Whether the following Chapter 5, i n which classification reactions, i.e. reactions for identifying certain functional groups, are discussed, is necessary at all needs careful con- sideration. Extensive overlapping and repetition of Chapter 4 are the rule. For instance, the preparation of a 2,4-dinitro- phenylhydrazine solution is described both on p. 118 and on p. 189. A combination of the table on pp. 215 and 216, listing the principal identification reactions, with Chapter 6, which once more lists the principal derivatives, would be adequate. Following an introduction to the qualitative analysis of mixtures of substances, Chapter 8 discusses spectroscopic methods (UV, I R , NMR, and mass spectrometry). In every case a short theoretical introduction is given, the relevant apparatus is sketched in ready-for-use arrangement, and the possible applications of the spectra are discussed with examples. This chapter, which is introduced for the first time in this edition, is a very valuable contribution to the book, which concludes with a number of tables containing the physical characteristics for a large number of compounds. Chromatographic methods are not discussed here but are described in Volume 1 ; however, pages 237 and 238 contain a bibliography of the various chromatographic methods. The volume represents a successful compilation of chemical and physical methods of analysis. It can be recommended without reservation, even if one would like to see a condensation of certain sections and an extension of the spectroscopic me- thods. No organic chemical laboratory should be without it.

[NB 636 IE] H. J. Bestmann

Technique of Inorganic Chemistry. Vol. IV. Edited by H. B. Jonussen and A . Weissberger. Interscience Publishers, a Division of John Wiley and Sons, New York-London- Sydney 1965. 1st Edit., 400 pp., 98 illustrations, 115s.

Five contributions of varying scope, weight, and level go to make up the fourth volume of the series which was started in 1963, and the unfortunate title of which gave rise to serious doubts when the first volume was reviewed[*J.

In view of the scope and quality of discussions of the theory and practise of ioti exchange which have already been publish- ed, the first article headed “Ion Exchange Techniques” (30 pp., with only 16 references, six of which refer to books and reviews) would appear rather superfluous. In contrast, the second contribution “The growth of oxide single crystals from the fluxed melt” (33 pp., 67 references) is a successful comprehensive presentation of the development of a rela- tively new experimental technique which has proved extra- ordinarily useful in special cases. The third article “High- temperature Techniques” (70 pp.. 3 16 references) deserves particular attention as a very welcome review of the newest methods of investigating chemical reactions at high tempera- tures - a field of study which will certainly assume ever increasing interest in the futuxa The fourth article “Magneto- chemistry” (105 pp., 142 references gives a g o d idea of the eminent importance of .magnetic measurements in gaining information about the nature of the bondrng in a given sub- stance, with particular reference to the recent rapid develop- ments in the complex chemistry of transition metals. Only 33 pages are aevoted to the “technique” as such, where- as 66 pages deal with theory and a further six pages are taken up by results of experiments conducted on the lanthan- ides and actinides. Who would consider looking for these 72 pages under the heading given? The same applies to the last article “Techniques of optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism” (108 pp., 448 references) in which only 18 pages are devoted to the methods of measurement, the rest being reserved for general theory, procedures for preparing optically active substances, and results of measurements. The general impression given by this contribution is no less than “very good”. However, for this reason it is to be regretted all the more that such papers are undeservedly camouflaged by the unsuitable title of the

series. A comforting thought is, however, that the excellently presented volume will certainly take its place in all libraries and for this reason its full value will be exploited, even if only indirectly. The reviewer would hesitate to recommend the purchase of such a heterogeneous collection of articles to the individual chemist. Max Schmidt IN B 626 1 El

[*I Cf. Angew. Chern. 76, 799 (1964).

Chemistry and Physics of Carbon, Vol. 1 and 2. Edited by P . L. Walker j r . parcel Dekker, Inc., N e w L o f i 1966. Vol. 1, xv, 382 pp.. numerous figures and tables, S 13.75. Vol. 2, xiv, 384 pp.

Carbon is often described as one of the most long-established, and yet newest materiais to be used in technology. This ob- servation is made in the light of, firstly, the classical use of diamond, activated charcoal and carbon blacks, artificial carbon as refractory material, and artificial graphite as electrode material; secondly, its novel use in nuclear tech- nology and as a rocket material; finally, its use as a rein- forcing agent in future composite materials, with a potential scope that must at present remain a matter for conjecture. As a result of its industrial importance, carbon has during the past 20years again assumed a key position in the chemistry and physics of solids. The number of books written on the subject has not kept pace with this development. Apart from a monograph about reactor graphite and a French collective work on carbon, no modern monographs exist. A book on the physics and chemistry of carbon, therefore, meets an urgent need. The present two initial volumes of a four-volume series are each divided into six chapters written by authors of inter- national standing. Volume 1 contains a chapter by s. Ame- linckx on “Dislocations and stacking faults in graphite”, which, by means of excellent electron micrographs of natural graphite introduces the reader to the results of this technique. In Chapter 2, G . F. Hewitt discusses the “Gaseous mass transport within graphite”. This section, containing exten- sive literature references and a discussion of technical problems, is of technological significance. J . M . Thomas, in Chapter 3 , describes the results, mainly his own, of “Microscopic studies of graphite oxidation’ . Chaoter 4, by S. Ergun and M. Mentser, gives an exhaustive ssuvey of the “Reactions of carbon with carbon dioxide and steam”. “The formation of carbon from gases“’ is discussed, fun- damentally rather than exhaustively, by H. B Palmer and C. F. Cullis in Chapter 5. This section contains a good review of the literature. Chapter 6 consists of a rather specialized treatise on “Oxygen chemisorption effects on graphite ther- moelectric power” by the editor, .P L. Walker, and his co- workers. The second volume continues the series of individual chapters. Chapter 1, by the late G K . Henning, gives an excellent account of “Electron mictoscopy of reactivity changes near lattice defects in graphite”. The subject matter in the chapter is related to that dealt with in Chapters 1 and 3 of Volume 1 In Chapter 2, M. M . Dubinin discusses the problems invelved in the “Pore structure and adsorption properties of active carbons”. Particular reference is made to the author’s own work, and t o Soviet literature i n general. W. N. Reynolds’ chapter on “Radiation damage in graphite” largely follows the recently published monograph by Simmons. This section deals predominantly with the problems of Radiation damage in graphite at medium temperatures (a point of interest to British reactor develop- ment), and to a lesser extent with irradiation at high tem- peratures. A comprehensive bibliography is appended. Chapter 4 by A . C. Zettlemoyer and K . S . Narayan deals with the “Absorption from solution by graphite surfaces”, a nar- row, specialized field. Chapter 5 by C. R . Klein likewise has a specialized character. The author deals with the “Electronic transport in pyrolytic graphite and boron alloys of pyrolytic graphite”, mainly on the basis of his own investigations. Finally, Chapter 6 of Volume 2 contains a description of

1092 Angew. Chem. internat. Edit. / VoI. 6 (1967) No. 12