BNF 101-01

Basic Course - Introduction to health and nutrition

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Learning outcomesLearning objectives

• What is Health

• Defining Nutrition and Diet

• Evolution of Nutrition Science and Optimal Nutrition

• Malnutrition and ways to tackle the same

• What is dietetics and its career scope

Enable the students to:

• Define the fundamental concepts in health & nutrition

• Understand the evolution of nutrition science

• Recognize the scope and limitations of nutrition and dietetics

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Practical Importance of Today’s Learnings

• To understand the concept of health and contributors to good health.

• To understand the term - malnutrition

• To learn about scope of a dietician or a nutritionist.

• To understand the need of good professionals in this field.

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What is Health

The World Health Organization (WHO) describes health as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”

If a person is disease-free or in a good physical state but dealing with mood disorders or undergoing any physical, emotional, or psychological strain then that person is not considered a healthy person.

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Evolution

Evolution changed everything.• Technological advances• Less amount of physical labor• Availability of food

The modern man is smart, technologically adept, and knows much more than his forefathers, but is sadly confined to a screen. Health is compromised as a result of leading a stagnant lifestyle where one eats a lot and sits a lot more.

Evolutionary adaptations happen after thousands of years, but these technological advances came after the mid 1900s, so we didn’t get too much time to adapt.

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Components of Health

Physical HealthMental Health Social Health

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Indicators of Good Health

• Emotional stability – Psychological aspect

• Clear skin and bright eyes

• Strong bones, hairs, and nails

• Fresh breath

• Body maintaining homeostasis

• Mindfulness

• Wounds healing – Immune function

• Strong Joints and Muscles

• Healthy digestion

• Optimal blood pressure

What role does Nutrition plays?

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What is Nutrition?

Nutrition is a science that interprets the nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of a person.

“Nutrients are small chemical components of food that are needed by the body in adequate amounts to grow, reproduce and lead a normal healthy life.”

Nutrition Science hasn’t been the same since the beginning …..

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Vitamin Discovery

1. Fat vs Sugar

2. Identifying Protein Gaps

Dieting and supplementation for

Chronic Diseases

1. Goal Diet Patterns

2. Large Scientific Studies (RCT,

Cohort)

3. Evidence Debates

Evolution of Nutrition Science

Ref: History of modern nutrition science—implications for current research, dietary guidelines, and food policy.

Year 1910-1950 Year 1950-1970 Year 1970-1990 Year 1990 to Current day

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Types of Nutrition

• Good nutrition: Is the state in which a person gets all the nutrients in the correct amount.

• Malnutrition: Malnutrition means an undesirable quantity and kind of nutrition.

• A malnourished person is physically, mentally, socially, and emotionally sick is of two types:

i. Undernutrition - Undernutrition is a deficiency of one or more nutrients.

ii. Overnutrition - Overnutrition is an excess of one or more nutrients.

Under Nutrition

• Poverty• Inequality of income• Other socio-economic

factor• Limited Control

Micro Nutrient Deficiency

• Sedentary Lifestyle• Bad Eating Habits• Highly Controllable with

Structured Dietary intervention

Obesity

• Sedentary Lifestyle• Bad Eating Habits• Highly Controllable with

Structured Dietary intervention

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Optimal Nutrition

Optimal Nutrition is to consume right amount of quantities of Macronutrients (protein, fats and carbohydrates), Micronutrients ( Vitamins and Minerals), and Inorganic Nutrients (Water and Oxygen)in order to maintain and sustain the desired level of performance, activity and quality of life.

What is best practice for an healthy individual…..

Deficient Sub - Optimal Optimal - RDA Special Applications

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Types of Nutrition & Balanced Diet/Meal

Each Meal should consist of :-• One serving of Protein• One serving of Fats• One serving of Carbohydrates • Sufficient Quantity of Fruits and Vegetables

Generally, The requirement of Fats are easier to fulfill because of its lower minimum RDA requirement which is easily met by cooking oil. However, Fat is also an essential component of balanced diet

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Fight against Malnutrition can be achieved by help of

Dietitians

• Can work with both, healthy and medically unhealthy.

• Can evaluate, diagnose and treat medical conditions.

• Use the most recent scientific evidence on nutrition

• ‘Dietitian' is a protected title.

Nutritionists

• Only able to provide information about food and diet

• Can work with Dietitians to advise on evaluation, and diagnosis of medical conditions.

• ‘Nutritionist’ isn’t a protected title.

Nutritional therapists

• Make recommendations for a diet to improve or prevent illnesses.

• Advices are often based on personal opinions or beliefs.

• ‘Nutritional therapist’ isn’t a protected title.

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Interventions made by these professionals

A therapeutic diet

• Is planned to meet or exceed the dietary allowances.

• Aim of diet therapy is to maintain health and help the patient to regain nutritional wellbeing.

• Are modifications of the normal diet.

Nutrition Counselling

• Provide information about food and diet.

• Provide suggestions about healthy dieting.

• With the help of a medical practitioner, can help people with medical issues.

Diet Therapy

• Use of appropriate foods as a tool in the recovery from illness

• Such as medical or surgical treatment.

• Dietary intervention during ailments such as, obesity and diabetes mellitus.

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Scope of Nutrition and Dietetics

Practicing Dietetics has scope across variety of platforms, some of the examples are as follows :

• Planning food and nutrition programme

• Supervising meal preparations in schools and hospitals

• Recommending dietary modifications

• Educating patients on diets that may help their condition

• Working with other healthcare professionals (Doctors, Pharma companies etc.)

• Consultants to hospitality industry Ro

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Food Service Nutritionist

Clinical Nutritionist

Sports Nutritionist

Public Health Nutritionist

Nutrition Consultant

Pediatric Nutritionist

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Scope of Nutrition and Dietetics

A 2012 Study by Roderick S. Hooker, PhD and collogues on Dietetics Supply and Demand: 2010-2020, projected a huge mismatch in terms of demand and supply of dietetics practitioners , with demand being very high.

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A task for you!

Write the word HEALTH on a page and circle it. Now, write as many words as you can think of that come to your mind when you think of health. Scribble them down. Write down the date and keep this page as a reminder of the beginning of your journey.

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Summary of Learning

●Health is composed of various components and all needs to be balanced.

●Healthy Diet and Nutrition is very important for performance and longevity.

●Malnutrition is a challenge for the society and can be tackled by forming right eating habits.

●Dietetics is a knowledge field which can help us, as a society to tackle malnutrition.

●Dietetics professional will play huge role across various fields and will have great role in making society healthier across the globe.

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Your feedback is valuable

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Help us to care better.

Some important steps taken so far based on your feedback -

1. We have added practical points wherever possible (across all modules)

2. We have improved your dashboard

3. We have added prerequisites in all the modules in order to help you set a better learning flow

4. We have aligned our query solving strategies

5. To help part-time students to learn flexibly, we have arranged all N&E diploma modules in the weekdays and weekends

And we promise to do more..

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TIME FOR Q&A

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Thank you!!