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How much sugar is hidden in drinks marketed to children? A Survey of fruit juices, juice drinks and

smoothies

Journal: BMJ Open

Manuscript ID bmjopen-2015-010330

Article Type: Research

Date Submitted by the Author: 21-Oct-2015

Complete List of Authors: Boulton, Jane; Queen Mary University of London, Consensus Action on Salt and Health , Wolfson Institute Hashem, Kawther; Consensus Action on Salt and Health , Wolfson Institute

Jenner, Katharine; Queen Mary University of London, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine Lloyd-Williams, Ffion; University of Liverpool, Public Health and Policy Bromley, Helen; University of Liverpool, Public Health and Policy Capewell, Simon; University of Liverpool, Public Health and Policy

<b>Primary Subject Heading</b>:

Public health

Secondary Subject Heading: Qualitative research

Keywords: PUBLIC HEALTH, SUGAR SWEETENED BEVERAGES, FOOD INDUSTRY, CHILDREN, QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

For peer review only - http://bmjopen.bmj.com/site/about/guidelines.xhtml

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How much sugar is hidden in drinks marketed to children?

A Survey of fruit juices, juice drinks and smoothies

Jane Boulton1, Kawther Hashem

1, Katharine Jenner

1, Ffion Lloyd-Williams

2, Helen Bromley

2

Simon Capewell2

1Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, London,

UK

2Department of Public Health and Policy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

Corresponding Author:

Dr. Ffion Lloyd-Williams

Research Fellow

University of Liverpool

Department of Public Health and Policy

Whelan Building

Brownlow Hill

Liverpool

L69 3GB

Tel. +44 (0) 151 794 5118

Fax. +44 (0) 151 794 5588

Email: [email protected]

Key Words: Public Health; Sugar Sweetened Beverages; Food Industry; children

Word Count:

Abstract: 240 words

Paper: 1,730 words

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ABSTRACT

Objective

To investigated the amount of sugars in fruit juices and juice drinks marketed to children.

Design

We surveyed the sugar content (per 100ml and standardised 200ml portion) of all fruit

juices, juice drinks and smoothies sold by seven major UK supermarkets (supermarket own

and branded products). Only products specifically marketed towards children were

included. We excluded sports drinks, iced teas, carbonated drinks and cordials as being not

specifically marketed towards children.

Results

We identified 203 fruit juices, juice drinks and smoothies marketed to children.

Free sugars content ranged from 0 -16 g/100ml. The mean free sugars content was 7 g/100

ml but among the 100% fruit juice category it was 10.7 g/100 ml.

Smoothies (13 g/100 ml) contained the highest amounts of sugar and juice drinks (5.6 g/100

ml) contained the lowest.

117 of the 203 fruit juice drinks surveyed would merit a Food Standards Agency “red”

colour-coded label for sugars for per 200ml serving and only 63 drinks would receive a

“green” colour-coded label.

85 products contained at least 19g of free sugars, the entire child’s maximum daily amount

of free sugars for the day.

57 products contained added sugar (sucrose); 65 contained non-caloric sweeteners, and 5

contained both. Seven products contained glucose fructose syrup.

Conclusions

The free sugars content in fruit juice, juice drinks and smoothies marketed to children in the

UK is unacceptably high.

Manufacturers must stop adding unnecessary sugars and calories to their juices and drinks.

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Strengths and limitations of this study

• A comprehensive assessment of sugar content of drinks marketed to children.

• Assessment of actual portion size (200ml) provided actual amount of sugar

consumed.

• Only drinks available at supermarket chains were recorded.

• New varieties of drinks appear on the market steadily and may be different.

Funding Statement

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial

or not-for-profit sectors.

Competing Interests

We declare that none of the authors have any conflicts of interest.

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Introduction

Free sugars are the most important dietary factor in dental caries 1,2

. When consumed as a

drink, fructose derived from fruit is as likely to cause dental caries as all other sugars 3. In

the 2012 Children’s Local Dental Health Survey, 28 per cent of five-year-olds in England had

obvious decay experience in the primary teeth, rising to 35 per cent of five-year-olds in the

North West 4. In 2013 12 per cent of three-year-old children had experienced obvious dental

decay 5. Dental decay is the most common reason for children in England being admitted to

hospital 6. Furthermore, an increased intake of fructose and the consumption of sugar-

sweetened drinks has been associated with childhood obesity 7,8

.

‘Free sugars’ (formerly known as Non-Milk Extrinsic Sugars), include monosaccharides (such

as glucose and fructose) and disaccharides (such as sucrose and lactose) that are added to

products, such as sugar-sweetened juice drinks. Free sugars also include sugars naturally

present in products, such as pure fruit juices and fruit concentrates 9. It is a term used to

distinguish between the sugars that are naturally present in fully unrefined carbohydrates

such as fruit.

Consumption of free sugars, particularly in the form of beverages, can lead to an increase in

total sugar intake and a reduction in the consumption of more nutritionally valuable food,

thus leading to an unhealthy diet, increased weight and risk of non-communicable diseases. 10,11,12.

Most recent figures show one in five children aged four to five years and one in three

children aged 10 to 11 years are overweight or obese 6. Children who are overweight are

more likely to develop illnesses such as type 2 diabetes 13

, have an increased likelihood of

weight and health problems in adolescence, and are more likely to become overweight or

obese adults 14

.

Children aged between four and 10 years old are now getting 30% of their free sugars intake

from soft drinks 15

. In a recent survey, looking at people’s perception of sugar in drinks, the

free sugars content of fruit juices and smoothies was underestimated by 48% on average,

whereas the free sugars content of carbonated drinks was overestimated by 12% 16

.

Therefore it is not surprising that the role of sugar-sweetened drinks and fruit juices in the

increase in caries and obesity has recently been at the forefront of public debate 17

.

This study aimed to record the amount of free sugars in fruit juice drinks marketed to

children and determine which drinks contain added sugar, non-caloric sweeteners and free

sugars derived from fruit.

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Methods

This survey looked at free sugars per 100ml and per standardised 200ml portion of 203 soft fruit

juices, juice drinks and smoothies from seven supermarkets (Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury’s, M&S,

Waitrose, The Co-operative and Morrisons) in the UK. Fruit juice, juice drinks and smoothies

were identified by the Definitions provided by the British Soft Drinks Association (Box 1).

Carbonated drinks and cordials (data would be skewed due to the variations in diluting

drinks) were omitted and only single portion cartons were recorded. Only products that

were specifically marketed towards children were included. This was determined using the

supermarkets’ online shopping system and recording products under their children’s drinks

section e.g. ‘lunchbox and kids’. For supermarkets with no online shopping, size and design

of packaging determined if the products were aimed towards children. Some drinks

manufacturers produce products specifically designed for children, for example, Tropicana

Kids, only products in these ranges were recorded. Both supermarket own and branded

products were recorded.

Product size ranged from 65ml-500ml and were recalculated at 200ml from the 100ml data.

Teaspoons of sugar per standardised 200ml portion (calculated using 4grams of sugar per

teaspoon 18

was converted into teaspoons to help the researcher visualise the amount of

sugar. The ingredient list was recorded for the analysis of added sugar (sucrose), natural

free sugars and non-caloric sweeteners.

Data were retrieved online or in-store between July and August 2014.

BOX 1 Fruit juice, juice drinks and smoothies as defined by the British Soft Drinks Association

Fruit juices are defined as, ‘100% pure juice made from the flesh of fresh fruit or from

whole fruit, depending on the type used. It is not permitted to add sugars,

sweeteners, preservatives, flavourings or colourings to fruit juice’

Juice drinks are ‘1% to 99% juice, nectars, still flavoured waters, sports drinks and iced

teas’ (British Soft Drinks Association, 2014). As neither sports drinks or iced teas are

marketed towards children, they were not included in the survey.

Smoothies labelled as "fruit juice" should not include any additional ingredients and is

subject to the same regulations as fruit juice. Non pure fruit smoothies may contain

other ingredients such as yoghurt or milk which must be labelled

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Results

60 out of the 203 fruit juices and juice drinks contained added sugar. Sugar content ranged

from 0 -16 g/100ml. The average sugar content was 7 g/100 ml but among the 100% fruit

juice category it was 10.7 g/100 ml. 117 of the 203 drinks surveyed would merit a Food

Standards Agency (FSA) “red” colour-coded label for sugars for per 200ml serving (Table 1)

and only 63 drinks would receive a “green” traffic light label 19.

Large variations existed in free sugars content between different types of drinks and within

the same type of drinks. On average, juice drinks contained the lowest amounts (mean 5.6

g/100 ml) and smoothies contained the highest amounts (mean 13 g/100 ml, Table 2).

85 of the 203 fruit juice drinks contained at least 19g of free sugars, the entire child’s

maximum daily amount of free sugars for the day.

57 products contained added sugar (sucrose); 65 contained non-caloric sweeteners, and 5

contained both. The majority of products were sweetened with Acesulfame K and Sucralose

and Aspartame. 12 of the 78 products contained both sugars and sweeteners.

Seven products contained glucose fructose syrup. 140 products contained no added sugars

or non-caloric sweeteners.

Appendix 1 provides the full list of results

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Discussion

The World Health Assembly (WHA) recently, adopted a global target of 25% relative

reduction in non-communicable diseases by 2025 20

. This includes policies to reduce the

content of free and added sugars in non-alcoholic beverages as well as reducing the impact

on children of marketing of non-alcoholic beverages high in free sugars 20

. In the UK, a

national childhood obesity prevention strategy for England is expected late in 2015. This is

likely to include measures to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks.21

Using a standardised 200ml serving size, results from this survey show 64% of drinks

surveyed would contain at least half of a child’s sugar allowance for the day (9.5g), with 42%

of products containing a full days recommended sugar allowance (19g)18

.

The World Health Organisation recently revised guidelines recommending reducing total

energy intake per day from 10% to below 5% 2,18

. That has now been supported by the

Government’s Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition22

and has been endorsed by the

UK government.

For young children (4-6 years), this 5% limit will represent a maximum of around 19g per

day (four teaspoons of sugar). A recent systematic review goes further, recommending that

an intake below 2-3% is necessary to avoid dental caries. The meta-analysis suggests that

an increase from near-zero sugar to 5% of energy intake doubles the prevalence of caries in

children23

. Figures from the latest National Diet and Nutrition Survey data show that in

children aged 4 to 10 years the average intake of free sugars is 14.7% of total energy 24

,

threefold higher than the new recommendations.

Current guidelines state a 150ml glass of pure fruit juice at meal times counts as a maximum

of one of the ‘5 a Day’ 25

. However, Public Health England are aiming to refresh the ‘5 a Day’

campaign, including a reconsideration of the advice on fruit juice and smoothies 26

. This

appears crucial, based upon our findings. Of the 46 different brands included in this survey,

only five brands produced products at a 150ml size with all other products exceeding the

recommended serving size. The smoothies surveyed contained up to seven different pieces

of fruit, however according to guidelines, none of the products made up more than one of

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the recommended ‘5 a Day’ 25.

