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Wishing the Benoni Student Movement a successful tournament.

YOUTHSCENES FROM THE CA PE YOUTH CONGRESS (CA YCO) IN A UCURAL CONGRESS

A DED1CA TION,TO SOMEONE YOUNG___

VIBRAN T____

FEARLESS___Djuekter o f the soil.

Your Afrika awaits you like a triumphant bridegroom

Rise up beyond your thorny grave

For amid the carved inscription on the

tombstone

Lies your mended dreams

Arise from your daily drudge

A nd feel the pulse

Beneath the cacophony o f grit aND BLOOD

The cadaverous stench o f your oppression

Harbours the sickly sweet perfume O f your prostituted days.

Walk amidst the throng

And fee! under your-creeping flesh

the stealthy slime of your repulsed hours

Steal away to a culmination o f victorious mementos

Embracing a velvety world

From within the detention o f your ideas

At Central and John Vorster let slip The pendulum motion

O f your savage impulse

Let loose the forbidden stream of your

oppression

Let loose your people.S. Mati — Cosas President.

LETSORGANISE!

YOUTH ON THE MOVEMass such as Fatti* and Monis boycott, Bie 19ft0^ University students have been active in youth organisanoos

school boycott and the Anti-Sak campaign at the turn of the

decade mobl^sed thousands of young people.

As these campaigns ended, organisations on different

fronts chac^elled peoples’ energy into trade unions, civic

organisation, student organisations and women's organisa­

tions.

But not iZ young people could or did become involved

in these ne» structures. Some had been expelled from schools

and universities and could not go back after the boycotts

had ended. Many were unemployed and could not join trade

unions. Instead organisations were set up to cater to their

needs.

Youth organisations have the potential to draw youth away

from becoming involved in criminal activity against their own

communities. Organisers believe youth need to be encouraged

to see their problems as part and parcel of tne problems their community f*™** and to realise these problems can only be

overcome through united action.

Youth organisations in different parts of the country have

arisen through different circumstances and have taken differ­

ent forms.

In the Western Cape, the extensive 1980 school boycotts

mobilised large numbers of young people. Today there is a

youth movement in almost every community in the area. The

newly formed Cape Youth Congress (Cayco) aims to:

Unite youth in the Cape;Respond to the cultural, political and economic demands

and aspirations of all young people;Build good relations between parents and youth;Create a spirit of trust, responsibility amongst its

members;Find ways of linking up with youth with similar aims

to Cayco in other areas.

July this year saw the formation of the Soweto Youth

Congress (Soyco). ^ ^

At the Congress of South African Students (CosaS) annual

congress in May last year, the delegates decided Cosas should

concentrate on organising scholars and separate youth

organisations were needed for young people who are no

longer at school.

The Port Elizabeth Youth Congress (Peyco), formed in

September last year, arose as a result of this decision.

Peyco says anyone who sees him or herself as youth can join.

But young people not involved in Cosas are their target mem­

bership.

The successful Anti-Saic campaign in 1981 mobilised a

large number of young people in 1 .enasia. However, at the

end of the campaign there was no organisation to cater for these young people. This saw the formation of the Lenasia

Youth League (LYL) in July 1982.

In areas wbere there a.e no student organisations or condi

tions in schools make it difficult for organisations to take

place, scholars have chosen to organise with youth. Often,

scholars active in youth organisations also become active in

school structures such as debating societies where they try to

raise other scholars’ awareness.

After the boycott at the University of Durbar. WesniLe in

1981, university students went back to their commcriuss

and became active in setting up youth structures.

University students are often in a position to obtaiz ard

share resources and information with other young peoprt in the community. Working members may have administrate

skills which can be transferred to the rest of the group.

Most young people have no economic responsibility, mere

time and in the case of children with a more materially pnvi- leged background they have a greater access to theory. It

is for these reasons that young people mistakenly believe that

they are the vanguard of the liberation struggle.

Significant is that the most advanced phases have beer the

working class and masses of people more generally who have

revealed their ccntrality of the national liberation movement.

Social forces are not consistently revolutionary but are impel­

led by the actual contradictions in a system to take decisive

political action. For long historical periods masses may lay

dormant but will always take action at decisive moments.

This is why young people think of themselves as the vanguard

of the struggle. Young people who have these advantage in

a sense enjoy a relative autonomy from sodal classes. To

that extent they are immune from some of the stabilising

features of the South African society.For the same reason

they do not carry any historical weight.

In catering for the needs and aspirations of young people^

youth organisations are often forced to raise political issues.

Yet they take care to raise these issues in such a way that

members and potential members are not scared away.

Amongst the activities youth organisations have taken up:

Drama, poetry, music. Many youth groups have or­

ganised variety concerts, talent shows or drama eve­

nings where youth are challenged to develop their abili­

ties. At the same time, they provide entertainment for

members of the community, raise money, gain publicity

for the organisation, and, perhaps, attract more mem­

bers. Often the songs, poetry and plays performed pass

a message to the community.Tuition schemes, organised by youth in all centres, are

an activity that has drawn in new members and provide

a service to the community.

A common activity — and an essential one — is fund

raising.Many youth groups have a sport sub-committee. This

is an important way of attracting new members.

Many youth organisations run seminars or workshops

and produce newsletters where a wide variety of issues are discussed to increase the awareness and under­

standing of their members.

