Booklet - Studio I
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Transcript of Booklet - Studio I
INDEX
1. Objectives of the
research………………………………………………………………….……page 1
2. Research
a. Research in CO2 emissions and absorption in the area of
Sant Gervasi BCN…………………………………………………..page 3
b. Analysis of the area and absorption of CO2 by vegetation
……………………………………………………………………….………page5
c. CO2 emissions by density and traffic……………..………page 6
d. Conclusions…………………………………………………..……….page 7
3. Proposals
a. Suspended
garden………………………………………………………………….page 9
b. Green
wall……………………………………………………….……….……page 10
c. Network……………………………………………………..…….…page 11
d. Render……………………………………………………..………….page 12
4. Conclusions…………………………………………………................page 13
RESEARCH
RESEARCH IN CO2 EMISSIONS AND ABSORPTION IN THE AREA OF
SANT GERVASI BCN
ANALYSIS OF THE AREA
In the three neighborhoods Saint Gervasi – La Bonanova, Les
Tres Torres and Saint Gervasi – Galvany the research fields that
stand out the most due to its visual impact are vegetation,
transportation and residencies. Located on the foot of the Collserola
park the area presents a great of amount of gardens, parks (such as
Parc de Monterols, Jardí de Les Tres Torres and Turó Parc), and
individual green areas in between the buildings by Les Tres Torres
and Bonanova area. The occupational uses of the buildings in the area
diverge with the access of transportation to the places. Along the
main roads and subway stations in the area between the streets of
Avenida Diagonal, Via Augusta, Ronda del General Mitre and Balmes,
the buildings have a mixed use of commercial stores on the ground
floor and residencies on the floors above. Along the rest of the area,
there are mainly residence buildings, with few local services located
spread out. In the northern part of the study area, towards Collserola,
the typology starts changing; some houses can be seen between
dense green areas unlike the high concentration of buildings side by
side with internal patios in the block in the rest of the area.
CO2 EMISSIONS OF TRAFFIC
To analyze the traffic influence a research on the website
www.bcn.cat/transit/en was made searching the hours with most
traffic during the period of October 14th to October 21, 2010. The
traffic of the region was mapped during the hours of 10am-12pm,
2pm-4pm and 8pm-10pm. Finally the time that represented the
biggest fluency of cars and motorcycles was from 2pm-4pm.
Therefore, to have even further accurate and specific data the
number of cars and motorcycles that passed by per minute were
measured in every corner of the case study region during those
hours. Given the information that each car emits 145,9 g/km/min of
CO² gases, a calculation with the emissions per block per street was
generated and a map of the CO² emissions by traffic was created
representing 0.4tons/m²/year of CO².
CO2 EMISSIONS OF DENSITY
The use of energy in buildings is another pollutant source
analyzed in the case study through density. The three neighborhoods
had a population of 145,532 people in 2009 distributed in an area of
2.009,4ha. That gives a total population density of 72 inhabitants/ha.
Saint Gervasi – La Bonanova has an area of 223,50 ha with a
population of 46,829 people, giving a density of 109 inhabitants/ha.
Les Tres Torres occupies 78,80 ha with a population of 15,832 and
density of 201 inhabitants/ha. Saint Gervasi – Galvany occupies
165,9ha with a population of 46,829 people with a density of 282
inhabitants/ha. The area of the case study that contains the 30
blocks is 266,690m². Given that in 1m² of a house 0,014
tons/m²/year of CO² is emitted, a research of the amount of floors of
each building was done. By calculating the total occupational area
and multiplying by the CO² emission coefficient (0,014 tons/m²/year)
a map of the buildings emissions of CO² through density was
developed, representing 12.5 kg/m² O/year of CO².
3
CO2 ABSORPTION BY VEGETATION
In order to compensate the CO² emissions of the case study
region a research on the amount of absorption by vegetation was
made. As a first step a map of the different typologies of vegetation
was created, categorizing it in flowers, short vegetation, tall
vegetation and trees along the streets. Through research, it is given
that a tree absorbs 22,7kg CO² per year and has an average surface
of 19,8m². Therefore, 1m² of vegetation with trees absorbs 1,15kg of
CO2/year, but if the vegetation is short it is considered only 60% of
that value. After all calculations were made, a map of the CO²
absorption by vegetation was generated representing 250gr/m²/year
of CO2.
CONCLUSION
Considering the great amount of parks and trees in the
region, the hypothesis was that the pollution and absorption would
finally balance out. Calculating the potential of each block to absorb
its own CO² emissions produced by traffic and density through
vegetation we were able to find out that the vegetation in the area
doesn’t make up for its pollution at all. More specifically, we
concluded that in order for the vegetation to compensate the traffic
pollution we would need to have 1600 times more the amount of
vegetation existent and to cover the pollution from residences and
commerce it would be necessary to plant 100 times more.
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PROPOSALS