Therefore any additional nutritional value may be

superseded by the high concentration of free sugars and lack of fibre. One key difference

between whole fruit and juice is fibre content. Whole fruit slows down consumption and has

a satiating effect 27

. Research shows the body metabolises fruit juice in a different way

compared to whole fruit. After whole fruit consumption the body seems to appropriately

adjust its subsequent energy intake, whereas after fruit juice consumption the body does

not compensate for the energy intake 28

.

78 of the 203 fruit juice drinks included in our study contained non-caloric sweeteners, the

majority of products were sweetened with Acesulfame K and Sucralose and Aspartame.

Although all these sweeteners have been declared safe by the European Food Safety

Authority 29

, health experts believe a reduction in the overall sweetness of products is

necessary in order for children’s taste to become unaccustomed to sweetness 30

. Therefore,

replacing sugars with non-caloric sweeteners does not necessarily provide a long term

solution to reducing sugars consumption and subsequent health problems.

All labels on products recorded contained a Reference Intake (RI), in line with European law

31. The former Guideline Daily Amount, gave separate figures for adults and children, with RI

providing one figure, which applies to an average adult female 32

. Furthermore, pure fruit

juices are labeled as Fruit Juice, whilst products with any other added ingredients are known

as Juice Drinks. With all this in mind it is fair to say, labelling of fruit juice and juice drinks

marketing towards children can be unclear and thus potentially confusing for parents trying

to make healthy choices.

Study limitations

Only drinks available at supermarket chains were recorded, therefore there may be other

products available to the public in other smaller independent stores. Furthermore new

varieties of drinks appear on the market steadily and may have different properties from

those recorded. Results, comparisons or conclusions drawn from this survey can thus only

apply to the products in this time period.

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Conclusions

Sugars content in fruit juice, juice drinks and smoothies marketed to children in the UK is

unacceptably high. Over 40% of products surveyed contained at least 19g of free sugars - an

entire child’s maximum daily amount of free sugars for the day. Furthermore, these high

levels of both added and naturally occurring sugars are not always clear on packaging.

Furthermore, evidence from this survey suggests that parents should be cautious when

replacing some drinks with fruit juices in an effort to provide a healthier option for their

children.

We would suggest that drinks with high free sugars content should not count as one of the

UK government’s “five a day” recommendation. Ideally, fruit should be consumed in its

whole form, not as juice. Parents should dilute fruit juice with water, opt for unsweetened

juices, and only give them during meals. And portions should be limited to 150ml a day.

Manufacturers now face a stark choice: stop adding unnecessary sugars and calories to

their juices and drinks, or risk regulation which may threaten profits.

Author Contributions

JB conducted the fieldwork and analysis with assistance from KH and KJ. SC and JB led the

project. KH, KJ, HB FLW and SC helped to design and deliver the project. JB and FLW wrote

the paper with input and approval from all authors.

Data Sharing Statement

All available data is provided in the manuscript and Appendix 1

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TABLE 1 PRODUCTS SURVEYED MERITING A FSA “RED” TRAFFIC LIGHT LABEL FOR SUGARS

FOR PER 200ML SERVING

Product Name Sugars (g) per

200ml

serving*

Teaspoons sugar (g)

equiv/ 200ml

serving* Fruit Juice

Asda Chosen by Kids Tropical Juice From Concentrate 4 x180ml 26.0 7

Morrisons Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 3 x 200ml 25.2 6

Eager Cloudy Pressed Apple & Mango Juice 4 x 180ml 24.0 6

Essential Waitrose Pure Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 4 x 200ml 23.8 6

Eager 100% Cloudy Pressed Pineapple Juice 4 x 180ml 23.0 6

Morrisons Apple Juice From Concentrate 3 x 200ml 22.8 6

Calypso 12 Juice Shots 100% Pure Apple Juice From Concentrate 12 x

85ml 22.8 6

Essential Waitrose Pure Apple Juice From concentrate 3 x 200ml 22.4 6

Jucee 100% Pure Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 22.0 6

The Co-operative Loved By Us Pure Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 3 x

200ml 22.0 6

Jucee 100% Pure Apple Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 20.8 5

Jucee 100% Pure Cherries & Berries 6 x 200ml 20.8 5

Morrisons Orange Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 20.8 5

Sainsbury's Smooth Orange Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 20.8 5

The Co-operative Pure Apple Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 20.8 5

Copella English Apple 330ml 20.6 5

Essential Waitrose Pure Orange Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 20.4 5

Jucee 100% Pure Orange Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 18.4 5

The Co-operative Loved By Us Pure Orange Juice From Concentrate 3 x

200ml 18.4 5

Innocent 100% Tropical Juice for Kids 4x180ml 17.8 4

Innocent 100% Apple Juice for Kids 4 x 180ml 15.6 4

Juice Drinks

Rubicon Lychee Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 26.6 7

Rubicon Passion Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 26.2 7

Aasani Passion Fruit 250ml 25.6 6

SunStream Splash Mango Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 25.4 6

Rubicon Mango Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 25.2 6

Rubicon Guava Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 25.2 6

Aasani Tropical Juice Drink 250ml 25.0 6

Tesco Blackcurrant Pouch Juice Drink 10X200ml 25.0 6

Capri-Sun Blackcurrant Juice Drink 24.0 6

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Blackcurrant & Apple Juice Drink pouches 10 x

200ml 23.4 6

Ocean Spray Cranberry &R/Berry Juice Drink 3X200ml 23.2 6

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SunStream Splash Lychee Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 23.2 6

Rubicon Pomegranate Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 22.6 6

Sainsbury's Apple Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 22.6 6

Rubicon Papaya Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 22.2 6

Capri-Sun Orange & Tropical 330ml 22.0 6

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Apple & Blackcurrant 275ml 22.0 6

Ocean Spray Cranberry Classic 3 X 200Ml 22.0 6

SunStream Splash Tropical Juice Drink 200ml 22.0 6

Tesco Fruit Splash Apple Juice Drink 10X200ml 22.0 6

Ribena Strawberry 10 x 200ml 21.8 5

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Orange Juice Drink pouches 10 x 200ml 21.8 5

Um Bongo Mango and Apple Congocoction Juice Drink 200ml 21.8 5

Sunny D Zingy Orange Berry Juice Drink 500ml 21.2 5

Capri-Sun Juice Drink Tropical 10 x 200ml Pouches 21.2 5

Waitrose Apple & Mango Juice Drink 5 x 250ml 21.0 5

Ribena Blackcurrant 10 x 200ml 21.0 5

Ribena Raspberry 288ml 20.8 5

Capri-Sun Apple Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 20.8 5

Waitrose Orange & Passionfruit Fruit Juice Drink 5 x 250ml 20.6 5

Sunny D Juicy Orange Passion Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 20.6 5

Capri - Sun Juice Drink Summer Berries 200ml 20.4 5

SunStream Splash Orange Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 20.4 5

SunStream Splash Apple Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 20.2 5

Capri-Sun Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink 330ml 20.0 5

Capri-Sun Orange 3 x 330ml 20.0 5

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Orange 275ml 20.0 5

Capri-Sun Juice Drink Orange 10 x 200ml Pouches 20.0 5

Um Bongo Orang-Utan Orange Juice Drink 200ml 20.0 5

Ribena Pineapple & Passion Fruit 500ml 19.8 5

Um Bongo Original Congocoction Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 19.8 5

Ribena Apple 500ml 19.6 5

Ribena Mango & Lime 500ml 19.6 5

Don Simon Disney-Pixar Monsters University Tropical Juice Drink 200ml 19.6 5

Capri - Sun Juice Drink Mango 19.2 5

Capri-Sun 100% Pure Juice Apple 5 x 200ml Pouches 18.6 5

Robinsons Fruit Shoot My-5 Apple & Pear 200ml 18.0 5

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Apple and Raspberry Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 17.8 4

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Tropical Juicy Water 3 x 250ml 17.4 4

Cherrygood Burst 3X200ml 17.2 4

Don Simon Disney-Pixar Monsters University Apple & Blackcurrant Juice

Drink 17.2 4

Robinsons Fruit Shoot My-5 Orange & Pineapple 200ml 17.2 4

Sunny D Smooth California Citrus Juice Drink 500ml 17.0 4

Capri-Sun Apple & Cherry Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 16.8 4

Feel Good Kids Juice Drink Orange, Pineapple and Banana 4 x 180ml 16.8 4

Ribena Orange 288ml 16.4 4

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Robinsons Fruit Shoot My-5 Apple & Blackcurrant 200ml 16.4 4

Sunny Delight Florida Style Orange Drink 5 x 200ml 16.4 4

Capri-Sun Fruit Crush Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 16.2 4

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Orange and Lemon Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 16.2 4

Capri-Sun Fruit Crush Tropical 75% Fruit Juice 25% Spring Water 16.0 4

5 Alive Citrus Five Fruit Blend 150ml 16.0 4

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Apple & Mango Juicy Water 3 x 250ml 15.8 4

Capri-Sun Fruit Crush Apple & Pear Juice Drink 200ml 15.8 4

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Blackcurrant and Cherry Juice Drink 3 x

200ml 15.8 4

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Apple, Raspberry & Grape Juicy Water 3 x 250ml 15.6 4

Tropicana Kids Apple Juice Drink 4 x 200ml 15.6 4

Tropicana Kids Orange Juice Drink 4 x 200ml 15.4 4

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Pear and Vanilla Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 14.4 4

Feel Good Kids Juice Drink Blackcurrant, Apple & Grape 4 x 180ml 14.4 4

I Mune Nurture Orange & Pineapple Water 4X200ml 14.0 4

Cawston Press Kids' Blend Apple & Mango 3 x 200ml 13.6 3

Smoothies

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple & Banana Fruit Smoothie Snack for kids 32.2 8

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple & Strawberry Fruit Smoothie Snack for

kids 32.2 8

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple Fruit Smoothie Snacks 32.2 8

Ella's Kitchen The Yellow One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 30.2 8

Innocent Smoothies for Kids – Apples and Blackcurrants, 6 x 180ml 28.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Orange One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 28.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Purple One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 27.6 7

Sainsbury's Smoothie, Apple & Blackcurrant 5x90g 27.6 7

Don Simon Disney Pixar Cars 2 Tropical Smoothie 3 x 200ml 27.4 7

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Tropical 3 x 200ml 27.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Green One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 26.2 7

Innocent Smoothies for Kids Oranges, Mangoes & Pineapples 6 x 180ml 26.2 7

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Peach & Passionfruit 3 x 200ml 26.0 7

Happy Monkey Smoothie Strawberry & Banana 4 x 180ml 25.4 6

Don Simon Disney Princess Strawberry & Raspberry Smoothie 3 x 200ml 25.2 6

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Strawberry & Raspberry 3 x

200ml 25.2 6

Happy Monkey Smoothie Orange & Mango 4 x 180ml 24.2 6

Innocent Smoothies for Kids Cherries and Strawberries 4 x 180ml 23.0 6

Ella's Kitchen The Red One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 23.0 6

Tesco Goodness Slurpers Apple & Blackcurrant Fruit Smoothie Snacks 23.0 6

Tesco Goodness Slurpers Tropical Fruit Smoothie Snacks 23.0 6

Lake Distict Frumoo Raspberry & Blueberry 230ml 21.4 5

Innocent 100% Pure Fruit Smoothie For Kids Strawberries, Blackberries &

Raspberries 180ml 19.0 5

The Co-operative Strawberry Smoothie 18.8 5

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TABLE 2 SMOOTHIES SUGAR CONTENT