Young people, because they have time, can make a consis­

tent effort, can produce literature, and it is to this extent thay play a crucial role but must not stand in

the place of the working class and masses of people —

without whom change is almost impossible or could only be

reactionary. The youth should act on all fronts. Broad

based activity, linked up to every form of democratic

struggle, should be pursued - then only is victory certain.

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LABOUR RETRENCHMENTSOver the past two years thousands of workers have been retrenched or “ laid-off” . Retrenchment today is still the

order of the day. Being retrenched, workers are faced with an

ever-increarlrg burden; there is no money to pay the ren:,

to buy food or buy clothing. Their young children are forced

to lea»e school and look for work.

For the contract workers this means back to the “ Home­

land", where there are hardly, if any, jobs available. Here

they join the othei thousands of unemployed, waiting for a

chance to be recruited for new employment. In the meantime,

they make use of savings or pensions of aged parents. Other­

wise they are forced to come back to the cities but face the

possibility of landing in jail owing to influx control regula­

tions.

WHEN AND WHY DOES RETRENCHMENT OCCUR?

Retrenchments occur during a period of recession. A

recession normally follows a period of boom. A boom period

is when everything is going well for the bosses and the state.

Both their incomes increase enormously while that of the

the bosses and the state reinvest very little income back into

industry, the majority portion being taken out of industry. A

good example is the increase in gold prices in 1981 when

the bosses invested their profits in buying property and other

companies, while the state spent an enormous amount on

defence rather than promoting agriculture, mining and

commerce.

Over a period of time, the profits of the firms decrease

because people do not have enough money to buy goods pro­

duced by the firms. The state’s revenue also decreases because of the reduced tax it receives from the firms and individuals.

Lower income means lower tax. Thus the economy finally

reaches a period of recession. During this period the bosses

try to maintain the profit rate obtained during the boom

period. They do this by keeping wages at the same levels

by laying off workers, cutting back on production and raising

the prices of goods. Recent increases include the increase

of essential goods like milk and butter. The state on the

other hand increases the GST or reduces its subsidy on

essential commodities like bread. It also shifts its respon­

sibility by spending less on housing and transport and placing

the responsibility on individuals to build their own houses

or pay more for bus and train fares.

HOW RECESSIONS BENEFIT THE “ BOSSES” ?

They use recessions to m ain ta in a small work force but demand an increased production level. Thus, for example, ten

workers may be forced to do the job of 25 workers at the

same pay they (the ten workers) received previously. If any

of the ten workers dare to complain they are threatened with

dismissal. The bosses can do this because they are aware of

fact there are many other workers waiting for a chance to be

employed.The bosses sometimes retrench workers in order to replace

people with machines. The cost of machinery is cheaper and

less burdensome for them unlike workers who are always

striving for a better wage. On the other hand workers are

able to resist the bosses when there is dissatisfaction.

Machines cannot do this.Bosses also use recessions to weaken trade unions, and to

fire workers indiscrimi lately. They get rid of union leaders

and workers whom they regard as “ agitators” . They try to

Jf r I Jdisorganise strong worker organisations. v

The threat of retrenchment is used as a means of cooiraCiaj

and disciplining workers.

WHAT SECTORS AND WHICH SECTIONS OF THE

WORKERS ARE AFFECTED?

Retrenchments occur in all sections of the indunr. It

affects all races — black and white; all industries — ----

motor and textile; and al! categories — skilled, sem-ss-jed and unskilled.

In the motor industry about 2,000 workers lost thr- pbs

late las: year. Most motor compares — Sigma, Fore ^:nt

on to three- to four-day working weeks.

In the mining industry up to 1J,000 workers los: titir jobs, mostly because of the drop in gold prices.

In the textile industry, Veldspun retrenched 600 wcrkers.

WORKERS' RESPONSE TO RETRENCHMENTS

The progressive trade union movement has refused to

accept that nothing can be done about retrenchments.

These trade unions have coped with retrenchment in various ways:

For example when the General Workers’ Union (G V U ) were threatened with retrenchment at Trident Marine Engin­

eering last July, workers with permanent resident right; vol­

unteered to be retrenched in order to safeguard the jobs of

migrant workers who would be forced into unemplcym. ent

and starvation in the Homelands.

The Metal and Allied Workers’ Union (MAWU) nego-iaied

with management the following retrenchment procedure:

— First worker in should be retrenched last

— Workers must be warned about retrenchments three months beforehand

— Retrenched workers must fill the first vacancies

— Workers must receive compensation for retrenchment

Recessions and booms and thus' retrenchments, unemploy­

ment, high profits and low wages are all typical of the

present economic situation. In this system there are the

owners of capital and providers of labour. The bosses crwn

all the factories, mines and farms while most workers do not

own anything. The bosses’ only interest is to make high

profits, while that of the workers is to earn a decent wage. This being so it results in the bosses not having the interest

of workers at heart in that they refuse to pay decent »ages

as this would decrease their profits. The workers are forced

to demand a better wage in order to improve their Eving

conditions. The state on the other hand assists the bosses

in meeting their interest. In this country the state would, for example.not lay down minimum wage levels but would use

its military force to harass workers should they demand

better wages. This conflict of interest between the bosses and

the state on the one hand and the workers on the other hand

results in all the ills of this economic system. Retrenchments

and strikes are clear examples of such ills.

The present economic system has created an oppressed and exploited class. Workers reject this system and demand a just

and democraticsystem — one in which the wealth of the

country will be equally distributed and in which the land

shall be shared amongst all those who work it. However, in

the intermediate, there is need for strong worker unity so that

workers can together overcome the problems they are faced with.

