku vk|kdvlm `g oiv|x xibk odxmkv| |mù| dxxdlmbkgx x` d fdfy

ldg igxkg|ioy d| kdvny d| xmk oiv|x xmvkk b`gxm| ò d qvkegdgly. xmkvk i| dgy

- Xmk Dek Gku|qdqkv. D{|xvdnid. Okf 46. 611


19/111

qvkegdgly |kkb b`vk vkdn o`v xmkiv qdvxgkv| -M{emk|. 499=)'\x{hik| fy

Q{hhio``x -d| lixkh ig Nd|jkv / X`khixkv 6111) o`{gh miemkv eviko |l`vk|

db`ge|x bkg um` mdh |kkg xmk {nxvd|`{gh ibdek' Xmi| ud| |kkg x` fk

vkndxkh xmk x` i||{k ò dxxdlmbkgx dgh x` xmk bkdgige qv`|qklxik qdvkgx|

eik x` xmk qvkegdgly'

6'4'4 L`gln{|i`g

Xmk u`vj df`k |mù| xmdx bkg h` e` xmv`{em q|ylm`nèildn

lmdgek dgh hkkn`qbkgx ig qvkqdvdxi`g o`v odxmkvm``h' Xmk odxmkv o`vb| dg

dxxdlmbkgx x` mi| lminh fy kgedeige ig fkmdi`{v| |{lm d| eìge x`

dgxkgdxdn lnd||k|. n``jige dx kdvny |ldg|. okknige. dgh |igeige x` xmk f{bq'

Dll`vhige x` Ndygk -4996) gku xklmg`nèik| |{lm d| qvkegdgly xk|x|.

{nxvd|`{gh| dgh dbgi`lkgxk|k| ookv3

xmk |likgxioil k}qkvikglk ò qvkegdgly. fko`vk xmk |kg|dxi`g| ò

o`kxdn b`kbkgx umilm odlinixdxk| kdvnikv dgh kdvnikv qdvkgx"igodgx

f`ghige fy `qkgige xmk u`bf x` i|{dn l`ggklxi`g dgh qvìhige

jgùnkhek ò |{lm igodgx qdvxil{ndv| |{lm d| |k} dgh |isk. n`ge

fko`vk xmk lminh i| f`vg' -q


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Qkqqkv| / Jgdqq. 499=)'Dxxdlmbkgx ldg fkeig kkg fko`vk l`glkqxi`g:

xmkvko`vk odxmkv| dn|` k}qkvikglk d qvò`{gh |kg|k ò n`|| dgh hi|xvk||

umkg xmkiv lminh hik|' Xmi| i| h{k x` xmkiv qvkqdvdxi`g o`v odxmkvm``h. dgh

dxxdlmbkgx x` xmkiv {gf`vg lminh d| uknn d| xmkiv k}qklxdxi`g| ò d

|{llk||o{n qvkegdgly'

6'6 Xmk Fkvkdkbkgx Qv`lk||

\xinnfivxm dgh gk`gdxdn hkdxm mdk fkkg nigjkh x` b`{vgige dgh

okknige| ò eviko ig f`xm odxmkv| dgh b`xmkv|. -Qkqqkv| / Jgdqq. 49=5:

Nd|jkv / X`khxkv. 6111: Vdh|xkh kx dn. 6114)'Xm{|. xmk fkvkdkbkgx

qv`lk|| md| fkkg hivklxny nigjkh x` odxmkv| um` mdk k}qkvikglkh d

|xinnfivxm' Fkvkdkbkgx xmk`vik| dgh b`hkn| dvk d {|ko{n ovdbku`vj o`v

{ghkv|xdghige xmk qv`lk|| d bdg bdy e` xmv`{em'

6'6'4' Fd|il Hkoigixi`g| ò Eviko. N`||. B`{vgige dgh Fkvkdkbkgx

Nixkvdx{vk òxkg `kvndq| ig ix| hkoigixi`g| ò eviko dgh b`{vgige

-Gdhkd{. 499=: Vdgh`. 499


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x` mdk |`bkxmige xmdx `gk o`vbkvny q`||k||kh `v x` umilm `gk ud|

dxxdlmkh'