Product Name Sugars (g)

per 100ml

Sugars (g)

per 200ml

serving

Teaspoons

sugar (g) equiv/

200ml serving

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple & Banana Fruit Smoothie Snack for

kids 16.1 32.2 8

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple & Strawberry Fruit Smoothie Snack

for kids 16.1

32.2 8

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple Fruit Smoothie Snacks 16.1 32.2 8

Ella's Kitchen The Yellow One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 15.1 30.2 8

Innocent Smoothies for Kids – Apples and Blackcurrants, 6 x 180ml 14.2 28.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Orange One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 14.2 28.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Purple One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 13.8 27.6 7

Sainsbury's Smoothie, Apple & Blackcurrant 5x90g 13.8 27.6 7

Don Simon Disney Pixar Cars 2 Tropical Smoothie 3 x 200ml 13.7 27.4 7

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Tropical 3 x 200ml 13.7 27.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Green One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 13.1 26.2 7

Innocent Smoothies for Kids Oranges, Mangoes & Pineapples 6 x

180ml 13.1

26.2 7

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Peach & Passionfruit 3 x

200ml 13.0

26.0 7

Happy Monkey Smoothie Strawberry & Banana 4 x 180ml 12.7 25.4 6

Don Simon Disney Princess Strawberry & Raspberry Smoothie 3 x

200ml 12.6

25.2 6

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Strawberry & Raspberry 3

x 200ml 12.6

25.2 6

Happy Monkey Smoothie Orange & Mango 4 x 180ml 12.1 24.2 6

Innocent Smoothies for Kids Cherries and Strawberries 4 x 180ml 11.5 23.0 6

Ella's Kitchen The Red One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 11.5 23.0 6

Tesco Goodness Slurpers Apple & Blackcurrant Fruit Smoothie

Snacks 11.5

23.0 6

Tesco Goodness Slurpers Tropical Fruit Smoothie Snacks 11.5 23.0 6

Lake Distict Frumoo Raspberry & Blueberry 230ml 10.7 21.4 5

Innocent 100% Pure Fruit Smoothie For Kids Strawberries,

Blackberries & Raspberries 180ml 9.5

19.0 5

The Co-operative Strawberry Smoothie 9.4 18.8 5

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APPENDIX 1 – FULL RESULTS

Data table sorted by category, alphabetically, highest sugars (g) per 100ml. Product information was collected online, instore or direct from

manufacturers.

Colour coding based on new front of pack colour-coded nutrition labelling criteria.

Sugars - Red >13.5g/portion or >11.25g/100ml, Amber >2.5≤11.25/100ml, Green ≤2.25g/100ml

Serving size has been standardised to 200ml, the standard portion size given on 46% of packs. Although many varieties are available in a

200ml carton size, serving size ranged from 85-500ml and have been recalculated as 200ml for comparison purposes.

Product Name Portion

size

Sugars (g) per

100ml

Sugars (g)

per 200ml

serving*

Teaspoons

sugar (g)

equiv/

200ml


Asda Chosen by Kids Tropical Juice From Concentrate 4 x180ml 180 13.0 26.0 7

Morrisons Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 12.6 25.2 6

Eager Cloudy Pressed Apple & Mango Juice 4 x 180ml 180 12.0 24.0 6

Essential Waitrose Pure Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 4 x 200ml 200 11.9 23.8 6

Eager 100% Cloudy Pressed Pineapple Juice 4 x 180ml 180 11.5 23.0 6

Morrisons Apple Juice From Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 11.4 22.8 6

Calypso 12 Juice Shots 100% Pure Apple Juice From Concentrate 12 x 85ml 85 11.4 22.8 6

Essential Waitrose Pure Apple Juice From concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 11.2 22.4 6

Jucee 100% Pure Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 200 11.0 22.0 6

The Co-operative Loved By Us Pure Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 11.0 22.0 6

Jucee 100% Pure Apple Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 200 10.4 20.8 5

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Jucee 100% Pure Cherries & Berries 6 x 200ml 200 10.4 20.8 5

Morrisons Orange Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 10.4 20.8 5

Sainsbury's Smooth Orange Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 10.4 20.8 5

The Co-operative Pure Apple Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 10.4 20.8 5

Copella English Apple 330ml 330 10.3 20.6 5

Essential Waitrose Pure Orange Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 200 10.2 20.4 5

Jucee 100% Pure Orange Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 200 9.2 18.4 5

The Co-operative Loved By Us Pure Orange Juice From Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 9.2 18.4 5

Innocent 100% Tropical Juice for Kids 4x180ml 180 8.9 17.8 4

Innocent 100% Apple Juice for Kids 4 x 180ml 180 7.8 15.6 4

average 21.4 5

Juice Drinks

Rubicon Lychee Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 288 13.3 26.6 7

Rubicon Passion Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 288 13.1 26.2 7

Aasani Passion Fruit 250ml 250 12.8 25.6 6

SunStream Splash Mango Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 200 12.7 25.4 6

Rubicon Mango Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 500 12.6 25.2 6

Rubicon Guava Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 288 12.6 25.2 6

Aasani Tropical Juice Drink 250ml 250 12.5 25.0 6

Tesco Blackcurrant Pouch Juice Drink 10X200ml 200 12.5 25.0 6

Capri-Sun Blackcurrant Juice Drink 200 12.2 24.0 6

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Blackcurrant & Apple Juice Drink pouches 10 x 200ml 200 11.7 23.4 6

Ocean Spray Cranberry &R/Berry Juice Drink 3X200ml 200 11.6 23.2 6

SunStream Splash Lychee Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 200 11.6 23.2 6

Rubicon Pomegranate Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 288 11.3 22.6 6

Sainsbury's Apple Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 11.3 22.6 6

Rubicon Papaya Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 288 11.1 22.2 6

Capri-Sun Orange & Tropical 330ml 330 11.0 22.0 6

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Apple & Blackcurrant 275ml 275 11.0 22.0 6

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Ocean Spray Cranberry Classic 3 X 200Ml 200 11.0 22.0 6

SunStream Splash Tropical Juice Drink 200ml 200 11.0 22.0 6

Tesco Fruit Splash Apple Juice Drink 10X200ml 200 11.0 22.0 6

Ribena Strawberry 10 x 200ml 200 10.9 21.8 5

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Orange Juice Drink pouches 10 x 200ml 200 10.9 21.8 5

Um Bongo Mango and Apple Congocoction Juice Drink 200ml 200 10.9 21.8 5

Sunny D Zingy Orange Berry Juice Drink 500ml 500 10.6 21.2 5

Capri-Sun Juice Drink Tropical 10 x 200ml Pouches 200 10.6 21.2 5

Waitrose Apple & Mango Juice Drink 5 x 250ml 250 10.5 21.0 5

Ribena Blackcurrant 10 x 200ml 200 10.5 21.0 5

Ribena Raspberry 288ml 288 10.4 20.8 5

Capri-Sun Apple Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 200 10.4 20.8 5

Waitrose Orange & Passionfruit Fruit Juice Drink 5 x 250ml 250 10.3 20.6 5

Sunny D Juicy Orange Passion Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 10.3 20.6 5

Capri - Sun Juice Drink Summer Berries 200ml 200 10.2 20.4 5

SunStream Splash Orange Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 200 10.2 20.4 5

SunStream Splash Apple Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 200 10.1 20.2 5

Capri-Sun Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink 330ml 330 10.0 20.0 5

Capri-Sun Orange 3 x 330ml 330 10.0 20.0 5

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Orange 275ml 275 10.0 20.0 5

Capri-Sun Juice Drink Orange 10 x 200ml Pouches 200 10.0 20.0 5

Um Bongo Orang-Utan Orange Juice Drink 200ml 200 10.0 20.0 5

Ribena Pineapple & Passion Fruit 500ml 500 9.9 19.8 5

Um Bongo Original Congocoction Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 9.9 19.8 5

Ribena Apple 500ml 500 9.8 19.6 5

Ribena Mango & Lime 500ml 500 9.8 19.6 5

Don Simon Disney-Pixar Monsters University Tropical Juice Drink 200ml 200 9.8 19.6 5

Capri - Sun Juice Drink Mango 200 9.6 19.2 5

Capri-Sun 100% Pure Juice Apple 5 x 200ml Pouches 200 9.3 18.6 5

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Robinsons Fruit Shoot My-5 Apple & Pear 200ml 200 9.0 18.0 5

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Apple and Raspberry Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 8.9 17.8 4

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Tropical Juicy Water 3 x 250ml 250 8.7 17.4 4

Cherrygood Burst 3X200ml 200 8.6 17.2 4

Don Simon Disney-Pixar Monsters University Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink 200 8.6 17.2 4

Robinsons Fruit Shoot My-5 Orange & Pineapple 200ml 200 8.6 17.2 4

Sunny D Smooth California Citrus Juice Drink 500ml 500 8.5 17.0 4

Capri-Sun Apple & Cherry Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 200 8.4 16.8 4

Feel Good Kids Juice Drink Orange, Pineapple and Banana 4 x 180ml 180 8.4 16.8 4

Ribena Orange 288ml 288 8.2 16.4 4

Robinsons Fruit Shoot My-5 Apple & Blackcurrant 200ml 200 8.2 16.4 4

Sunny Delight Florida Style Orange Drink 5 x 200ml 200 8.2 16.4 4

Capri-Sun Fruit Crush Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 8.1 16.2 4

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Orange and Lemon Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 8.1 16.2 4

Capri-Sun Fruit Crush Tropical 75% Fruit Juice 25% Spring Water 200 8.0 16.0 4

5 Alive Citrus Five Fruit Blend 150ml 150 8.0 16.0 4

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Apple & Mango Juicy Water 3 x 250ml 250 7.9 15.8 4

Capri-Sun Fruit Crush Apple & Pear Juice Drink 200ml 200 7.9 15.8 4

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Blackcurrant and Cherry Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 7.9 15.8 4

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Apple, Raspberry & Grape Juicy Water 3 x 250ml 250 7.8 15.6 4

Tropicana Kids Apple Juice Drink 4 x 200ml 200 7.8 15.6 4

Tropicana Kids Orange Juice Drink 4 x 200ml 200 7.7 15.4 4

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Pear and Vanilla Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 7.2 14.4 4

Feel Good Kids Juice Drink Blackcurrant, Apple & Grape 4 x 180ml 180 7.2 14.4 4

I Mune Nurture Orange & Pineapple Water 4X200ml 200 7.0 14.0 4

Cawston Press Kids' Blend Apple & Mango 3 x 200ml 200 6.8 13.6 3

Vimto 500ml 500 6.5 13.0 3

Cawston Press Kids' Blend Apple & Pear 3 x 200ml 200 6.4 12.8 3

Heinz Apple and Blackcurrent Fruity Spring Water 150 6.4 12.8 3

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5 Alive Berry Five Fruit Blend Juice Drink 250ml 250 6.1 12.2 3