21

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EDUCATION FOR DOMINATION h ' " '

The South .African society is one which is ridden by the evils

of racism, oppression and economic exploitation. To uphold

the present social and political order the state has devised a

number of ways to force us to accept this type of society. They

use direct naked force in the form of the police, army and laws

like pass laws, detentions, etc.

They also use indirect methods to control us. These indirect

methods try to control our ideas. Because they try to control

our ideas they are called the ideological forms of control.

Ideological control is carried out through the newspapers, TV,

radio, religion, etc. The most important form of ideological

control is education.

The ideas that this racist, exploitatative regime pushes

through its agencies try to force people to accept racism and ex­

ploitation. It tries to dominate people — thus education

becomes an agency of domination and not liberation. The task

of students therefore is to expose the education system for what

it is. They must challenge the ideas of racism and exploitation

and prr^rt their alternatives. The Azanian Students’ Organi­

sation (AZASO) and the Congress of South African Students

(COSAS) is presently involved in drawing up an Education

Charter which will outline the kind of education we want.

While striving for changes in the education system we must

remember that no real changes can be made unless there are

fundamental changes in the rest of society. Thus, students must

always ensure that they link the educational struggle with the

overall struggle for liberation.

METHODS OF DOMINATION

The South African society L* Timflar to many Western coun­

tries, e.g., the United States, Britain and West Germany in that

it of two distinct groupings. The vast majority who

are the workers and a small elite who own and control the

mines, factories, etc. In South Africa a large majority of the

workers are black (African, Indian and Coloured) while the

rich elite is mainly white.

Any oppressive system will ensure that the people do not

change, that they passively accept what is given to

them. If people begin demanding change then the authorities

know they will be in serious trouble. One of the ways the

system safeguards itself is by saying that people are poor

because that is nature’s way. In class we often find that the

teacher shouts at us if we give a wrong answer, saying that we

are “dumb”or stupid. We are told that we either inherited this

“ dumbness” or we just did not receive any brains. This is why mostM are “ slow thinkers”. Thus students begin to accept

that there most be something seriously wrong with themselves

without looking for the cause of the problem elsewhere.

This is Fatalism — the philosophical doctrine that all events are predetermined so that man b powerless to alter his

destiny. But it has been proven over and over again that

brighter students usually come from well-to-do families. This they can be provided with the best toys, books, nour­

ishment, etc.

Another feature of our education system which is common

to others is that of regimen taiisatioE — the forcing of cis-r-rie

or order on a grouping in a domineering manner or more

simply the w ay students art required t; folio* e^ery corr.rrir.d

of the teacher no matter how silly it is.

This aspect aims at creating a pas;.*;, obedient wcri. fcrct

who will come to work at a specific time, si t at their mach^es or

desks the whole day, obey the floor mLr.agtr and then lea'e a: a

specific time.Unique to the South African educational system is its rams.

basis that can easily be seen in the very vast differences in the

expenditure for the different race groups in education One

of the most important ways that racism is perpetuated is in the

use of the language. In lower primary courses the author.ties

urge students to “ take pride in his 'he: own language.. . . as

one of his most precious cultural possessions.” This shows thateducation is used as a tool not only to separate different race

groups but also to disunite on the basis of language. It is for

the same reason that separate universities have been created

to serve different language groups, like Fort Hare for Xhosas

and Turfloop for Sotho and Tswana people and WestvQle for

Indians. • • _Another subtle form used to further racism can be seen by the

type of history we study. It is without a shadow of doubt a

glorified history of the white man’s rape, plunder and exploit­

ation of rViic beautiful land. It aim* at proving to us that the

rnming of the white man was an ait of God to civilise the bar­

baric races that ran around in the bushes here. It aims to force

us to accept that the ways of dispossession where our people

lost their precious land,to the murderous colonialists, occurred

because the Africans kept stealing cattle from the whites.

In our study of English we study only the works of Euro­

pean writers. We are never exposed to the works of Afncan

writers — who share our experiences and can reflect them.

This creates an urge amongst students to imitate Western cul­

ture and values thinking that all he or she has ended up with is

inferior.

For such a status quo to be maintained, thus, education plays an important role. It inculcates capitalist values.indi­

vidualism, fatalism, regimentalisro and the suppression of free

and critical thinking. Its contents are aimed at satisfying the

needs of the ruling masters.

Our education system serves the functions of training people

to take up particular jobs, it channels people into jobs on the

basis of their race and their class position and it tries to teach

people to accept a basically unjust society without opposition.

These functions are an important part of the state’s strategy

for controlling working people in this country.

But black people have and continue to reject this inferior

education. The education system received its most funda­

mental challenges ever in June 1976 and 1980. These years brought about a crisis in the education system which involved

more than just protests and boycotts. The crisis refers to the

ability of the education system to perform its functions of

socialisation, regimentalisation, etc. The function of the

education system in South Africa is an impossible one.

AMANULLAH KHAN• AND

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WISH THE B.S.M. ALL THE SUCCESS IN THEIR NOBLE ENDEAVOUR &MAY THEIR IDEALS BE RELISHED & CHERISHED.

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It involve* trying to persuade black people to accept tbeir

inferior position in apartheid society and training them for

inferior positions in the economic life of this country-.