Xmkvk dvk hiookvkgx xyqk| `o n`||' Vdgh`| -499


22/111

jgùg d| Evikou`vj' G`xige xmdx kb`xi`gdn dxxdlmbkgx| dvk lvkdxkh

-ldxmk}i|) xmdx m`nh ighiih{dn| |{lm d| qdvkgx dgh lminh xèkxmkv. Ovk{h

qvk|kgx| xmk u`vj ò eviko. `v evikou`vj d| xmk qv`lk|| ò nkxxige e` ò

dxxdlmbkgx| x` xmk fkvkdkh -hkldxmk}i|)' Ovk{h |{eek|xkh uk b{|x u`vj

mdvh x` k|xdfni|m d gku ihkgxixy ig umilm xmk hklkd|kh i| g`x qvk|kgx. dgh

xmdx odin{vk x` l`bqnkxk evikou`vj bdy vk|{nx ig hy|o{glxi`g'

C`mg Fùnfy -49=1) f{inhige `g Ovk{h. vkhivklxkh xmk dxxkgxi`g

ov`b xmk igxvdq|ylmil hygdbil| hk|lvifkh fy Ovk{h dgh n``jkh ig|xkdh x`

mù eviko igon{kglk| `{v igxkvqkv|`gdn vkndxi`g|miq|' Dll`vhige x` Fùnfy.

umkg xmk fkvkdkh `f|kvk| xmdx xmk `fcklx ò xmkiv dooklxi`g `v dxxdlmbkgx

g` n`gekv k}i|x|. xmk vk|{nx i| eviko'

Mùkkv. eviko u`vj b`hkn| odin x` xdjk igx` dll`{gx xmk d|x

dvvdy ò m{bdg vk|q`g|k| x` n`|| dgh d||{bk xmdx n`k `fcklx| ldg fk

vkqndlkh' \kkvdn xmk`vi|x| mdk dn|` qv`q`|kh xmdx eviko xdjk| xmk o`vb ò d

g{bfkv ò |xdek|' Xmk fk|x jgùg i| qv`fdfny xmdx ò Knisdfkxm J{fnkv"

V`|| -4951)' Xmv`{em mkv u`vj uixm xmk hyige. |mk ldbk {q uixm oik

|xdek| xmdx mdk kgxkvkh xmk o`njn`vk òxmdgdx`nèildn. -dn|` jgùg d|

hkdxm |x{hik|) nixkvdx{vk' Xmk|k dvk Hkgidn dgh I|`ndxi`g. Dgekv.

Fdvedigige. Hkqvk||i`g. dgh oigdnny. Dllkqxdglk' Xmk |xdek xmk`vy md|

l`bk {ghkv d n`x ò |lv{xigy ig vklkgx ykdv| k|qklidnny xmk |kt{kglk dgh

{gikv|dnixy ò xmk |xdek| mùkkv d| Jd|xkgfd{b. -499=) qìgx| `{x3

}}ii


23/111

Gkkvxmknk||. |kkvdn dn{dfnk l`gxvif{xi`g| ò J{fnkv" V`|||dqqv`dlm. igln{hige xmk |xdek xmk`vy |m`{nh fk jkqx ig bigh' Xmkdn{k ò mkv u`vj ig dudjkgige |`likxik| |kg|ixiixymd| g`x

fkkg ldnnkh igx` t{k|xi`g' Dllkqxige xmk |xdek xmk`vy i| g`xk||kgxidn o`v dqqvklidxi`g ò mkv bdgy {|ko{n ig|iemx|' -q'?9)

Uinnidb U`vhkg -49=6) dhdglkh `g xmk g`xi`g xmdx xmk

fkvkdkh mdk d |qklioil |kx ò xd|j| `v qv`lk||k| ig `vhkv x` vkl`glink xmkiv

eviko' Xmi| i| jgùg d|evikou`vj' Xmk fkvkdkh dvk |kkg d| dlxik vdxmkv

xmdg qd||ik qdvxiliqdgx|' [gnijk kdvnikv xmk`vik|. xmk l`gxig{kh qvk|kglk ò

xmk hklkd|kh ig xmk nik| ò xmk fkvkdkh i| dnnùkh' Xmkvk i| vklègixi`g.

dnxm`{em xmk vkndxi`g|miq uixm xmk fkvkdkh md| lmdgekh. ix i| g`gkxmknk|| d

vkndxi`g|miq' Xmk xd|j| mk qv`q`|kh dvk3

4' Dllkqxige xmk vkdnixy ò xmk n`||'

6' K}qkvikglige xmk qdig ò eviko'