5 Alive Tropical Five Fruit Blend Juice Drink 250ml 250 6.1 12.2 3

5 Alive Apple 150ml 150 6.1 12.2 3

Peter Rabbit Organics Organic Pear Juice Drink 150ml 150 6.1 12.2 3

Drench Juicy Spring Water Orange and Passion Fruit 440ml 440 6.0 12.0 3

Innocent Apples and Peaches Fruity Water for Kids 180ml 180 6.0 12.0 3

Calypso Aqua Juice Apple Juicy Mineral Water 200ml 200 5.7 11.4 3

Calypso Aqua Juice Forest Fruits Juicy Mineral Water 200ml 200 5.6 11.2 3

Calypso Aqua Juice Orange Juicy Mineral Water 200ml 200 5.4 10.8 3

Innocent Apples and Mangoes Fruity Water for Kids 180ml 180 5.0 10.0 3

Peter Rabbit Organics Organic Juice with Water Summer Berries 250ml 250 4.7 9.4 2

Peter Rabbit Organics Organic Juice with Water Orange and Mango 250ml 250 4.5 9.0 2

Peter Rabbit Organics Organic Apple and Grape Juice Drink 150ml 150 4.4 8.8 2

Peter Rabbit Organics Organic Blackcurrant and Apple Juice Drink 150ml 150 4.2 8.4 2

Oasis Blackcurrant Apple 500ml 500 4.1 8.2 2

Oasis Mango Medley 500ml 500 4.1 8.2 2

Oasis Pineapple Rush 500ml 500 4.1 8.2 2

Oasis Citrus Punch 375ml 375 4.1 8.2 2

Oasis Summer Fruits 6 x 375ml 375 4.1 8.2 2

Rubicon Mango Light 288ml 288 3.8 7.6 2

Del Monte Fruit Burst Sweet Apple & Blackcurrant 200ml 200 1.9 3.8 1

Moshi Water Strawberry & Raspberry 4X250ml 250 1.9 3.8 1

Moshi Water Blackcurrant 4 X 250Ml 250 1.7 3.4 1

Del Monte Fruit Burst Fruity Pineapple & Raspberry 6 x 200ml 200 1.7 3.4 1

Del Monte Fruit Burst Cool Cherry & Luscious Lime 200ml 200 1.6 3.2 1

Del Monte Fruit Burst Sour Apple & Strawberry 200ml 200 1.6 3.2 1

Del Monte Fruit Burst Sherbet Lemon Orange & Lime 6 x 200ml 200 1.3 2.6 1

Morrisons Nas Apple & Blackcurrant Juice 3 x 250ml 250 1.2 2.4 1

Asda Chosen by Kids Apple & Pear Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 1.2 2.4 1

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Tesco Fruit Splash Orange 4X250ml 250 1.1 2.2 1

Asda Chosen by Kids Apple & Mango Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 1.1 2.2 1

Asda Chosen by Kids Cherries & Berries Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 1.1 2.2 1

Asda Chosen by Kids Pineapple & Orange Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 1.1 2.2 1

Asda Chosen by Kids No Added Sugar Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drinks 6 x 300ml 300 1.0 2.0 1

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Juice Drink Orange 300ml 300 1.0 2.0 1

Jucee Apple and Blackcurrant Juice Drink 4 x 250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Jucee Cherries & Berries Juice Drink 4 x 250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Morrisons No Added Sugar Apple Juice Drink 3 x 250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Apple Juice Drink 8 x 250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Blackcurrant & Apple Juice Drink 4 x 250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Tesco Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink No Added Sugar 3X250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Tesco Apple Juice Drink No Added Sugar 3X250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Tesco Tropical Juice No Added Sugar 3X250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Asda Chosen by Kids Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 1.0 2.0 1

Ribena Plus Immunity Support No Added Sugar Apple & Peach 10 x 200ml 200 1.0 2.0 1

Asda Chosen by Kids No Added Sugar Orange Juice Drinks 6 x 300ml 300 0.9 1.8 0

Asda Chosen by Kids No Added Sugar Tropical Juice Drinks 6 x 300ml 300 0.9 1.8 0

Jucee No Added Sugar Orange Juice Drink 250ml 250 0.9 1.8 0

Sainsbury's No Added Sugar Fruit Slurps Orange Juice Drink 4 x 250ml 250 0.9 1.8 0

Sainsbury's No Added Sugar Fruit Slurps Summer Fruits Juice Drink 8 x 250ml 250 0.9 1.8 0

Ribena Plus Immunity Support No Added Sugar Red Apple 4 x 200ml 200 0.9 1.8 0

Ribena Plus Immunity Support No Added Sugar Summer Fruits 200 0.9 1.8 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Apple 8 x 200ml 200 0.9 1.8 0

Asda Chosen by Kids No Added Sugar Summer Fruits Juice Drinks 6 x 300ml 300 0.8 1.6 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Tropical 275ml 275 0.8 1.6 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Apple & Blackcurrant 15 x 200ml 200 0.8 1.6 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Orange 15 x 200ml 200 0.8 1.6 0

Vimto Cherry No Added Sugar 3 x 250ml 250 0.7 1.4 0

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Robinsons Fruit Shoot Summer Fruits 8 x 200ml 200 0.7 1.4 0

Oasis Peach Passionfruit Light 500ml 500 0.6 1.2 0

Oasis Summer Fruits Light 500ml 500 0.5 1.0 0

Ribena No Added Sugar Blackcurrant 288ml 288 0.5 1.0 0

Ribena Plus Healthy Bones No Added Sugar Raspberry & Apple 10 x 200ml 200 0.5 1.0 0

Vimto No Added Sugar 500ml 500 0.4 0.8 0

Ribena Plus Healthy Bones No Added Sugar Blackcurrant 10 x 200ml 200 0.4 0.8 0

Sainsbury's Basics No Added Sugar Apple Juice Drink 9 x 250ml 250 0.3 0.6 0

Sainsbury's Basics No Added Sugar Orange Juice Drink 9 x 250ml 250 0.3 0.6 0

Vimto Strawberry No Added Sugar 3 x 250ml 250 0.3 0.6 0

Calypso Cups Disney-Pixar Monsters University Juice Drinks 24 x 185ml 185 0.3 0.6 0

Ribena Plus Apple & Peach 500ml 500 0.2 0.4 0

Panda Blackcurrant Still Juice Drink 330ml 330 0.2 0.4 0

Panda Orange Still Juice Drink 330ml 330 0.2 0.4 0

Panda Raspberry Still Juice Drink 6 x 330ml 330 0.2 0.4 0

Calypso Disney-Pixar Monsters University Apple Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 0.2 0.4 0

Calypso Disney Orange Juice Drink 6 x 200ml 200 0.1 0.2 0

Calypso Disney Princess Blackcurrant Juice Drink 6 x 200ml 200 0.1 0.2 0

Calypso Disney-Pixar Orange Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 0.1 0.2 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Mega Hydro Spring Water Drink Apple & Raspberry 4 x

350ml 250 0.0

0.0 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Hydro Mini Spring Water Drink Blackcurrant 8 x 200ml 200 0.0 0.0 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Hydro Mini Spring Water Drink Orange & Pineapple 8 x

200ml 200 0.0

0.0 0

Asda Chosen by Kids No Added Sugar Cool Cups Orange / Raspberry 24 x 185ml 185 0.0 0.0 0

Asda Chosen by Kids No Added Sugar Cool Cups Strawberry, Apple & Blackcurrant

24 x 185ml 185 0.0

0.0 0

Sainsbury's Eric The Elephant Fruit Cup Drink 12x185ml 185 0.0 0.0 0

average 11.1

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Smoothies

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple & Banana Fruit Smoothie Snack for kids 90 16.1 32.2 8

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple & Strawberry Fruit Smoothie Snack for kids 90 16.1 32.2 8

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple Fruit Smoothie Snacks 90 16.1 32.2 8

Ella's Kitchen The Yellow One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 90 15.1 30.2 8

Innocent Smoothies for Kids – Apples and Blackcurrants, 6 x 180ml 180 14.2 28.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Orange One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 90 14.2 28.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Purple One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 90 13.8 27.6 7

Sainsbury's Smoothie, Apple & Blackcurrant 5x90g 90 13.8 27.6 7

Don Simon Disney Pixar Cars 2 Tropical Smoothie 3 x 200ml 200 13.7 27.4 7

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Tropical 3 x 200ml 200 13.7 27.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Green One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 180 13.1 26.2 7

Innocent Smoothies for Kids Oranges, Mangoes & Pineapples 6 x 180ml 180 13.1 26.2 7

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Peach & Passionfruit 3 x 200ml 200 13.0 26.0 7

Happy Monkey Smoothie Strawberry & Banana 4 x 180ml 180 12.7 25.4 6

Don Simon Disney Princess Strawberry & Raspberry Smoothie 3 x 200ml 200 12.6 25.2 6

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Strawberry & Raspberry 3 x 200ml 200 12.6 25.2 6

Happy Monkey Smoothie Orange & Mango 4 x 180ml 180 12.1 24.2 6

Innocent Smoothies for Kids Cherries and Strawberries 4 x 180ml 180 11.5 23.0 6

Ella's Kitchen The Red One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 90 11.5 23.0 6

Tesco Goodness Slurpers Apple & Blackcurrant Fruit Smoothie Snacks 90 11.5 23.0 6

Tesco Goodness Slurpers Tropical Fruit Smoothie Snacks 90 11.5 23.0 6

Lake Distict Frumoo Raspberry & Blueberry 230ml 200 10.7 21.4 5


Raspberries 180ml 180 9.5

19.0 5

The Co-operative Strawberry Smoothie 250 9.4 18.8 5

average 26.0 6

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How much sugar is hidden in drinks marketed to children? A Survey of fruit juices, juice drinks and

smoothies

Journal: BMJ Open

Manuscript ID bmjopen-2015-010330.R1

Article Type: Research

Date Submitted by the Author: 14-Dec-2015

Complete List of Authors: Boulton, Jane; University of Liverpool School of Dentistry Hashem, Kawther; Consensus Action on Salt and Health , Wolfson Institute Jenner, Katharine; Queen Mary University of London, Wolfson Institute of

Preventive Medicine Lloyd-Williams, Ffion; University of Liverpool, Public Health and Policy Bromley, Helen; University of Liverpool, Public Health and Policy Capewell, Simon; University of Liverpool, Public Health and Policy

<b>Primary Subject Heading</b>:

Public health

Secondary Subject Heading: Qualitative research

Keywords: PUBLIC HEALTH, SUGAR SWEETENED BEVERAGES, FOOD INDUSTRY, CHILDREN, QUALITATIVE RESEARCH


BMJ Open on July 13, 2021 by guest. P

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1

How much sugar is hidden in drinks marketed to children?

A survey of fruit juices, juice drinks and smoothies

Jane Boulton1, Kawther Hashem

2, Katharine Jenner

2, Ffion Lloyd-Williams

3, Helen Bromley

3

Simon Capewell3

1School of Dentistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

2Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, London,

UK

3Department of Public Health and Policy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

Corresponding Author:

Dr. Ffion Lloyd-Williams

Research Fellow

University of Liverpool

Department of Public Health and Policy

Whelan Building

Brownlow Hill

Liverpool

L69 3GB

Tel. +44 (0) 151 794 5118

Fax. +44 (0) 151 794 5588

Email: [email protected]

Key Words: Public Health; Sugar Sweetened Beverages; Food Industry; Children

Word Count:

Abstract: 245 words

Paper: 2,231 words

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ABSTRACT

Objective

To investigate the amount of sugars in fruit juices, juice drinks and smoothies marketed to

children.

