Body Image and Disordered Eating American teens in crisis.
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Transcript of Body Image and Disordered Eating American teens in crisis.
Body Image andBody Image and Disordered Eating Disordered Eating
American teens in crisisAmerican teens in crisis
The Need for Addressing The Need for Addressing Body Image and Body Image and Disordered EatingDisordered Eating
60% of average weight girls and 18% of 60% of average weight girls and 18% of underweight girls are trying to lose weightunderweight girls are trying to lose weight
Adolescent girls are avoiding calcium rich Adolescent girls are avoiding calcium rich foods because they view them as fatteningfoods because they view them as fattening
One in four London girls were found to be One in four London girls were found to be damaging their IQ’s by dietingdamaging their IQ’s by dieting
Weight reduction efforts by teenaged girls Weight reduction efforts by teenaged girls results more often in weight gainresults more often in weight gain
Eating disorders are on the rise and are Eating disorders are on the rise and are turning up in younger girls turning up in younger girls
The School EnvironmentThe School Environment
How can school policies and practices support How can school policies and practices support positive self-esteem, body image and healthy positive self-esteem, body image and healthy eating habits?eating habits?
Zero tolerance for discrimination/harassmentZero tolerance for discrimination/harassment Educational opportunities for staffEducational opportunities for staff Ongoing support groupOngoing support group Parent educationParent education Healthy school meals programsHealthy school meals programs Adequate time for eatingAdequate time for eating Nutrition education in the curriculumNutrition education in the curriculum
Body Image and Disordered Body Image and Disordered EatingEating
Topics to be covered:Topics to be covered: The Media, Body Image and Eating Disorders Tips for Becoming a Critical View of the Media The Perfect Body Myth: A Look at Teen Body
Size Some Basic Facts About Eating Disorders How to Help a Friend: Information for Teachers regarding Eating
Disorders
Current Problems with the Current Problems with the MediaMedia
Media images Media images define beautydefine beauty
Currently…media Currently…media messages scream messages scream “Thin is In!”“Thin is In!”
Value placed on Value placed on body size body size ($$$= thin)($$$= thin)
Teen’s Exposure to the Teen’s Exposure to the MediaMedia
Adolescent girls get most of their health info from main stream media
60% of Caucasian girls report reading at least one fashion magazine regularly
Women’s magazines have 10.5 times more advertisements and articles promoting weight loss than men’s magazines
The average teen watches 3-4 hours of TV per day
TV commercials – 1 out of 3.8 sent some sort of attractiveness message
Become a Critical ViewerBecome a Critical Viewer
Teens do not Teens do not need to passively need to passively receive these receive these negative negative messages - they messages - they can take action!can take action!
When viewing messages, When viewing messages, keep in mind...keep in mind...
Media messages are constructions, not Media messages are constructions, not reflections of realityreflections of reality
Message has been carefully crafted with Message has been carefully crafted with an intent…what is this intent?an intent…what is this intent?
Ads are created to buy or support a Ads are created to buy or support a product or serviceproduct or service
Viewer chooses how they receive Viewer chooses how they receive messagemessage
Action Steps to TakeAction Steps to Take
Talk back to your TVTalk back to your TV Send positive communication to inspiring Send positive communication to inspiring
messagesmessages Send negative communication to offensive Send negative communication to offensive
messagesmessages Tear out magazine pages - enjoy your edited Tear out magazine pages - enjoy your edited
magazine!magazine! Talk with friends and familyTalk with friends and family Boycott products from companies sending Boycott products from companies sending
negative messagesnegative messages
The Perfect Body Myth:The Perfect Body Myth:A Look at Teen BodiesA Look at Teen Bodies
Significant change takes place in Significant change takes place in preteen and teen yearspreteen and teen years
Knowing what to expect may Knowing what to expect may lessen some fearslessen some fears
Help kids accept wider definition of Help kids accept wider definition of beautybeauty
Growth During Growth During AdolescenceAdolescence
Most rapid growth Most rapid growth period other than period other than infancyinfancy
Between ages 12 -18Between ages 12 -18• 15-20% of adult 15-20% of adult
heightheight• 50 -80% of adult 50 -80% of adult
weightweight• 45% of skeletal mass45% of skeletal mass
Fat Accumulation During Fat Accumulation During PubertyPuberty
Fat deposition occurs Fat deposition occurs between ages 9-12 between ages 9-12
Body is getting ready Body is getting ready for explosive growthfor explosive growth
Fat/growth is met Fat/growth is met with fear and anxietywith fear and anxiety
This stored fat This stored fat usually disappears usually disappears by late teensby late teens
Healthy Eating & Active Healthy Eating & Active LifestyleLifestyle
The winning combination!The winning combination!