That black people reject such an education goes without

saying and as such the education system always has and always

will be a failure. The rejection of the education systerr. is part

of an ongoing resistance to the system of apartheid as a

whole. It is this political and ideological function of the

eJucation system which dooms it to failure and ensures

that it will be opposed by those who reject aparthod. In

fact resistance to apartheid and resistance to the eduation

system cannot be separated.

Conflict and crisis within the education system ire

inevitable because of the social system which it is serving

is rejected by the majority of its citizens. Political anc ideo­

logical control has become increasingly difficult to ensure,

and the educational system has ceased to facilitate that control.

In;-'.ead, it ha? come to generate so much conflict tr_a: it

undermines the apartheid system instead of entrench-ig it.

•>. ta n te a **■— r

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25

B.S.M.1983 SOCCER FESTIVALTEAM S PARTICIPATING

GROUP A

1. Kimberley Team*

2. D.cks Colts (geluksda!)3. Celtic (Lenasia)

GROUPC

1. Belthome United ( Cape Town)

2. Stoke City (Benoni)

3. Azaadville Unhed

GROUP B

1. Athletico (Lenasia!2. Manchester United (Benoni)

3. Durban Team *

GROUPD

1. Manchester City (Benoni)

2. Bluebells (Lenasia)3. Young Eagles (Pretoria)

+ Tmhh •• rr. to b* confirms)! tt D# connrmto ^

FIXTURES: SATURDAY, 15th OCTOBER, 1983STADIUM TIME SHADY WILLOWS A

Kimberley

Athletico

Azaadville

Eagles

Dicks Colts

Man. Utd.

vs Dicks Colts

vs Man. Utd.

vs Belthome

vs Man. City

vs Celtic

vs Callies

09h00

10h30

12h00

13h30

15h00

16h30

Belthome U

Man. City

Celtic

Callies

Stoke City

Bluebells

vs Stoke City

vs Bluebells

vs Kimberley

vs Athletico

vs Azaadville

vs Eagles

STADIUM

Winners A vs C

Winners B vs D

LOSERS FINAL

Swaraj vs Estcourt Leeds ★

Message

Wnners Final

Presentation

TIME

09h0010h30

12h00

14h00

16h0016K30

SHADY WILLOWS "A & B'

Losers A vs C & B vs D

4- Professional ExhifcAtioo Game

^With ComjiCimznti. from

Kentucky Fried Chicken.

Ncwcpen in Lenasia

1 k&*rMrtgxirm

26

SOCCER FESTIVAL CONSTITUTION

1. AIMSTo foster fair play, mutual co-operation and adhere to

humanitarian principles of sincerity, friendship and co-

fairplay.

To raise funds for the issuing of bursaries to needy

students, other educational, sporting and community sup­

portive purposes.

To promo'.i tie principles of non-racialism in sport.

2. COMMITTEE

Will comprise of all members of the B.S.M.

3. B.S.M. SOCCER FESTIVAL DISCIPLINARY

COMMITTEE

Shall compr.se of Benoni Studea: Movement and Transvaal

Soccer Board officials. The decision of this committee

shall be final. In the event of any other dispute, the decision

of the Benoci Student Movement Executive Committee shall

be final.

4. RULES AND REGULATIONS

0 ) The tournament shall consist of 12 teams. The teams

fha11 be divided into four groups — three teams per group. p arh team shall submit a list of 2 0 registered players, with

cards, affiliated to a unit in their respective divisions.(ii) Any player sent off shal appear before the B.S.M. Soccer Festival Disciplinary Committee. Rulings of the Disciplinary

Committee «ha11 be upheld by the respective S.A.S.F units.

(iii) All dubs shall ensure that their players conform to the

use of the dress of the soccer regulations.

(iv) The duration of all matches shall be thirty minutes

per half with five minutes interval, except for the two

finals which will be played forty minutes per half.

FIRST r o u n d

farh tmm thall play two games in their first round.

There fhaT| be only one winner and one runner-up in each group.The tram with the highest points shall be the winner.

In the event of equal points, then the Goal Average System tfiaTl be applied. In the event of equal points and goal

average, “ the goals for” shall be applied. Where the above

determinants are all equal the Penalty System shall be

applied.

The winners of each group will proceed to the Winners Semi-

Finals. The runners-up of each group will proceed to the

Losers Semi-Finals.

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Setoid Round — Semi-Finals and Finals

Semi-Final matches will be played on a knock-ou: k m .

In the event of a draw, the Penalty System shall be a ^ e d .

in the event of a draw in the finals, there will be extn time

allotted of ten minutes a side and thereafter, the PnalrySystem shall be applied.

(v) Any club arriving late, after ten minutes grace, will fcrfet

their match to the opposition.

The B.S.M. reserves the right to depart from any of >h: isove sub-rules.

5. SUBSTITUTES

Each tram will be allowed to make the following sib-

stitutions — two players and one goalkeeper.

A1J rules shall comply with those of F.I.F. A.

REFEREES AND LINESMEN

The B.S.M. Executive Committee shall appoint referes and

linesmen on merit and impartiality.

7. TROPHIES

The trophies remain the sole property of the B.S.M. axd the

tram* are pledged to return them three months pnx to

the next festival. Clubs winning trophies shall be responsible

for its safekeeping. In the event of damage to or k s of

trophies the clubs shall be held liable.