Design

We surveyed the sugars content (per 100ml and standardised 200ml portion) of all fruit

juices, juice drinks and smoothies sold by seven major UK supermarkets (supermarket own

and branded products). Only products specifically marketed towards children were

included. We excluded sports drinks, iced teas, sugar-sweetened carbonated drinks and

cordials as being not specifically marketed towards children.

Results

We identified 203 fruit juices (n = 21), juice drinks (n = 158) and smoothies (n = 24) (FJJDS)

marketed to children.

Free sugars content ranged from 0 -16 g/100ml. The mean free sugars content was 7 g/100

ml but among the 100% fruit juice category it was 10.7 g/100 ml.

Smoothies (13 g/100 ml) contained the highest amounts of sugar and juice drinks (5.6 g/100

ml) contained the lowest.

117 of the 203 FJJDS surveyed would merit a Food Standards Agency “red” colour-coded

label for sugars for per 200ml serving. Only 63 FJJDS would receive a “green” colour-coded

label.

85 products contained at least 19g of free sugars - a child’s entire maximum daily amount of

free sugars.

57 products contained sugar (sucrose); 65 contained non-caloric sweeteners; and 5

contained both. 7 products contained glucose fructose syrup.

Conclusions

The free sugars content in fruit juice, juice drinks and smoothies marketed to children in the

UK is unacceptably high.

Manufacturers must stop adding unnecessary sugars and calories to their FJJDS.

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Strengths and limitations of this study

• A comprehensive assessment of the sugars content of fruit juice, juice drinks and

smoothies (FJJDS) marketed to children.

• Assessment of actual portion size (200ml) provided actual amount of sugars

contained.

• Only FJJDS available at supermarket chains were recorded.

• New varieties of FJJDS appear on the market steadily and may be different.

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Introduction

Free sugars are the most important dietary cause of dental caries1,2

. When consumed as a

drink, fructose derived from fruit is as likely to cause dental caries as all other sugars3. In

the 2012 Children’s Local Dental Health Survey, 28 per cent of five-year-olds in England had

obvious decay experience in the primary teeth, rising to 35 per cent of five-year-olds in the

North West4. In 2013, 12 per cent of three-year-old children had experienced obvious dental

decay5. Dental decay is the most common reason for children in England being admitted to

hospital6. Furthermore, an increased intake of fructose and the consumption of sugar-

sweetened drinks has been associated with childhood obesity 7,8

.

“Free sugars” refer to monosaccharides (such as glucose, fructose) and disaccharides (such

as sucrose or table sugar) added to foods and drinks by the manufacturer, cook or

consumer, and sugars naturally present in honey, syrups, fruit juices and fruit juice

concentrates9. It is a term used to distinguish between the sugars that are naturally present

in fully unrefined carbohydrates such as fruit.

Consumption of free sugars, particularly in the form of beverages, can lead to an increase in

total sugar intake and a reduction in the consumption of more nutritionally valuable food,

thus leading to an unhealthy diet, increased weight and risk of non-communicable diseases.

10,11,12. Most recent figures show one in five children aged four to five years and one in three

children aged 10 to 11 years are overweight or obese 6. Children who are overweight are

more likely to develop illnesses such as type 2 diabetes 13

, have an increased likelihood of

weight and health problems in adolescence, and are more likely to become overweight or

obese adults 14

.

Children aged between four and 10 years old are now getting 30% of their free sugars intake

from soft drinks15

. In a recent survey, looking at people’s perception of sugar in drinks, the

free sugars content of fruit juices and smoothies was underestimated by 48% on average,

whereas the free sugars content of carbonated drinks was overestimated by 12% 16

.

Therefore, it is not surprising that the role of sugar-sweetened drinks and fruit juices in the

increase in caries and obesity has recently been at the forefront of public debate 17

.

Furthermore, there is increasing public awareness of the negative impact of sugar-

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sweetened drinks on children’s health18

. As a result, parents may replace sugar-sweetened

carbonated drinks (that are perceived to be unhealthy) with FJJDS (that are perceived to be

healthier). However, this can also have a negative health impact if the sugar content of

FJJDS is equal to or higher than sugar-sweetened carbonated drinks.

This study aimed to record the amount of free sugars in fruit juices, juice drinks and

smoothies (FJJDS) marketed to children and determine which FJJDS contain table sugar,

syrups, non-caloric sweeteners and free sugars derived from fruit.

Appendix 1 provides definitions for the various types of sugars referred to in this paper.

Methods

This survey looked at free sugars per 100ml and per standardised 200ml portion of 203 soft fruit

juices, juice drinks and smoothies from seven supermarkets (Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury’s, M&S,

Waitrose, The Co-operative and Morrisons) in the UK. FJJDS were identified by the definitions

provided by the British Soft Drinks Association (Box 1).

Only products that were specifically marketed towards children were included. Sugar-

sweetened drinks, sports drinks, and iced teas were excluded. Cordials were also excluded.

Although cordials are marketed towards children, they are not single serve portions that

were the focus of this survey. Cordials should be diluted one part cordial to 9 parts water

(with nutritional typical values shown with this dilution), however people generally dilute to

taste so the sugar content of a single serve would vary from person to person. Furthermore,

they are not suitable for lunchboxes.

Only single portion cartons were recorded. This was determined using the supermarkets’

online shopping system and recording products under their children’s FJJDS section e.g.

‘lunchbox and kids’. For supermarkets with no online shopping, size and design of packaging

determined if the products were aimed towards children. Some drinks manufacturers

produce products specifically designed for children, for example, Tropicana Kids, only

products in these ranges were recorded. Both supermarket own and branded products

were recorded.

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Product sizes ranged from 65ml-500ml and were recalculated at 200ml from the 100ml

data. Teaspoons of sugar per standardised 200ml portion (calculated using 4 grams of sugar

per teaspoon19

were converted into teaspoons to help the researcher visualise the amount

of sugar. The ingredient list was recorded for the analysis of table sugar (sucrose), syrups,

free sugars derived from fruit and non-caloric sweeteners (Box 2).

Data were retrieved online or in-store between July and August 2014.

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BOX 1 Fruit juice, juice drinks and smoothies as defined by the British Soft Drinks Association

Fruit juices are defined as, ‘100% pure juice made from the flesh of fresh fruit or from

whole fruit, depending on the type used. It is not permitted to add sugars,

sweeteners, preservatives, flavourings or colourings to fruit juice’

Juice drinks are ‘1% to 99% juice, nectars, still flavoured waters, sports drinks and iced

teas’ (British Soft Drinks Association, 2014). As neither sports drinks or iced teas are

marketed towards children, they were not included in the survey.

Smoothies labelled as "fruit juice" should not include any additional ingredients and is

subject to the same regulations as fruit juice. Non pure fruit smoothies may contain

other ingredients such as yoghurt or milk which must be labelled

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Box 2 Identification of sugars translated into specific terms from the product ingredients

list

Added Sugar Natural Sugars Non-Caloric

Sweeteners

Sugar Juice Acesulfame K

Glucose Fructose Syrup Fruit Juice from Concentrate Sucralose

Sodium Saccharin

Results

203 fruit juices, juice drinks and smoothies (FJJDS) were identified. Of the 203 products, 21

were fruit juices, 158 were juice drinks and 24 were smoothies (Table 1).

Of the 179 fruit juices and juice drinks, 60 contained table sugar (sucrose). Free sugars

content ranged from 0-16 g/100ml. The average sugars content was 7 g/100 ml but among

the 100% fruit juice category it was 10.7 g/100 ml. 117 of the 203 FJJDS surveyed would

merit a Food Standards Agency (FSA) “red” colour-coded label for sugars for a 200ml serving

(Table 2), and only 63 FJJDS would receive a “green” colour-coded label20.

Large variations existed in free sugars content between different types of FJJDS and within

the same type of FJJDS. On average, juice drinks contained the lowest amounts (mean 5.6

g/100 ml) and smoothies contained the highest (mean 13 g/100 ml, Table 3).

Of the 158 juice drinks, 85 contained at least 19g of free sugars - the child’s entire

maximum daily amount of free sugars.

60 products contained table sugar (sucrose); 65 contained non-caloric sweeteners, and 5

contained both. The majority of products were sweetened with Acesulfame K, Sucralose and

Aspartame. Of the 78/203 products, 12 contained both sugars and non-caloric sweeteners.

Of the 203 products, seven contained glucose fructose syrup. 140 products contained no

sugars or non-caloric sweeteners.

Appendix 2 provides the full list of results.

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Discussion

The World Health Assembly (WHA) recently adopted a global target of 25% relative

reduction in non-communicable diseases by 202521

. This includes policies to reduce the

content of free and added sugars in non-alcoholic beverages, as well as reducing the impact

on children of marketing of non-alcoholic beverages high in free sugars21

. In the UK, a

national childhood obesity prevention strategy for England is expected in early 2016. This is

likely to include measures to reduce the consumption of sugar-sweetened carbonated soft

drinks22.

Using a standardised 200ml serving size, results from this survey show 64% of FJJDS

surveyed would contain at least half of a young child’s sugar allowance for the day (9.5g),

with 42% of products containing a full days recommended sugar allowance (19g for 4- 6 year

olds)23

. Current guidelines state a 150ml glass of pure fruit juice at meal times counts as a

maximum of one of the ‘5 a Day’ 24

. However, Public Health England are aiming to refresh

the ‘5 a Day’ campaign, including a reconsideration of the advice on fruit juice and

smoothies 25

. This appears crucial, based upon our findings. Of the products included in this

survey, only five produced products at a 150ml size. All other products exceeded the

recommended serving size and are likely to be consumed in a single seating as a single

portion, therefore greatly increasing the child’s sugar intake.

Furthermore, the FSA thresholds relate to adult intake of sugars, therefore we can speculate

that the number of FJJDS with a “red” colour code are an underestimation and the number

of FJJDS with a “green” colour code are an overestimation for children’s sugar

consumption20

.

The World Health Organization recently revised guidelines recommending reducing total

daily energy intake from free sugars from 10% to below 5%19

. This has now been supported

by the Government’s Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN)23

. SACN

recommends that the average population intake of free sugars should not exceed 5% of

total dietary energy for age groups from 2 years upwards23

. This has been endorsed by the

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UK government. For young children, this 5% limit will represent a maximum of around 19g

per day (nearly five teaspoons of sugar)19

. A recent critical in-depth review goes further,

recommending that an intake below 2-3% is necessary to avoid dental caries. The review

suggests that an increase from near-zero sugar to 5% of energy intake doubles the

prevalence of caries in children26

. Figures from the latest UK National Diet and Nutrition

Survey data show that in children aged 4 to 10 years, the average intake of free sugars is

14.7% of total energy27

: threefold higher than the new recommendations.

One key difference between whole fruit and juice is fibre content. Whole fruit slows down

consumption and has a satiating effect28

. Research shows the body metabolises fruit juice

in a different way compared to whole fruit. After whole fruit consumption the body seems

to adjust its subsequent energy intake appropriately, whereas after fruit juice consumption,

the body does not compensate for the energy intake29

.