24/111

Bdnxd i| ndvekny. bdhk {q ò qvdlxilige Ldxm`nil|' Dfknd -4998)

g`xk| xmdx Xmk Bdnxk|k mdk vkxdigkh xmkiv xvdhixi`gdn dn{k |y|xkb

-q'6;4)' Ix i| dg i|ndgh umkvk df`vxi`g i| |xinn innkedn dgh umkvk xmk lm{vlm i|

eikg b{lm ibq`vxdglk ig kkvy hdy niok' Bixlmknn -499?) uvixk| xmdx `gk

ò xmk b`|x ibq`vxdgx xmige| o`v bkg ig Bdnxd i| x` fk bdvvikh uixm

lminhvkg' Xmi| i| x` qv`k f`xm xmkiv |k}{dnixy dgh vk|q`g|ifinixy o`v xmk

odbiny umilm i| xmk q`||ifny xmk b`|x ibq`vxdgx ò dnn ig|xix{xi`g| `g xmk

i|ndgh' Xmkvko`vk. xmk n`|| ò d lminh x` |xinnfivxm bdy lmdnnkgek dgh xk|x

Bdnxk|k bkg| ihkgxixy dgh odixm ig E`h'

D gku udk ò l`gxkbq`vdvy nixkvdx{vk -H`jd / Bdvxig. 6111:

Gkibkykv. 611


25/111

miem nkkn ò mdvb x` d |iegioildgx qv`q`vxi`g ò fkvkdkh ighiih{dn| dgh

n`kh `gk| -q'}i)' Xmk kbqmd|i| i| d| b{lm `g xmk b`{vgkv|. d| `g xmk

hkdxm dgh eviko dgh xmk b`{vgige ix ekgkvdxk|'

Nixkvdx{vk `g qdxkvgdn vk|q`g|k| x` qkvigdxdn n`|| |kkb x` |{qq`vx

xmk g`xi`g xmdx vk|kdvlm md| |mùg xmdx odxmkv| vkdlxi`g| ukvk nk|| igxkg|k

dgh xmky eviko ud| vk|`nkh `kv d |m`vxkv qkvi`h ò xibk umkg l`bqdvkh

x` xmk b`xmkv| -Qkqqkv| / Jgdqq. 49=5: Nd|jkv / X`khixkv .6111: Vdh|xdh

kx dn . 6114)' Siggkv -6111) dn|` |xdxk| xmdx3

Xmk d||{bqxi`g xmdx fkvkdkbkgx uinn fk i|ifny qdigo{n bdy fkfd|kh `g |knklxik dgklh`xdn `f|kvdxi`g `v `g vk|kdvlm fd|khqvkh`bigdgxny `g uihù| dgh okbdnk |{vi`v|' Vk|kdvlm`{xl`bk| {|ige eviko d||k||bkgx ig|xv{bkgx| xmdx |l`vk vk|q`g|k|

fd|kh `g lmdvdlxkvi|xil| xmdx oix l`gxkbq`vdvy dgh vkndxiknyokbigigk"fd|kh qvòink ò evikige bdy dn|` fid| xmk k}qklxkhiku ò fkvkdkbkgx' Xm{| io `gk evikk| d| uk mdk l`bk x`k}qklx dgh hkbdgh. xmkg `gk i| dudvhkh |{vi`v|miq |xdx{|' Io`gk evikk| nk|| l`gkgxi`gdnny dgh xmkvko`vk nk|| i|ifny. xmkg`gk i| g`x -q'4=6)'

Bkg dgh u`bkg um` evikk ig d hiookvkgx bdggkv mdk fkkg

bdveigdni|kh. d| xmky h` g`x evikk nijk xmk g`vb' \kkvdn uvixkv| |{lm d|

L{nnfkve dgh Jkggknn kx dn -d| lixkh ig M{em|. 499=) l`g|ihkvkh xmk

df|kglk ò eviko doxkv d qkvigdxdn n`|| d| bdndhdqxik' Ig xmkiv |x{hik|. d

t{dvxkv ò xmk b`xmkv| dgh d xmivh ò xmk odxmkv| ukvk hkkbkh x` mdk

b{xkh vk|q`g|k| x` xmk n`||' Xmky ukvk |dih x` |{ookv nk|| |kkvk

ukkqigk||. nk|| ig|`bgid. dg`vk}id dgh |kno"fndbk dgh qkvlkikh

}}


26/111

xmkb|knk| d| l`qige odivny uknn' M{emk| -499=) |xdxk| xmdx xmi| i| lnkdvny

d l`bb`g udy x` l`qk uixm n`|| dgh eviko dgh hk|kvk| b`vk vk|kdvlm

-q'4;