S. PRIZES

Prizes will be allotted as follows:

WINNERS —R1 000,00 plus Trophy plus 20 medals

WINNERS RUNNERS-UP —

R500 plus Trophy plus 20 medals

LOSERS WINNERo —

R300 plus Trophy

LOSERS RUNNERS-UP —R200 plus Trophy

A CONSOLATION PRIZE of R100 will be allotted it

two tramt that have lost in the Winners Semi-Finals.

The BEST PLAYER of the tournament shall recer*e a Trophy. The BEST GOLAKEEPER of the toumamen: shall

receive o Trophy.

9. GENERALAny other matter or detail of importance not dealt or written in into this Constitution will be decided by the E-5-M.

Executive Committee.

• ■ ■■ --- ----------

B -*♦ v * * . $±--. *. i. mr*- - * •■—J --- !< ■.<?--. ... .♦• **■■.'w atts

c o t lt a J lx ,

M EN 'S, LADIES AND KIDDIES BOUTIQUE

S E E Y O U A T

THE FAMILY STORE

N 36 ORIENTAL PLAZA NORTH MALL

BREE ST. ENTRANCE FORDSBURG

T E L 838-2030/9

To tbe Members Benoni Stndcnt Movement

We have examined the financial statement set out on pages 29 to 31 of the Tournament brochure

In corrjr.zz »ith similar organisations it is not feasible for the Movement to institute controls ov‘r cash colls^ans

pric to H- entry of such collections in the accounting records. Accordingly, we have obtained assurance, from

you* E\e»r_V'e Committee, under whose control such collections were made, as lo the completeness and “"per

record::.* "r- to f.

Subiect tc the matter referred to in the preceding paragraph, the finacia! statements fairly present the firorcia]

positier. o f M o v e m e n t a: 31 July. 19S3 and the results of its operations for the period then ended.

H. RogofT & Co.Chartered Accountants (S.A.)

Johannesburg20 August, 1JS3

BENONI STUDENT MOVEMENT BALANCE SHEET AT 31 JULY 1983

NOTE 1983 1982

ACCUMULATED FUNDS

MISCELLANEOUS FUND

CAPITAL EMPLOYED

(Income Statement)

EMPLOYMENT OF CAPITAL

FIXED ASSET

FUND INVESTMENT BURSARY GRANTS

TROPHIES

CURRENT ASSETS

Cash at bank and on hand

Petty Cash

Money held in trust

Sundry debts outstanding

(2)

(3)

(2)

(4)(5)

(6)

12 308,51

R12 308,51

23 612,71

1000,00R24 612,71

617,66

1000,00

663,54

686,29

1000,00

17 319,00

7 io.<r

2281.20 19 715*36

10027,31 4 897,35

7 702,31

2 325,00

3 843,09

10.51

78.75 965,00

R12 308,51 R24 612,71

29

BENONI STUDENT MOVEMENT INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE PERIOD 1 JULY 1982 TO 31 JULY 1983

NOTE Thirteen months

Jo 31.7.1983

1982

INCOME

NET SURPLUS FOR THE PERIOD

•ACCUMULATED FUNDS — AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD

GRANTS M A M TO THE ACTONVILLE BURSARY FUND

ACCUMULATED FUNDS — AT END OF PERIOD(4)

14 014,80 23 612,71

37 627,51 (25 319,00)

12 308.51

Gate tik.-j. a: iourr.arr.en: 2 269,86 2 177.C*Brochure Irrrme 12 276,20 13 6-2.J.

Income : • r rr. ad'erts 5 555,0C1 4 955,0:Donation from sale of brochures 12 343,80 14 396,8-

if

17 898,80 19 324,8? ILess: C cr cf selling brochures (522,60) (622,00 1

Ccr cf printing brochures (5 100,00) (5 030,00 i

Teams inccc'J>e scheme 183,47 _Donations by participating teams 2 400,00 1 2 0 0 ,0 0 ]Sundry delations for prize money — 400,00 J

2 400,00 1 600,00 JLess: Prize money awarded to winning teams (2 216,53) (1 600,00)!

Raffle incorre 1 578,25 2 814,00Sale of raffie tickets 1 585,25 3 070.00Donation received to cover raffle tickets 800,00 400,00

2 385,25 3 470,00Less: Cost of panting raffle tickets (130,00) (100,00)

Microwave oven awarded to winner (677,00) (556,00)Sundry Dona^ons — Cash 2 164,04 1660,00Interest received 401,47 545,70Recoveries oc previous year’s raffle 52,00

18 873,29 20 921,59

EXPENDITURE „ 4 858,49 3 917,59Advertising costs of tournament 155,32 634,14Accommodation costs for Cape Town teams _ 112,75A.G.M. cosa 280,88 —

Bank charges 109,34 119,66Cost i.r.o. conference attended by members 342,29 250,00Depreciatioc of typewriter 68,63Donations granted 430,00 400,00Drum majorrr.es and brigade parade costs 100,00 308,00Food and lunches for participating teams 616,27 223,00Legal expenses 100,00 75,00Levy on gate makings 328,55 317,70Medals awarded 330,00 __Printing, postage and stationery 710,98 1071,27Referees fees — tournament 300,00 225,00Special donation - video machine to William Hills High School 898,88Sundry expenses 97,35 181,07