We did not initially set out to record the number of products containing non-caloric

sweeteners. However, of the 203 FJJDS included in our study, 78 contained non-caloric

sweeteners, the majority of which were sweetened with Acesulfame K, Sucralose and

Aspartame. Although all these non-caloric sweeteners have been declared safe by the

European Food Safety Authority30

, health experts believe a reduction in the overall

sweetness of products is necessary in order for children’s taste to become less accustomed

to sweetness31

. Although, replacing sugars with non-caloric sweeteners may lead to

improved markers of long term metabolic health and weight loss, they will not necessarily

provide a long term solution to reducing sugars consumption and subsequent health

problems.

All labels on products recorded contained a Reference Intake, in line with European law32

.

The reference Intake provides one figure, which applies to an average-sized adult female

doing an average amount of physical activity33

. This figure is not appropriate for children

who have very different energy intake requirements and energy expenditure. Furthermore,

pure fruit juices are labeled as Fruit Juice, whilst products with any other added ingredients

are known as Juice Drinks. With all this in mind it is fair to say, labelling of fruit juice and

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juice drinks marketed towards children can be unclear and thus potentially confusing for

parents trying to make healthier choices.

Study limitations

We acknowledge a number of limitations to this study. Firstly, only FJJDS available at

supermarket chains were recorded but there may be other products available to the public

in other smaller independent stores. Secondly, new varieties of FJJDS appear on the market

steadily and may have different properties from those recorded. Results, comparisons or

conclusions drawn from this survey can thus only apply to the products in this time period

(July and August 2014). Thirdly, we only focused on sugars content and did not include an

assessment of the portion size of beverages marketed to children which could be

considerably larger than the recommended amount. Fourthly, no lactose added to food or

drink is now considered as free sugars. However, in the products where some milk was

added we could not identify from the labelling what percentage came from the lactose

therefore it was not excluded. Finally, the study was based on sugars content data provided

on the available packaging labels in store on the dates of collection; hence we relied on the

accuracy of the data provided on the label. Therefore, it is assumed that the manufacturers

provide accurate and up to date information in line with EU Regulations. However, future

studies should include free sugars determined through laboratory analysis to achieve a

better understanding of the true free sugars and breakdown of free sugars composition.

Nevertheless, the results of this study are relevant and serve to document the sugars

content of FJJDS products sold in UK supermarkets, providing a foundation for future studies

and providing evidence for the sugar reduction program and the soft drink industry.

Conclusions

Sugars content in fruit juice, juice drinks and smoothies marketed to children in the UK is

high. Over 40% of products surveyed contained at least 19g of free sugars - a child’s entire

maximum daily amount of free sugars. Evidence from this survey suggests that parents

should be cautious when replacing some sugar-sweetened carbonated drinks with FJJDS in

an effort to provide a healthier option for their children.

We suggest that FJJDS with high free sugars content should not count as one of the UK

government’s “5 a day” recommendation. Ideally, fruit should be consumed in its whole

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form, not as juice. Parents should dilute fruit juice with water, opt for unsweetened juices,

and only give them during meals. Portions should be limited to 150ml a day. In order to help

combat the growing problem of childhood obesity, manufacturers need to stop adding

unnecessary sugars and calories to their FJJDS now; otherwise it will be essential for the

Government to introduce legislation to regulate the free sugars content of these products.

Author Contributions

JB conducted the fieldwork. Analysis was conducted by KH. SC and JB led the project. KH,

KJ, HB FLW and SC helped to design and deliver the project. JB and FLW wrote the paper

with input and approval from all authors.

Funding Statement

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial

or not-for-profit sectors.

Competing Interests

We declare that none of the authors have any conflicts of interest.

Data sharing

No additional data available.

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from:

https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/300886/2

902158_FoP_Nutrition_2014.pdf#sthash.tIzxHErf.dpu (accessed 07.12.15)

21. World Heart Federation Follow-up to the Political Declaration of the High-level Meeting

of the General Assembly on the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases 2014

Available from: http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA66/A66_R10-en.pdf World

[Accessed 02/07/2014].

22. Action on Sugar Childhood Obesity Plan 2014 Available from:

http://www.actiononsalt.org.uk/actiononsugar/Press%20Release%20/133979.pdf [Accessed

02/07/2014].

23. The Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition. Carbohydrates and Health Report July

2015

https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/445503/S

ACN_Carbohydrates_and_Health.pdf (accessed 07.12.15)

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24. NHS 5 A DAY: what counts? 2014 Available from:

http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/5ADAY/Pages/Whatcounts.aspx [Accessed 02/07/2014].

25. Public Health England Sugar reduction Responding to the challenge 2014 Available from:

www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/324043/Sugar_Re

duction_Responding_to_the_Challenge_26_June.pdf [Accessed 02/07/2014].

26. Sheiham A. James, W. A new understanding of the relationship between sugars, dental

caries and fluoride use: implications for limits on sugars consumption Public Health Nutrition

2014:Jun 3:1-9.

27. Bates B. Lennox A. Prentice A. Bates C. Page P. Nicholson S. Swan G. National Diet and

Nutrition Survey: Headline results from Years 1 to 4 (combined) of the rolling programme

from 2008 and 2009 to 2011 and 2012. 2014 Available from:

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-diet-and- nutrition-survey-results-

from-years-1-to-4-combined-of-the-rolling-programme-for-2008-and-2009-to- 2011-and-

2012 [Accessed 02/07/2014].

28. Mattes D. Campbell, W. Effects of Food Form and Timing of Ingestion on Appetite

Journal of the American Dietetic Association 2009:109:430–437

29. Flood-Obbagy J. Rolls B. The effect of fruit in different forms on energy intake and

satiety at a meal Appetite 2009: 52(2): 416–422.

30. European Food Safety Authority Sweetners 2014 Available from:

http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/sweeteners.htm EFSA [Accessed 02/07/2014].

31. Macgregor G. Soft Drinks Survey 2014 Available from:

http://www.actiononsalt.org.uk/actiononsugar/Sugar%20in%20the%20news/118445.html

[Accessed 02/07/2014].

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32. The Food and Drink Federation Food labelling: A tool to help improve the food literacy of

consumers 2014 Available from: http://www.gdalabel.org.uk/gda/reference-intakes.aspx

[Accessed 02/07/2014].

33. NHS Food Labels 2014 Available from:

http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/Goodfood/Pages/food-labelling-terms.aspx [Accessed

02/07/2014].

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TABLE 1 NUMBER AND AVERAGE SUGAR CONTENT OF PRODUCTS INCLUDED

Category Number Mean Sugars (g/100ml)

Juice drinks 158 5.6

100% fruit juice 21 10.7

Smoothies 24 13

Total 203 7

TABLE 2 PRODUCTS SURVEYED MERITING A FSA “RED” TRAFFIC LIGHT LABEL FOR SUGARS

FOR PER 200ML SERVING

(Department of Health/FSA Traffic Light Labelling for Sugars: Sugar - Red >13.5g/portion or

>11.25g/100ml Amber >2.5≤11.25g/100ml, Green ≤2.25g/100ml) 19

Product Name Sugars (g) per

200ml

serving*

Teaspoons sugar (g)

equiv/ 200ml


Asda Chosen by Kids Tropical Juice From Concentrate 4 x180ml 26.0 7

Morrisons Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 3 x 200ml 25.2 6

Eager Cloudy Pressed Apple & Mango Juice 4 x 180ml 24.0 6

Essential Waitrose Pure Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 4 x 200ml 23.8 6

Eager 100% Cloudy Pressed Pineapple Juice 4 x 180ml 23.0 6

Morrisons Apple Juice From Concentrate 3 x 200ml 22.8 6

Calypso 12 Juice Shots 100% Pure Apple Juice From Concentrate 12 x

85ml 22.8 6

Essential Waitrose Pure Apple Juice From concentrate 3 x 200ml 22.4 6

Jucee 100% Pure Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 22.0 6

The Co-operative Loved By Us Pure Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 3 x

200ml 22.0 6

Jucee 100% Pure Apple Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 20.8 5

Jucee 100% Pure Cherries & Berries 6 x 200ml 20.8 5

Morrisons Orange Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 20.8 5

Sainsbury's Smooth Orange Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 20.8 5

The Co-operative Pure Apple Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 20.8 5

Copella English Apple 330ml 20.6 5

Essential Waitrose Pure Orange Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 20.4 5

Jucee 100% Pure Orange Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 18.4 5

The Co-operative Loved By Us Pure Orange Juice From Concentrate 3 x

200ml 18.4 5

Innocent 100% Tropical Juice for Kids 4x180ml 17.8 4

Innocent 100% Apple Juice for Kids 4 x 180ml 15.6 4

Juice Drinks

Rubicon Lychee Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 26.6 7

Rubicon Passion Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 26.2 7

Aasani Passion Fruit 250ml 25.6 6

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SunStream Splash Mango Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 25.4 6

Rubicon Mango Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 25.2 6

Rubicon Guava Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 25.2 6

Aasani Tropical Juice Drink 250ml 25.0 6

Tesco Blackcurrant Pouch Juice Drink 10X200ml 25.0 6

Capri-Sun Blackcurrant Juice Drink 24.0 6

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Blackcurrant & Apple Juice Drink pouches 10 x

200ml 23.4 6

Ocean Spray Cranberry &R/Berry Juice Drink 3X200ml 23.2 6

SunStream Splash Lychee Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 23.2 6

Rubicon Pomegranate Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 22.6 6

Sainsbury's Apple Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 22.6 6

Rubicon Papaya Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 22.2 6

Capri-Sun Orange & Tropical 330ml 22.0 6

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Apple & Blackcurrant 275ml 22.0 6

Ocean Spray Cranberry Classic 3 X 200Ml 22.0 6

SunStream Splash Tropical Juice Drink 200ml 22.0 6

Tesco Fruit Splash Apple Juice Drink 10X200ml 22.0 6

Ribena Strawberry 10 x 200ml 21.8 5

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Orange Juice Drink pouches 10 x 200ml 21.8 5

Um Bongo Mango and Apple Congocoction Juice Drink 200ml 21.8 5

Sunny D Zingy Orange Berry Juice Drink 500ml 21.2 5

Capri-Sun Juice Drink Tropical 10 x 200ml Pouches 21.2 5

Waitrose Apple & Mango Juice Drink 5 x 250ml 21.0 5

Ribena Blackcurrant 10 x 200ml 21.0 5

Ribena Raspberry 288ml 20.8 5

Capri-Sun Apple Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 20.8 5

Waitrose Orange & Passionfruit Fruit Juice Drink 5 x 250ml 20.6 5

Sunny D Juicy Orange Passion Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 20.6 5

Capri - Sun Juice Drink Summer Berries 200ml 20.4 5

SunStream Splash Orange Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 20.4 5

SunStream Splash Apple Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 20.2 5

Capri-Sun Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink 330ml 20.0 5

Capri-Sun Orange 3 x 330ml 20.0 5

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Orange 275ml 20.0 5

Capri-Sun Juice Drink Orange 10 x 200ml Pouches 20.0 5

Um Bongo Orang-Utan Orange Juice Drink 200ml 20.0 5

Ribena Pineapple & Passion Fruit 500ml 19.8 5

Um Bongo Original Congocoction Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 19.8 5