27/111

fko`vk fivxm. xmk n`|| ldg fk hkd|xdxige o`v xmk odxmkv| dgh kvy òxkg. xmk

u`vnh xmdx |{vv`{gh| xmkb xkgh| x` hi|l`{gx xmkiv n`|| -BlLvkiemx. 6118)'

Dll`vhige x` H`jd dgh Bdvxig -6111). xmkvk dvk xu` |qklioil

qdxxkvg| ò evikige. d| uknn d| d q`||ifnk xmivh fnkghkh xyqk. umilm {|k| d

bi} ò xmk xu` |xynk|' Kdlm xyqk md| dg k}qkvikglk ò eviko xmdx i| hiookvkgx

dgh {|k| hiookvkgx l`qige |xvdxkeik|' Xmk oiv|x |xynk i| ldnnkhIgx{ixik

evikige dgh i| |xkvk`xyqkh. f{x g`x gklk||dviny d| okbdnk vkndxkh eviko'

Okdx{vk| vkndxkh x` Igx{ixik evikkv| dvk3

4' Okknige| dvk igxkg|kny k}qkvikglkh'

6' K}qvk||i`g| |{lm d| lvyige dgh ndbkgxige bivv`v iggkv k}qkvikglk'


28/111

\x{hik| `g qkvigdxdn n`|| dgh bi|ldvvidek. igln{hige n`ldn |x{hik|

fy Hk Bdvid -6118) dgh Bkdlmkg -611


29/111

6' Xmkiv hk|ivk x` bd|xkv xmkiv okknige|' Bd|xkvy `o `gk|kno dgh xmk

kgiv`gbkgx dvk ibq`vxdgx' D ekgkvdn vkn{lxdglk x` xdnj df`{x okknige|'


30/111

|xinn l`g|i|xkgx uixm xmk bdnk ekghkv. xm`{em oighige| ò miem |l`vk| ig

|`bk |dbqnk| ò bkg vkigo`vlk| d ld{xi`g dedig|x d||{bige xmdx odxmkv|

evikk nk|| xmdg b`xmkv|. hk|qixk l`g|ihkvdfnk kihkglk ò ekghkv

hiookvkglk|. qdvxil{ndvny |iglk xmk {|k ò |xdxi|xildn bkdg| ldg `f|l{vk

ighiih{dn |{ookvige -q


31/111

evikige v{nk| xmdx hkoigk um` dgh umdx `gk bdy evikk. dgh mù `gk|

eviko i| k}qvk||kh'

Jm`nfkve -49??) |{eek|x| xmdx bdnk dgh okbdnk ekghkv qdxxkvg|

ò xmigjige dgh okknige dvk hiookvkgxidxkh dx dg kdvny dek xmv`{em ekghkv

|qklioil qv`lk||k| ò |`lidnisdxi`g' Fkld{|k ò xmkiv |`lidnisdxi`g igx` |k}

v`nk| bkg dgh u`bkg dvk nijkny x` k}mifix hiookvkgxidn evikige qdxxkvg|

-Bdvxig / H`jd. 6114)' Mkglk. o`v bkg. bd|l{nigixy fkl`bk| d oinxkv

xmv`{em umilm k}qkvikglk| qd||'

@gk ò xmk l`|x| ò bd|l{nigixy i| umdx i| b`vk l`bb`gny

jgùg d| kb`xi`gdn igk}qvk||ikgk|| -Xm`bq|`g. 6114)' Xm`bq|`g

dve{k| xmdx bkg dvk g`x hi|l`{vdekh ov`b k}qvk||ige dnn kb`xi`g|. `gny

xm`|k xmdx dvk |kkg d| {gbdgny' [go`vx{gdxkny. eviko i| dg kb`xi`g xmdx

xkgh| g`x x` fk d||`lidxkh uixm bd|l{nigixy. dgh xmi| ldg qvk|kgx d hinkbbd

o`v bkg umkg okknige| ò eviko lnd|m uixm |`likxik| hkkqny igevdigkh

k}qklxdxi`g| -q'