Teen growth spurt is an “opportunity of a Teen growth spurt is an “opportunity of a lifetime”lifetime”
Adopt healthy behaviors that will last a lifetimeAdopt healthy behaviors that will last a lifetime
Healthy food choices and daily exercise Healthy food choices and daily exercise
Some Basic Facts About Some Basic Facts About Eating DisordersEating Disorders
Signs and SymptomsSigns and SymptomsSuspected CausesSuspected CausesRecommendations for helping Recommendations for helping someonesomeone
General Definition of General Definition of Eating DisorderEating Disorder
Anorexia, Bulimia and Binge Eating DisorderAnorexia, Bulimia and Binge Eating Disorder
Extreme emotions, attitudes and behaviors Extreme emotions, attitudes and behaviors regarding weight and food issuesregarding weight and food issues
Serious emotional and physical problemsSerious emotional and physical problems
Can be life-threateningCan be life-threatening
Anorexia NervosaAnorexia Nervosa
Characterized by self-starvation & Characterized by self-starvation & excessive weight lossexcessive weight loss
Symptoms:Symptoms:• Refusal to maintain body weight above Refusal to maintain body weight above
minimal normal valueminimal normal value• Intense fear of weight gainIntense fear of weight gain• AmenorrheaAmenorrhea• Extreme concern with body weight/shapeExtreme concern with body weight/shape
Bulimia NervosaBulimia Nervosa
Characterized by secretive cycle of binge Characterized by secretive cycle of binge eating followed by purgingeating followed by purging
SymptomsSymptoms• Repeated episodes of bingeing and purgingRepeated episodes of bingeing and purging• Feeling out of control during binge eatingFeeling out of control during binge eating• Frequent dietingFrequent dieting• Extreme concern with body weight and shapeExtreme concern with body weight and shape
Binge Eating DisorderBinge Eating Disorder
Compulsive overeatingCompulsive overeating No purging, but sporadic fasts or No purging, but sporadic fasts or
repetitive dietsrepetitive diets Feelings of shame or self-hatred after Feelings of shame or self-hatred after
bingebinge Associated with anxiety, depression, Associated with anxiety, depression,
lonelinessloneliness Body weight variesBody weight varies
Suspected Causes of Suspected Causes of Eating DisordersEating Disorders
Complex, multi-factorialComplex, multi-factorial• BehavioralBehavioral• EmotionalEmotional• PsychologicalPsychological• InterpersonalInterpersonal• SocialSocial
Psychological FactorsPsychological Factors
Low self-esteemLow self-esteem Feelings of Feelings of
inadequacyinadequacy Feelings of lack of Feelings of lack of
controlcontrol Depression, Depression,
anxiety, anger, anxiety, anger, lonelinessloneliness
Interpersonal FactorsInterpersonal Factors
Troubled family and personal relationshipsTroubled family and personal relationships
Difficulty expressing emotions and feelingDifficulty expressing emotions and feeling
History of being teased or ridiculed based History of being teased or ridiculed based on size or weighton size or weight
History of physical or sexual abuseHistory of physical or sexual abuse
Social FactorsSocial Factors
Cultural pressures that glorify thinnessCultural pressures that glorify thinness
Narrow definitions of beautyNarrow definitions of beauty
Cultural norms that value people based Cultural norms that value people based on physical appearanceon physical appearance
Eating Disorders Eating Disorders Information for TeachersInformation for Teachers
Information here adapted Information here adapted from BodyWise resource for from BodyWise resource for
classroom teachersclassroom teachers
Why Should Teachers Be Why Should Teachers Be Concerned?Concerned?