Ribena Apple 500ml 19.6 5

Ribena Mango & Lime 500ml 19.6 5

Don Simon Disney-Pixar Monsters University Tropical Juice Drink 200ml 19.6 5

Capri - Sun Juice Drink Mango 19.2 5

Capri-Sun 100% Pure Juice Apple 5 x 200ml Pouches 18.6 5

Robinsons Fruit Shoot My-5 Apple & Pear 200ml 18.0 5

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Apple and Raspberry Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 17.8 4

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Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Tropical Juicy Water 3 x 250ml 17.4 4

Cherrygood Burst 3X200ml 17.2 4

Don Simon Disney-Pixar Monsters University Apple & Blackcurrant Juice

Drink 17.2 4

Robinsons Fruit Shoot My-5 Orange & Pineapple 200ml 17.2 4

Sunny D Smooth California Citrus Juice Drink 500ml 17.0 4

Capri-Sun Apple & Cherry Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 16.8 4

Feel Good Kids Juice Drink Orange, Pineapple and Banana 4 x 180ml 16.8 4

Ribena Orange 288ml 16.4 4

Robinsons Fruit Shoot My-5 Apple & Blackcurrant 200ml 16.4 4

Sunny Delight Florida Style Orange Drink 5 x 200ml 16.4 4

Capri-Sun Fruit Crush Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 16.2 4

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Orange and Lemon Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 16.2 4

Capri-Sun Fruit Crush Tropical 75% Fruit Juice 25% Spring Water 16.0 4

5 Alive Citrus Five Fruit Blend 150ml 16.0 4

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Apple & Mango Juicy Water 3 x 250ml 15.8 4

Capri-Sun Fruit Crush Apple & Pear Juice Drink 200ml 15.8 4

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Blackcurrant and Cherry Juice Drink 3 x

200ml 15.8 4

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Apple, Raspberry & Grape Juicy Water 3 x 250ml 15.6 4

Tropicana Kids Apple Juice Drink 4 x 200ml 15.6 4

Tropicana Kids Orange Juice Drink 4 x 200ml 15.4 4

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Pear and Vanilla Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 14.4 4

Feel Good Kids Juice Drink Blackcurrant, Apple & Grape 4 x 180ml 14.4 4

I Mune Nurture Orange & Pineapple Water 4X200ml 14.0 4

Cawston Press Kids' Blend Apple & Mango 3 x 200ml 13.6 3

Smoothies

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple & Banana Fruit Smoothie Snack for kids 32.2 8

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple & Strawberry Fruit Smoothie Snack for

kids 32.2 8

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple Fruit Smoothie Snacks 32.2 8

Ella's Kitchen The Yellow One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 30.2 8

Innocent Smoothies for Kids – Apples and Blackcurrants, 6 x 180ml 28.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Orange One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 28.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Purple One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 27.6 7

Sainsbury's Smoothie, Apple & Blackcurrant 5x90g 27.6 7

Don Simon Disney Pixar Cars 2 Tropical Smoothie 3 x 200ml 27.4 7

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Tropical 3 x 200ml 27.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Green One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 26.2 7

Innocent Smoothies for Kids Oranges, Mangoes & Pineapples 6 x 180ml 26.2 7

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Peach & Passionfruit 3 x 200ml 26.0 7

Happy Monkey Smoothie Strawberry & Banana 4 x 180ml 25.4 6

Don Simon Disney Princess Strawberry & Raspberry Smoothie 3 x 200ml 25.2 6

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Strawberry & Raspberry 3 x

200ml 25.2 6

Happy Monkey Smoothie Orange & Mango 4 x 180ml 24.2 6

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Innocent Smoothies for Kids Cherries and Strawberries 4 x 180ml 23.0 6

Ella's Kitchen The Red One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 23.0 6

Tesco Goodness Slurpers Apple & Blackcurrant Fruit Smoothie Snacks 23.0 6

Tesco Goodness Slurpers Tropical Fruit Smoothie Snacks 23.0 6

Lake Distict Frumoo Raspberry & Blueberry 230ml 21.4 5


Raspberries 180ml 19.0 5

The Co-operative Strawberry Smoothie 18.8 5

TABLE 3 SMOOTHIES SUGAR CONTENT

Product Name Sugars (g)

per 100ml

Sugars (g)

per 200ml

serving

Teaspoons

sugar (g) equiv/

200ml serving

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple & Banana Fruit Smoothie Snack for

kids 16.1 32.2 8

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple & Strawberry Fruit Smoothie Snack

for kids 16.1

32.2 8

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple Fruit Smoothie Snacks 16.1 32.2 8

Ella's Kitchen The Yellow One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 15.1 30.2 8

Innocent Smoothies for Kids – Apples and Blackcurrants, 6 x 180ml 14.2 28.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Orange One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 14.2 28.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Purple One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 13.8 27.6 7

Sainsbury's Smoothie, Apple & Blackcurrant 5x90g 13.8 27.6 7

Don Simon Disney Pixar Cars 2 Tropical Smoothie 3 x 200ml 13.7 27.4 7

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Tropical 3 x 200ml 13.7 27.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Green One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 13.1 26.2 7

Innocent Smoothies for Kids Oranges, Mangoes & Pineapples 6 x

180ml 13.1

26.2 7

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Peach & Passionfruit 3 x

200ml 13.0

26.0 7

Happy Monkey Smoothie Strawberry & Banana 4 x 180ml 12.7 25.4 6

Don Simon Disney Princess Strawberry & Raspberry Smoothie 3 x

200ml 12.6

25.2 6

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Strawberry & Raspberry 3

x 200ml 12.6

25.2 6

Happy Monkey Smoothie Orange & Mango 4 x 180ml 12.1 24.2 6

Innocent Smoothies for Kids Cherries and Strawberries 4 x 180ml 11.5 23.0 6

Ella's Kitchen The Red One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 11.5 23.0 6

Tesco Goodness Slurpers Apple & Blackcurrant Fruit Smoothie

Snacks 11.5

23.0 6

Tesco Goodness Slurpers Tropical Fruit Smoothie Snacks 11.5 23.0 6

Lake Distict Frumoo Raspberry & Blueberry 230ml 10.7 21.4 5

Innocent 100% Pure Fruit Smoothie For Kids Strawberries,

Blackberries & Raspberries 180ml 9.5

19.0 5

The Co-operative Strawberry Smoothie 9.4 18.8 5

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APPENDIX 1 DEFINITIONS

Free sugars comprise all monosaccharides* and disaccharides* added to foods by the

manufacturer, cook or consumer, plus sugars naturally present in honey, syrups and

unsweetened fruit juices. Under this definition lactose (the sugar in milk) when naturally

present in milk and milk products and the sugars contained within the cellular structure of

foods (particularly fruits and vegetables) are excluded.

*Monosaccharides are single sugar units (glucose and fructose) and disaccharides are two

single units joined together (sucrose)

Fructose or fruit sugar is a simple ketonic monosaccharide found in many plants, where it is

often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose.

Glucose fructose syrup is a liquid sweetener used in the manufacturing of foods and

beverages.

Non-caloric sweeteners are substances that are used in place of sweeteners with sugar or

sugar alcohols. They may also be called sugar substitutes, nonnutritive sweeteners (NNS),

and artificial sweeteners. They include Aspartame, Sucralose, Saccharin, Stevia, Acesulfame

K, Neotame and Cyclamates.

Soft Drinks (also called soda, pop, coke, soda pop, fizzy drink, tonic, seltzer, mineral,

sparkling water, or carbonated beverage) is a drink that typically contains carbonated water,

a sweetener and a natural or artificial flavouring. The sweetener may be sugar, high-fructose

corn syrup, fruit juice, sugar substitutes or some combination of these.

Sucrose (Table Sugar) is a crystalline sugar found in many plants, especially sugar cane, sugar

beets, and sugar maple.

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APPENDIX 2 – FULL RESULTS

Data table sorted by category, alphabetically, highest sugars (g) per 100ml. Product information was collected online, instore or direct from

manufacturers.

Colour coding based on new front of pack colour-coded nutrition labelling criteria.

Sugars - Red >13.5g/portion or >11.25g/100ml, Amber >2.5≤11.25/100ml, Green ≤2.25g/100ml

Serving size has been standardised to 200ml, the standard portion size given on 46% of packs. Although many varieties are available in a

200ml carton size, serving size ranged from 85-500ml and have been recalculated as 200ml for comparison purposes.

Product Name Portion

size

Sugars (g) per

100ml

Sugars (g)

per 200ml

serving*

Teaspoons

sugar (g)

equiv/

200ml


Asda Chosen by Kids Tropical Juice From Concentrate 4 x180ml 180 13.0 26.0 7

Morrisons Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 12.6 25.2 6

Eager Cloudy Pressed Apple & Mango Juice 4 x 180ml 180 12.0 24.0 6

Essential Waitrose Pure Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 4 x 200ml 200 11.9 23.8 6

Eager 100% Cloudy Pressed Pineapple Juice 4 x 180ml 180 11.5 23.0 6

Morrisons Apple Juice From Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 11.4 22.8 6

Calypso 12 Juice Shots 100% Pure Apple Juice From Concentrate 12 x 85ml 85 11.4 22.8 6

Essential Waitrose Pure Apple Juice From concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 11.2 22.4 6

Jucee 100% Pure Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 200 11.0 22.0 6

The Co-operative Loved By Us Pure Pineapple Juice From Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 11.0 22.0 6

Jucee 100% Pure Apple Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 200 10.4 20.8 5

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Jucee 100% Pure Cherries & Berries 6 x 200ml 200 10.4 20.8 5

Morrisons Orange Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 10.4 20.8 5

Sainsbury's Smooth Orange Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 10.4 20.8 5

The Co-operative Pure Apple Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 10.4 20.8 5

Copella English Apple 330ml 330 10.3 20.6 5

Essential Waitrose Pure Orange Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 200 10.2 20.4 5

Jucee 100% Pure Orange Juice From Concentrate 6 x 200ml 200 9.2 18.4 5

The Co-operative Loved By Us Pure Orange Juice From Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 9.2 18.4 5

Innocent 100% Tropical Juice for Kids 4x180ml 180 8.9 17.8 4

Innocent 100% Apple Juice for Kids 4 x 180ml 180 7.8 15.6 4

average 21.4 5

Juice Drinks

Rubicon Lychee Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 288 13.3 26.6 7

Rubicon Passion Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 288 13.1 26.2 7

Aasani Passion Fruit 250ml 250 12.8 25.6 6

SunStream Splash Mango Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 200 12.7 25.4 6

Rubicon Mango Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 500 12.6 25.2 6

Rubicon Guava Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 288 12.6 25.2 6

Aasani Tropical Juice Drink 250ml 250 12.5 25.0 6

Tesco Blackcurrant Pouch Juice Drink 10X200ml 200 12.5 25.0 6

Capri-Sun Blackcurrant Juice Drink 200 12.2 24.0 6

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Blackcurrant & Apple Juice Drink pouches 10 x 200ml 200 11.7 23.4 6

Ocean Spray Cranberry &R/Berry Juice Drink 3X200ml 200 11.6 23.2 6

SunStream Splash Lychee Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 200 11.6 23.2 6

Rubicon Pomegranate Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 288 11.3 22.6 6