32/111

Odxmkv| dvk c{|x d| {q|kx umkg d fdfy hik|' Xmky ekx ig`nkh.

xmky okkn xmk fdfy evùige ig ix| b`xmkv| |x`bdlm. okkn ix jiljige'

Ix| xmkiv lminh x``' Ykx. bkg dvk |{qq`|kh x` fk dfnk x` ekx `g

uixm xmige|' Uk dvkgx |{qq`|kh x` |ix dx `{v hk|j| dgh lvy' @xmkv

bkg bdy l`bk {q dgh |dy. Io y`{ gkkh x` xdnj. Ib mkvk. f{x

xmky h`gx bkdg ix' Bkg h`gx nijk ni|xkgige x` `xmkv bkg|

qv`fnkb|' -q'?9)

Bdgy bkg mdk fkkg xvdigkh x` xmigj uixm xmkiv mkdh| dgh

vk|q`gh lègixikny x` xmkiv n`||. h{k x` xmk bd|l{nigk |`lidnisdxi`g qv`lk||

x` umilm xmky mdk fkkg k}q`|kh x` evùige {q -Xm`bq|`g. 6114: Siggkv.

6111)' Umkg bkg dqqv`dlm eviko. xmky òxkg kgedek ig igxknnklx{dn `v u`vj

vkndxkh dlxiixik| d| xmi| dnnù| xmkb x` u`vj xmkiv bigh| ig d udy xmky dvk

dll{|x`bkh x` -H`jd / Bdvxig. 6114)' Bkg gkkh x` fk |{qq`vxkh dgh

dljgùnkhekh umkg xmky vk|q`gh lègixikny x` xmkiv n`||' Eviko ldgg`x fk

t{dgxioikh ig xkvb| ò dooklx'

6'8 \{qq`vx \y|xkb|

Bkg um` evikk xmk n`|| ò d lminh h` g`x h` |` ig d dl{{b'

Xmkvko`vk. ix i| ibq`vxdgx x` n``j dx xmk |`lidn |qmkvk xmdx |{vv`{gh| mib

doxkv xmk n`||' \{qq`vx uinn fk ikukh ig xmk niemx ò _d{}| xmk`vy `g

|`lidn |{qq`vx -49==)' Xmi| md| fkkg hkoigkh d| d qv`lk|| ig umilm qkv|`g|

}}}ii


33/111

bdgdek xmkiv |`lidn vk|`{vlk| x` bkkx |`lidn gkkh|' D |{qq`vx gkxu`vj i| d

qkv|`g| |`lidn gkxu`vj. umilm mk `v |mk x{vg| x`. `v ldg d|j o`v d||i|xdglk

ig hkdnige uixm niok| lmdnnkgek|' \{qq`vxik fkmdi`{v| igln{hk kb`xi`gdn.

dhilke{ihdglk. qvdlxildn. oigdglidnbdxkvidn. dgh |`lidnisige' Xibige dgh

xmk b`hk ig umilm xmi| |{qq`vx i| eikg ldg igon{kglk umkxmkv xmi| |{qq`vx

i| qkvlkikh d| q`|ixik `v gkedxik -Jddgd{em kx dn. 6118)' Xmk odxmkv|

qdvxgkv. um` i| dn|` eìge xmv`{em mkv ùg okknige| ò hk|qdiv dgh eviko. d|

uknn d| odbiny. ovikgh|. qk`qnk ig xmk u`vj qndlk dgh ig xmk bkhildn

qvòk||i`g ldg dnn eik |`lidn |{qq`vx' Xmi| i| ixdn ig d||i|xige mib dgh mi|

qdvxgkv x` b`k o`vudvh xèkxmkv'

\x{hik| mdk |mùg xmdx d ndlj ò |`lidn |{qq`vx hkndy| xmk

qv`lk|| ò evikige -Nd|jkv / X`khixkv. 6111: Ovikhvilm|. Hdny /

Jddgd{em 6111)' Xmi| ldg fk k|qklidnny xv{k io xmk n`|| i| xviidni|kh `v g`x

dljgùnkhekh fy xmk qk`qnk dv`{gh mib'

6'8'4 \{qq`vx ov`b xmk b`xmkv'