Disordered eating Disordered eating affects learning affects learning outcomesoutcomes
Younger children are Younger children are developing eating developing eating disordersdisorders
All ethnic and All ethnic and cultural groups are cultural groups are vulnerablevulnerable
Become Familiar With Signs Become Familiar With Signs and Symptoms of Eating and Symptoms of Eating DisordersDisorders
PhysicalPhysical
BehavioralBehavioral
EmotionalEmotional
Physical Signs and Physical Signs and SymptomsSymptoms
Weight loss or Weight loss or fluctuationfluctuation
Abdominal painAbdominal pain Feeling full or Feeling full or
“bloated”“bloated” Feeling faint or coldFeeling faint or cold Dry hair/skinDry hair/skin Lanugo hairLanugo hair
Behavioral Signs and Behavioral Signs and SymptomsSymptoms
Dieting or chaotic food intakeDieting or chaotic food intake
Pretending to eat, throwing away foodPretending to eat, throwing away food
Excessive exercisingExcessive exercising
Preoccupation with foodPreoccupation with food
Frequent trips to bathroomFrequent trips to bathroom
Emotional Signs and Emotional Signs and SymptomsSymptoms
Dissatisfaction Dissatisfaction with appearancewith appearance
Sadness, feelings Sadness, feelings of worthlessnessof worthlessness
Perfectionist Perfectionist attitudeattitude
Teachers as Role ModelsTeachers as Role Models
Ask:Ask: Do I promote fear of fat by my words/actions?Do I promote fear of fat by my words/actions? Am I dissatisfied with my body size/shape?Am I dissatisfied with my body size/shape? Am I always dieting?Am I always dieting? Do I make comments about size/shape?Do I make comments about size/shape? Do I have prejudices against overweight Do I have prejudices against overweight
children or adults?children or adults?
Address Healthy Eating Address Healthy Eating from Many Avenues:from Many Avenues:
HealthHealth ScienceScience Social StudiesSocial Studies Media LiteracyMedia Literacy Body Awareness (sex ed)Body Awareness (sex ed)
Promote a Safe School Promote a Safe School EnvironmentEnvironment
Zero Tolerance for:Zero Tolerance for: Size and sexual Size and sexual
discriminationdiscrimination HarassmentHarassment TeasingTeasing Name CallingName Calling
Take Action When Take Action When Concerned About a Concerned About a StudentStudent
Goal: Communicate to student that Goal: Communicate to student that you care and refer him/her to a you care and refer him/her to a health care provider trained in health care provider trained in eating disorderseating disorders
BodyWise Resource: BodyWise Resource:
How to Help a StudentHow to Help a Student
Assist Students in Assist Students in “How to Help a Friend”“How to Help a Friend”
EDAP resources EDAP resources are terrificare terrific
Taking action is Taking action is encouragedencouraged
Module 4: Body Image Module 4: Body Image and Disordered Eatingand Disordered Eating
Information and activities primarily Information and activities primarily focused on prevention efforts helping to focused on prevention efforts helping to
combat negative body image and combat negative body image and disordered eatingdisordered eating
What’s the Truth?What’s the Truth?
T/F QuizT/F Quiz Begins module Begins module
with active with active student inquirystudent inquiry
Address Address misconceptions misconceptions from the startfrom the start
Background Information Background Information SheetsSheets
The Media, Body Image and Eating Disorders (EDAP)
Tips for Becoming a Critical Viewer of the Media (EDAP)
The Perfect Body Myth: A Look at Teen Body Size
Some Basic Facts About Eating Disorders (EDAP) How to Help a Friend (EDAP) Say No to Dieting (from Mirror/Mirror, Beef
Council)
Activity 1: Truth in Activity 1: Truth in AdvertisingAdvertising
Students critique Students critique messages in messages in popular teen popular teen magazinesmagazines
Redesign an ad to Redesign an ad to reflect more reflect more healthful messagehealthful message
Activity 2: Self-Esteem Beyond Activity 2: Self-Esteem Beyond LooksLooks
Students learn about natural body Students learn about natural body changes that take place in teen yearschanges that take place in teen years
Activity focuses on identifying Activity focuses on identifying admirable yet non-physical admirable yet non-physical characteristics in others and selfcharacteristics in others and self
Activity 3: Say No! to Activity 3: Say No! to DietingDieting
Students learn Students learn about various about various eating disorderseating disorders
Plan out Plan out campaign to send campaign to send message via message via various media, various media, “Say No! to “Say No! to Dieting” Dieting” (adapted from (adapted from Mirror/Mirror resource)Mirror/Mirror resource)
The Virtual ConnectionThe Virtual Connection
Online resources on body image and Online resources on body image and eating disorderseating disorders::
EDAPEDAPNational ED Information Center (Canada)National ED Information Center (Canada)
BodyWiseBodyWise Something FishySomething Fishy
Eating Disorders Eating Disorders Awareness and Awareness and Prevention, Inc. (EDAP)Prevention, Inc. (EDAP)
National Eating Disorders National Eating Disorders Information CenterInformation Center
BodyWiseBodyWise
Something FishySomething Fishy