17 004,00 25 608,71

42 612,71

(19000,00) R23 612.71

BENONI STUDENT MOVEMENT STATEMENT OF SOURCE AND APPLICATION OF FUNDS FOR THF. PERIOD ENDED 31 JULY 1943

SOURCE OF FUNDS 1983

Net surplus for the year

Add depreciationU rr.e off of trophy awarded to bes: player of last year «t.53

APPLIC ATION OF FUNDS

Increase ir. working capita!Grant tr Artonvilie Bursary Fund

Repayment of Fund

ANAL\ SIS OF CHANGES IN N* ORK1NG CAPITAL ITEMS

INCREASES (DECREASES)

Case

R14 12- .96

5 129.968 C»v.001OK.00

R14 96

3 855.22

Sundrv Debts outstanding 1Peny CashMoaev held in trust > -* -1

R5 129.5*

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENT AT 31 JULY, 1983

1. CONSTITUTIONThe movement is operating as a non-profitable organisation and as such no part of its income and assets sha l be

transferred to members directly or indirectly. All reserves of this movement could therefore only be utilised for the

purposes of granting bursaries to needy students and engaging in cultural as well as social activities.

2. SPECIAL FUND

The Special Fund of R1 000,00 received from an anonymous donor was repaid during the current financial year. The

investment now belongs to the Movement. The amount is invested in a 12 o fixed deposit with the United Building

Society.

3. FIXED ASSET

The only Fixed Asset that the Movement possesses is a typewriter. Depreciation is provided for at lO'To p.a. on a

straight line basis.

Typewriter

At costAccumulated depreciation

4. BURSARY GRANTS TO ACTONVILLE BURSARY FUND

The Acton'11 le Bursary Fund was incorporated during 1982 and it had been decid

Actonville Bursary Fund that a close relationship be maintained between the two bodies.

The Executive Committee has ceded all 1982 Bursary Grants, to the amount R1

grants during the current year amounted to R8 000,00.

5. TROPHIES

New Winners Trophy — at cost

Winners trophy — at valuation W'inners Runners-Up — at valuation

Winners of Losers Section — at valuation

Losers Runners-Up —at valuation

Best Player of the Tournament trophy

6 . CASH AT BANK AND ON HAND

Barclays National Bank Ltd

Current Account Special Savings Deposit Account

On hand

1983 1982

686,29 686,29(68,63) —

617,66

*een the Movement ar.i the

00 to the Fund. Additional

1983 1982

163,54 163,54

200,00 200 ,00100,00 100,00100,00 100,00100,00 100,00

—1 46,53

663,54 710.07

699,11 2 601,89

447,20 1 241,20

556.00

7 702,31 3 843.0931

SCHEDULE OF BURSARIES IN THE BOOKS OF ACTONVILLE BURSARY FUND

AT 31 JULY 19*3

NAME UNIVERSITY ATTENDED COURSE YEAR OF STUDY AMOUNT

197*

1. Victaru Mathopa Fort Hare Library Science Final 80,00

Merrls Labakeng Fori Hare B.Admin. First 450,003. Suzar. Mikade Turfloop B.A. (Social Work)Second 2 00 ,004. 1 V . C i'd ine Turfloop B.A. (Socia.1 Work)Second 2 0 0 ,005. Prakiiz Diar Wits B.Proc. Final 80,006 . SiarJf> Moloko Fon Hare B.Sc. First 42?,00/ . Harisr. \ aijee Westville B.A. First 200 ,008 . A. B. E-ahi Wits B.A. First 2 0 0 ,009. S E ' Wits B.A. First 200 ,0010 . Glenrose Chai Unisa B.A. First 50,0011. Haro r ' Mohammed Unisa B.A. Second 100,0012. Catherine Motsweni Fon Hare B.A. First 200 ,0013. Chanriine Putini Fort Hare B.A. First 80,00

14.1980Yunus Karolia Wits B.Com (gen) Third 350,00

15. M. C. Trekiso Turfloop B.A.(Soda! Work) Third .250,0016. Makama Nkareng Zululand B.Sc. Third 100,0017. Suzar Makade Turfloop B.A.(SocialWork) Third 2 00 ,0018. Mercia Lebakeng Fort Hare B. Admin. First 2 00 ,0019. Thorns M. Johannes Fort Hare B.Admin. First 2 00 ,002 0 . Ramais-i; Wilson Fon Hare B.Sc. Third 2 0 0 ,002 1 . Srarile;. Moloko Fon Hare B.Sc. Second 400,00

2 2 . Packer-.e Pllay Westville B.Com Second 2 00 ,0023. Lawrence Mbambo Zululand B.A. -First 200 ,0024. T. E. Makgalemale Fon Hare B.Sc. First 2 0 0 ,0025. M. Motabane Turfloop B.A. First 2 00 ,0026. A. B. Eliahi Wits B.A. Second 2 00 ,0027. Reginald Putini Fort Hare B.Admin. First 120,0028. R. Hlarshwayo Zululand B.A. First

29.1981Lawrence Mbambo Zululand BA . Second 500,00

30. Mohamed Valley Westville B.Sc. Final 350,00

31. B. B. Makabane Turfloop B.A. Third 400,00

32. N. L. Remember Tvl Teachers College First First 78,00

33. M. M. Malapane Unisa B.Com. First 250.00

300.0034. Suraiya Sheikh Essop Westville B.A. First

35. Susan Makade Turfloop U.E.D. Fourth 250,00

36. M. T. T&age Turfloop B.Paed. Second 300,00

37. Harooc Mohammed Wits H.Dip.Ed. First 250,00

38. D. M. Magagula Fort Hare B.A. Second 300,00

39. M. T. Mosegami Zululand B.Paed. Third 300,00

40. M. S. Scgakodi Turfloop B.A. Third 300,00

41. Thembi Zwane Zululand B.Com. Third 100,0042. Themba Norman Zwane Zululand B.Com. Third 2 00 ,0043. T. B. Mabogoane Turfloop B.Sc. First 100,0044. Desmond Tso-Tetsi Fort Hare B.Sc. First 300,00