Umkg d fdfy hik| h{vige qvkegdgly. d b`xmkv i| `kvumknbkh

fy okknige| ò |dhgk|| dgh kbqxigk|| -J`mgkv / Mkgnky. 4994)' Mkv m`qk|

dgh hvkdb| o`v xmk o{x{vk mdk fkkg |mdxxkvkh' Odxmkv| dvk k}qklxkh x`

|{qq`vx dgh dvk òxkg xmk `gk| um` mdk x` m`nh ix ig kb`xi`gdnny dgh fvkdj

xmk gku| x` odbiny dgh ovikgh| d| uknn d| bdjige xmk o{gkvdn dvvdiegbkgx|'

}}}iii


34/111

Xmi| i| òxkg xmk oiv|x bdc`v niok lvi|i| xmdx d l`{qnk mdk odlkh

xèkxmkv. dgh ix ldg fvige qdvkgx| ln`|kv xèkxmkv `v i|`ndxk xmkb dgh q{|m

xmkb o{vxmkv dqdvx' Odlx`v| xmdx igon{kglk xmk bdvixdn vkndxi`g|miq dvk xmk

l`{qnk| dfinixy x` |mdvk xmkiv eviko. dllkqx kdlm `xmkv| hiookvkgx eviko

vk|q`g|k|. |kg|ixiixy x` kdlm `xmkv| gkkh|. onk}ifinixy ig v`nk vk|q`g|ifinixy

dgh |qkghige xibk xèkxmkv -Einfkvx. d| lixkh ig Umkknkv 6111)'

Fkld{|k bkg| vkdlxi`g| x` d |xinnfivxm dvk òxkg hiookvkgx ov`b

xmk b`xmkv|. ix i| ixdn xmdx xmky dljgùnkhek dgh dnihdxk kdlm `xmkv|

b`{vgige |xynk| dgh xvy x` dll`bb`hdxk kdlm `xmkv' \x{hik| |{lm d| xm`|k

fy Nd|jkv / X`khixkv -6111) dgh Jddgd{em. Xvikv / J`vskl -6118) mdk

|mùg xmdx l`{qnk| um` |{qq`vx kdlm `xmkv. l`bk `{x ò xmi| xvdeil kkgx

uixm d b{lm |xv`gekv f`gh dgh {nxibdxkny mdk d |xv`gekv bdvvidek' Ix i|

xm`|k l`{qnk| um` evikk dqdvx xmdx òxkg kgl`{gxkv hiooil{nxik| ndxkv `g'

B`xmkv| |m`{nh dn|` fk |kg|ixik x` xmkiv qdvxgkv| gkkh| dgh {ghkv|xdgh xmk

odlx xmdx |`bk odxmkv| bdy vkdlx ig hiookvkgx udy|'

6'8'6 Odbiny dgh Ovikgh| \{qq`vx

Qdvkgx| um` k}qkvikglk d qkvigdxdn n`|| òxkg |kkj |{qq`vx ò

odbiny dgh ovikgh| -Jddgd{em kx dn. 6118: Bdndlvihd. 4999)' Xmk udy

odbiny dgh ovikgh| d||i|x bkg h{vige xmi| hiooil{nx xibk ldg mdk nd|xige

}}}i


35/111

kooklx|' Lnybdg. Evkkg. Vùk. Bijjkn|kg / Dxdihk -d| lixkh ig

Jddgd{em kx dn. 6118) d| uknn d| Bdndlvihd -4999) . mdk o`{gh xmdx io

odxmkv| qkvlkik xmky dvk {g|{qq`vxkh xmky òxkg okkn i|`ndxkh dgh

bi|{ghkv|x``h ig xmkiv eviko' O{vxmkvb`vk. d ndlj ò |`lidn |{qq`vx md| fkkg

nigjkh x` l`bqnildxkh `v lmv`gil eviko -Nd|jkv / X`khixkv. 6111)'Qkvigdxdn

n`|| i| dooklxkh fy xmk t{dnixy dgh t{dgxixy ò |`lidn gkxu`vj|'

D |x{hy fy Lklink -dn|` lixkh ig Jddgd{em. Xvikv / Jv`skl.

6118) o`{gh xmdx bkg oknx xmdx xmkiv okknige| ukvk hi|l`{gxkh' Xmi| nkdh x`

okknige| ò dgekv. vk|kgxbkgx dgh hi|dqqìgxbkgx xùdvh| `xmkv|

-Bdndlvihd. 4999)' D odxmkv -d| lixkh ig Ukdkv. 499?) kndf`vdxkh `g mi|

k}qkvikglk| doxkv d |xinnfivxm3

Mù i| y`{v uiok hìge0 ud| xmk t{k|xi`g' I jgù y`{nn

xdjk e``h ldvk ò mkv' Ix fkldbk lnkdv xmdx I ud| d |ihknigk

`f|kvkv x` xmk n`|| ò `{v hd{emxkv'Fk |xv`ge' \mk gkkh| y`{'

Xmi| ud| xmk bk||dek {gbi|xdjdfnk' Ovikgh| k}qklx mkv x` evikk.

xmky hihgx mdk xmk |dbk k}qklxdxi`g| ò bk' By c`f ud| `gny x`

fk xmkvk o`v mkv. |`|mk l`{nh evikk' -q'?)'

F`xm odxmkv| dgh b`xmkv| gkkh x` fk eikg |{qq`vx ov`b odbiny.

ovikgh| x` qvkkgx okknige| ò i|`ndxi`g dgh q`xkgxidnny l`bqnildxkh eviko'

6'8'< M`|qixdn \{qq`vx

}}}


36/111

Qvòk||i`gdn| fkmdi`{v xùdvh| xmk vix{dn| |{vv`{ghige xmk

hkdh fdfy dgh xmkiv dxxix{hk| x` xmk fkvkdkh qdvkgx| md| l`bk d n`ge udy

-Mkgnky/ J`mgkv. 4994)' Bkhildn |xdoo i| |nùny fkl`bige dudvk xmdx

xmkvk i| d gkkh x` |{qq`vx dgh o`nnù {q qdvkgx| um` mdk n`|x d lminh dgh

x` fk b`vk |kg|ixik x` xmkiv qmy|ildn dgh q|ylm`nèildn gkkh|' \{qq`vx

xkgh| x` dvy. hkqkghige `g xmk vk|`{vlk| dnn`ldxkh ig xmk dvkd| dgh xmk

xvdigige eikg x` qvòk||i`gdn| -Mkgnky / J`mgkv. 4994)'

Odxmkv| dvk òxkg qkvlkikh fy xmk bkhildn qvòk||i`g d| xdjige

`g xmk |{qq`vxik v`nk f{x g`x fkige d fkvkdkh qkv|`g ig xmkiv ùg viemx

-Ukdkv. 499?)'X`jkg| ò vkbkbfvdglk |{lm d| qilx{vk|. n`lj| ò mdiv.

ln`xmige dgh o``x qvigx| dvk gù òokvkh x` xmk qdvkgx| d| d udy ò

vkbkbfkvige dgh dnihdxige xmk lminh' Xmk|k qvdlxilk| dn|` `ll{v ig Bdnxd'

-B' Bklmkdg. qkv|`gdn l`bb{gildxi`g. Okfv{dvy 611;)'M`|qixdn| gkkh x`

fk |kg|ixik x` f`xm qdvkgx| o`nnùige xmk n`|| ò xmkiv lminh. dgh qkvmdq|

dgxiliqdxk xmkiv gkkh|. òokvige e{ihdglk dgh nixkvdx{vk `g n`|| dgh umkvk x`

e` o`v |{qq`vx -Edvhgkv. 4999)'

6'8'8 U`vjqndlk |{qq`vx

@kvdnn nixkvdx{vk |mù| xmdx bkg k}qkvikglige xmk n`|| ò d lminh

o`{gh xmk u`vj kgiv`gbkgx x` fk {g|{qq`vxik -Ovikhvilm| kx dn. 6111.

}}}i


37/111

Bdndlvihd. 4999)' Bkg dvk òxkg xmk bdig fvkdhuiggkv| dgh |xinn k}qklxkh

x` qkvo`vb x` xmk |dbk nkkn dx u`vj kkg xm`{em xmky mdk |{ookvkh d

bdc`v n`|| -Mkgnky / J`mgkv. 4994))' L`bqdgik| gkkh x` b`k

o`vudvh ig xmkiv xmigjige dgh òokv odxmkv| xibk òo io xmky lm``|k x`. `v dx

nkd|x òokv d lmìlk ò hibigi|mige xmk u`vjn`dh'

6'8'; L`gln{|i`g

Lmdqxkv 6 md| k}dbigkh nixkvdx{vk xmdx |{qq`vx| xmk ihkd xmdx bkg

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Born Sleeping: Paternal Grief Responses in Relation to a Perinatal Loss.Thesis Formatted Edited...

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