45. D. Murngan Westville B.A. Second 300,00

46. Nomoc D. E. Ngubo Wits L.L.B. Fourth 200 ,00

47.1982Colin A. August Wits B.A. Law First 300,00

48. UnniBa Boo la Wits B.A. Third 206,00

49. Siphiws A. Buthelezi Fort Hart B.Juris. Second 250,00

50. Michaei Coetzee Western Cape B.Sc. Third 350,00

51. Thabitha Digashu Turfloop B.A. Second 300,00

52. Zelda Holtzman Western Cape B A . Second 350,00

53. Mokope A. Kotalo Turfloop L.L.B. Fourth 350,00

NAME u n iv e r s it y a t t e n d e d c o u r s e y e a r o f s t u d y

34. Darnd Mating*55. Goodwill T. MaphaDe

56. Lawrence Mbambo

57. Le=3c Y. Meyer58. Hassen Mohammed

59 . y -am M. Mohoto

60. EU-'-scng Mokbame61. M :is e e n W . Moosa62. M 7 . Mosegomi

63. Sa~sb Roopa

64. M S. Segakodi65. Marcus S. Toerien

6 6 . Dssmond Tso-Tetsi

67. Yaiva Valodia

1*S?68. F clsx Moloko69. Zvelakhe Phukwane

70. Umrsh Laloo71. Mahammed Motala

72. Sa-isb Roopa

73. Peer Moloko

74. Arnold Kotelo75. Q ristian Pule

76. Aairey Brown

77. B iiia Omar78. ScrayaEssop79. Mariam Mohoto

80. Alfred Masinga81. Thomas Francis

82. Rnbin William Hare

83. Kenneth Setseng

84. RsazEssop

85. DanaMunigan

86 . Maya Natho87. Samuel Moshoesboe

88 . Christopher Khaye89. Martin Mochatsi

Fort Hare

UNISA

Zululand

Western Cape

Westville

Fort Hare

Turfloop

WitsZululand

UNISA

Turfloop

WitsFort Hare

Westville

Turfloop Zululand

Westville

UNISA

UNISA

Turfloop Turfloop

Medunsa

Rhodes

Wits Westville

Fort Hare Fort Hare

UNISA Western Cape

Wits

Wits Westville

Wits Zululand

Zululand

Turfloop

B.Sc. Second

B-A. Second

B.A. Third

B.A. Second

B.Sc. Third

B.A. First

B.A. Third

B.A. First

B.Paed. Final

L.L.B. Fourth

U.E.D. Fourth

B.Proc. First

B.Sc. Second

B.Sc. First

B.A. First

B.A. First

B.Sc. Third

L.L.B. Second

L.L.B. Second

B.A. Second

L.L.B. . Second

Occ. Therapy Fourth

B.Juris. First

B.A. First

B.A. Second

B.A. Second

B.A. Second

B.A.

B.Com. Second

B.Sc. Second

B.Proc. Second

B.A. Third

B A . First

B.A. First

B.Paed. First

Second

TOTAL BURSARY GRANTS OUTSTANDING AS AT 31 JULY, 19S3

AMOUNT

350.00

200.00 300.00

350.00300.00

350.00

250.X300.00

600,0C

350.00350.00

350.00

350.00 ^50.0C

250.00

250.00

350.00

325.00

350.00

350.00 •

350.00

350.00

350.00350.00300.00

350.00

350.00150.00350.00

400.00

250.00

250.00350.00

300.00

300.00

300.00

R24 244.M

T RUSTEES’ M ESSA G EThe B.S-W. was initiated seven years ago in the wake oi

the 1976 Soweto 'uprising. Initially the movement's sole purpose w as to raise funds in order to assist students

financially by granting bursaries. To date 89 have benefittedfinancially cry granung ---- - ■from the dedication of these young people.

The B.S.M has, however, realised that granting bursanes

does not even begin to scratch the surface in attempting to the inequalities of our society. This is why the

m ovem en t has identified itself w ith the broad struggle

for democracy.

These young people have noble ideals and a deep sense of co m m itm en t. Their efforts therefore require our total

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Namibia — a n i l area north-west of South Africa, dry and barren, with a population less than that of Johannesburg.Why does this obscure piece of land cause such controversy? Why is it the focus of heated debate in the powerful corridors of the Uni:ed Nations? In an attempt to answer these ques­tions, we mus: look briefly at the history of Namibia.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

1884 — Germany colonised Namibia.1914 — So-tb-West Africa conquered by South African troops — since then it has been administered by South Africa (as a mandatory territory) under the League of Nations.After World War II, South Africa attempted to incorporate S.W.A. as a fifth province and gave its white population the

vote.1966 — South Africa’s mandate power over S.W.A. was ter­minated. S .W A was renamed Namibia by the United

Nations.1971 — International Court of Justice declared South

Africa’s control of the territory illegal.1974 — South African defence Force engaged in military

operations against SWAPO.U.N. recognised SWAPO as the sole authentic representative

of the Namibian people.1978 — Security Council of the U.N. threatened to call on all U.N. members to cease diplomatic and trade relations with South Africa. South Africa refused to comply with the United

Nations.South African government creates its own party — a white- led alliance of parties including eleven main ethnic groups

called TumhaQe Alliance.1978 — South Africa bolds its own elections in S.W.A.

SWAPO boycotts elections.This creates a deadlock for South Africa and the U.N.

alliance.Recently, Sooth Africa took direct rule of Namibia.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE STRUGGLE

Immediately after the war, the United Nations imple­mented a scheae whereby all territories held as mandates (e.g. S.W.A) had to be placed under the trusteeship (a scheme that was to work towards the development of self- government). Conditions in South Africa had reached a boom which implied that more money was available to invest Namibia. In 1948, the new government rejected this trustee­ship scheme and instead continued to administer Namibia

through the mandate system. -

The migrant labour system" was more effectively and ruthlessly controlled. Strikes and Trade Unions during this period were forcibly repressed. During 1958—1965 there was

' a considerable rise in the gross profit which was the result of new labour and production methods. U.S. and British involvement in the mines began. Markets in Europe were found for the commodities produced. The fishing industry by the 1960’s accounted for almost a quarter of its exports (cont­rolled by South Africa). Namibia became dependent on these markets and also on a migrant work force who in turn were dependent on industry since they had to supplement their finances in the rural areas where conditions deteriorated daily

(e.g. drought).

In the second year of a severe drought (1959) the contract workers formed the first mass organisation called Ovambo- land Peoples Organisation (O.P.O.). They attacked the con­

tract labour system which is the nerve centre of econornic

development. Support for the O.P.O. was tremendous a r i it later became known as South-West Africa Peoples Organ­

isation (SWAPO). SWAPO is dedicated to bring an eno to

colonialism. By concentrating on the labour system, SWAPO became rooted amongst contract workers. This posed a thtat

to the state and it sought to divide workers on tribal Lr.es (Ovambo, Herero, etc.), and to create conflict amongst thes:.

Thus, by the end of the 1960’s, the state’s response was to make Namibia more and more dependent on foreign mar­

kets and attempted to create crevices within SWAPO.

THE PRESENT STRUGGLE

1971 — The World Court declared South Africa’s “contin­ued presence” in Namibia “ illegal” . A few months later, contract workers struck a powerful blow against the state in rejecting the contract labour system by refusing to work. The South African state reacted swiftly by sending all strikers to the reserves and employing a new labour force from South Africa. They also increasingly made use of an extended military force to suppress the people’s resistance. South Africa’s attempt to make Namibia part of South Africa lay in ruins. The division of the ethnic groups had failed and SWAPO became the alliance of the oppressed people.

Although South Africa declared itself in favour of self- government, it now attempted to create a privileged class within the oppressed masses. Namibia had reached a new era in its struggle. SWAPO was involved in a struggle not only against the white regime but also against oppressors of the same colour. South Africa’s new strategy and reform resulted in the Tumhalle Conference in 1975. Representatives of the Ban tus tans (reserves) and the white legislative assembly were invited. The South African government claimed that all ethnic groups were represented “and must therefore be seen as representing the taajority of S.W.A.” . SWAPO boycotted this conference since it was an alliance between the South African regime and its created class of privileged blacks. In fact, SWAPO declared that “reconstruction in a free, demo­

cratic and united Namibia will have, as its motive force, the establishment of a classless society**.

The five Western members of the United Nations realises that SWAPO has majority support and therefore cannot be ignored. Thus, they decided that independence had to be negotiated on terms agreed upon by SWAPO. South Africa had been forced to make concessions which only resulted in a restructuring of influx control and the repeal of the Immor­ality Act. But, none of these modifications present any effec­tive change. In the meantime, the “Tumhalle Alliance” became known as the “Democratic Tumhalle Alliance” .

Although South Africa constantly declared its partial accep tance of the U.N. resolution on-Namibia, it continued to penetrate the rural areas and repressed large masses of the oppressed. On May 4, 1978, its troops powered across the

Namibia/Angola border and brutally massacred Namibian refugees in Kasinga. Many of those killed were women, children and old men. This is just one of Xhe many massa­cres implemented by the South African forces.

H nsne SWAPO’i w6rld-wide lupport increased consis­

tently South Africa still grapples with new ideas in ,1 m -—fMy itt policies. SWAPO'i support amongst the

m ^es t a c t ic a l stand and its military strength "»■ «*unstintk just like many other mass organisations figh g

gainst the evils of colonialism.

The Benoni Student Movement jo ia ta calling for the immediate, uncorxh t x ^ w iihdr^*rf

South African colonial forces from of independence to the Namibian people. To ^ people we say, your struggle is our struggle, your

our victory. Freedom is certain.

Hu

{A

• i

A c***, take over would unsettle foreign investors, open up a host,It * L , n T n e ° R '°e r and strengthen the populist base o j the extreme n ght«^ , ^ ^ o / f / « e / » r o s p ^ f s flp p . a/ / o S o Uf A 4 / W r . s r o ^ ^ . « > S . - l D r «

activity continues

Collection Number: AK2117 DELMAS TREASON TRIAL 1985 - 1989 PUBLISHER: Publisher:-Historical Papers, University of the Witwatersrand Location:-Johannesburg ©2012

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