Sainsbury's Apple Juice from Concentrate 3 x 200ml 200 11.3 22.6 6

Rubicon Papaya Exotic Juice Drink 288ml 288 11.1 22.2 6

Capri-Sun Orange & Tropical 330ml 330 11.0 22.0 6

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Apple & Blackcurrant 275ml 275 11.0 22.0 6

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Ocean Spray Cranberry Classic 3 X 200Ml 200 11.0 22.0 6

SunStream Splash Tropical Juice Drink 200ml 200 11.0 22.0 6

Tesco Fruit Splash Apple Juice Drink 10X200ml 200 11.0 22.0 6

Ribena Strawberry 10 x 200ml 200 10.9 21.8 5

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Orange Juice Drink pouches 10 x 200ml 200 10.9 21.8 5

Um Bongo Mango and Apple Congocoction Juice Drink 200ml 200 10.9 21.8 5

Sunny D Zingy Orange Berry Juice Drink 500ml 500 10.6 21.2 5

Capri-Sun Juice Drink Tropical 10 x 200ml Pouches 200 10.6 21.2 5

Waitrose Apple & Mango Juice Drink 5 x 250ml 250 10.5 21.0 5

Ribena Blackcurrant 10 x 200ml 200 10.5 21.0 5

Ribena Raspberry 288ml 288 10.4 20.8 5

Capri-Sun Apple Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 200 10.4 20.8 5

Waitrose Orange & Passionfruit Fruit Juice Drink 5 x 250ml 250 10.3 20.6 5

Sunny D Juicy Orange Passion Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 10.3 20.6 5

Capri - Sun Juice Drink Summer Berries 200ml 200 10.2 20.4 5

SunStream Splash Orange Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 200 10.2 20.4 5

SunStream Splash Apple Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 200 10.1 20.2 5

Capri-Sun Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink 330ml 330 10.0 20.0 5

Capri-Sun Orange 3 x 330ml 330 10.0 20.0 5

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Orange 275ml 275 10.0 20.0 5

Capri-Sun Juice Drink Orange 10 x 200ml Pouches 200 10.0 20.0 5

Um Bongo Orang-Utan Orange Juice Drink 200ml 200 10.0 20.0 5

Ribena Pineapple & Passion Fruit 500ml 500 9.9 19.8 5

Um Bongo Original Congocoction Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 9.9 19.8 5

Ribena Apple 500ml 500 9.8 19.6 5

Ribena Mango & Lime 500ml 500 9.8 19.6 5

Don Simon Disney-Pixar Monsters University Tropical Juice Drink 200ml 200 9.8 19.6 5

Capri - Sun Juice Drink Mango 200 9.6 19.2 5

Capri-Sun 100% Pure Juice Apple 5 x 200ml Pouches 200 9.3 18.6 5

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Robinsons Fruit Shoot My-5 Apple & Pear 200ml 200 9.0 18.0 5

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Apple and Raspberry Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 8.9 17.8 4

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Tropical Juicy Water 3 x 250ml 250 8.7 17.4 4

Cherrygood Burst 3X200ml 200 8.6 17.2 4

Don Simon Disney-Pixar Monsters University Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink 200 8.6 17.2 4

Robinsons Fruit Shoot My-5 Orange & Pineapple 200ml 200 8.6 17.2 4

Sunny D Smooth California Citrus Juice Drink 500ml 500 8.5 17.0 4

Capri-Sun Apple & Cherry Juice Drink 10 x 200ml 200 8.4 16.8 4

Feel Good Kids Juice Drink Orange, Pineapple and Banana 4 x 180ml 180 8.4 16.8 4

Ribena Orange 288ml 288 8.2 16.4 4

Robinsons Fruit Shoot My-5 Apple & Blackcurrant 200ml 200 8.2 16.4 4

Sunny Delight Florida Style Orange Drink 5 x 200ml 200 8.2 16.4 4

Capri-Sun Fruit Crush Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 8.1 16.2 4

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Orange and Lemon Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 8.1 16.2 4

Capri-Sun Fruit Crush Tropical 75% Fruit Juice 25% Spring Water 200 8.0 16.0 4

5 Alive Citrus Five Fruit Blend 150ml 150 8.0 16.0 4

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Apple & Mango Juicy Water 3 x 250ml 250 7.9 15.8 4

Capri-Sun Fruit Crush Apple & Pear Juice Drink 200ml 200 7.9 15.8 4

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Blackcurrant and Cherry Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 7.9 15.8 4

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Apple, Raspberry & Grape Juicy Water 3 x 250ml 250 7.8 15.6 4

Tropicana Kids Apple Juice Drink 4 x 200ml 200 7.8 15.6 4

Tropicana Kids Orange Juice Drink 4 x 200ml 200 7.7 15.4 4

The Little Crackers Drinks Co Pear and Vanilla Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 7.2 14.4 4

Feel Good Kids Juice Drink Blackcurrant, Apple & Grape 4 x 180ml 180 7.2 14.4 4

I Mune Nurture Orange & Pineapple Water 4X200ml 200 7.0 14.0 4

Cawston Press Kids' Blend Apple & Mango 3 x 200ml 200 6.8 13.6 3

Vimto 500ml 500 6.5 13.0 3

Cawston Press Kids' Blend Apple & Pear 3 x 200ml 200 6.4 12.8 3

Heinz Apple and Blackcurrent Fruity Spring Water 150 6.4 12.8 3

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5 Alive Berry Five Fruit Blend Juice Drink 250ml 250 6.1 12.2 3

5 Alive Tropical Five Fruit Blend Juice Drink 250ml 250 6.1 12.2 3

5 Alive Apple 150ml 150 6.1 12.2 3

Peter Rabbit Organics Organic Pear Juice Drink 150ml 150 6.1 12.2 3

Drench Juicy Spring Water Orange and Passion Fruit 440ml 440 6.0 12.0 3

Innocent Apples and Peaches Fruity Water for Kids 180ml 180 6.0 12.0 3

Calypso Aqua Juice Apple Juicy Mineral Water 200ml 200 5.7 11.4 3

Calypso Aqua Juice Forest Fruits Juicy Mineral Water 200ml 200 5.6 11.2 3

Calypso Aqua Juice Orange Juicy Mineral Water 200ml 200 5.4 10.8 3

Innocent Apples and Mangoes Fruity Water for Kids 180ml 180 5.0 10.0 3

Peter Rabbit Organics Organic Juice with Water Summer Berries 250ml 250 4.7 9.4 2

Peter Rabbit Organics Organic Juice with Water Orange and Mango 250ml 250 4.5 9.0 2

Peter Rabbit Organics Organic Apple and Grape Juice Drink 150ml 150 4.4 8.8 2

Peter Rabbit Organics Organic Blackcurrant and Apple Juice Drink 150ml 150 4.2 8.4 2

Oasis Blackcurrant Apple 500ml 500 4.1 8.2 2

Oasis Mango Medley 500ml 500 4.1 8.2 2

Oasis Pineapple Rush 500ml 500 4.1 8.2 2

Oasis Citrus Punch 375ml 375 4.1 8.2 2

Oasis Summer Fruits 6 x 375ml 375 4.1 8.2 2

Rubicon Mango Light 288ml 288 3.8 7.6 2

Del Monte Fruit Burst Sweet Apple & Blackcurrant 200ml 200 1.9 3.8 1

Moshi Water Strawberry & Raspberry 4X250ml 250 1.9 3.8 1

Moshi Water Blackcurrant 4 X 250Ml 250 1.7 3.4 1

Del Monte Fruit Burst Fruity Pineapple & Raspberry 6 x 200ml 200 1.7 3.4 1

Del Monte Fruit Burst Cool Cherry & Luscious Lime 200ml 200 1.6 3.2 1

Del Monte Fruit Burst Sour Apple & Strawberry 200ml 200 1.6 3.2 1

Del Monte Fruit Burst Sherbet Lemon Orange & Lime 6 x 200ml 200 1.3 2.6 1

Morrisons Nas Apple & Blackcurrant Juice 3 x 250ml 250 1.2 2.4 1

Asda Chosen by Kids Apple & Pear Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 1.2 2.4 1

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Tesco Fruit Splash Orange 4X250ml 250 1.1 2.2 1

Asda Chosen by Kids Apple & Mango Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 1.1 2.2 1

Asda Chosen by Kids Cherries & Berries Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 1.1 2.2 1

Asda Chosen by Kids Pineapple & Orange Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 1.1 2.2 1

Asda Chosen by Kids No Added Sugar Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drinks 6 x 300ml 300 1.0 2.0 1

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Juice Drink Orange 300ml 300 1.0 2.0 1

Jucee Apple and Blackcurrant Juice Drink 4 x 250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Jucee Cherries & Berries Juice Drink 4 x 250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Morrisons No Added Sugar Apple Juice Drink 3 x 250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Apple Juice Drink 8 x 250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Sainsbury's Fruit Slurps Blackcurrant & Apple Juice Drink 4 x 250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Tesco Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink No Added Sugar 3X250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Tesco Apple Juice Drink No Added Sugar 3X250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Tesco Tropical Juice No Added Sugar 3X250ml 250 1.0 2.0 1

Asda Chosen by Kids Apple & Blackcurrant Juice Drink 5 x 200ml 200 1.0 2.0 1

Ribena Plus Immunity Support No Added Sugar Apple & Peach 10 x 200ml 200 1.0 2.0 1

Asda Chosen by Kids No Added Sugar Orange Juice Drinks 6 x 300ml 300 0.9 1.8 0

Asda Chosen by Kids No Added Sugar Tropical Juice Drinks 6 x 300ml 300 0.9 1.8 0

Jucee No Added Sugar Orange Juice Drink 250ml 250 0.9 1.8 0

Sainsbury's No Added Sugar Fruit Slurps Orange Juice Drink 4 x 250ml 250 0.9 1.8 0

Sainsbury's No Added Sugar Fruit Slurps Summer Fruits Juice Drink 8 x 250ml 250 0.9 1.8 0

Ribena Plus Immunity Support No Added Sugar Red Apple 4 x 200ml 200 0.9 1.8 0

Ribena Plus Immunity Support No Added Sugar Summer Fruits 200 0.9 1.8 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Apple 8 x 200ml 200 0.9 1.8 0

Asda Chosen by Kids No Added Sugar Summer Fruits Juice Drinks 6 x 300ml 300 0.8 1.6 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Tropical 275ml 275 0.8 1.6 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Apple & Blackcurrant 15 x 200ml 200 0.8 1.6 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Orange 15 x 200ml 200 0.8 1.6 0

Vimto Cherry No Added Sugar 3 x 250ml 250 0.7 1.4 0

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Robinsons Fruit Shoot Summer Fruits 8 x 200ml 200 0.7 1.4 0

Oasis Peach Passionfruit Light 500ml 500 0.6 1.2 0

Oasis Summer Fruits Light 500ml 500 0.5 1.0 0

Ribena No Added Sugar Blackcurrant 288ml 288 0.5 1.0 0

Ribena Plus Healthy Bones No Added Sugar Raspberry & Apple 10 x 200ml 200 0.5 1.0 0

Vimto No Added Sugar 500ml 500 0.4 0.8 0

Ribena Plus Healthy Bones No Added Sugar Blackcurrant 10 x 200ml 200 0.4 0.8 0

Sainsbury's Basics No Added Sugar Apple Juice Drink 9 x 250ml 250 0.3 0.6 0

Sainsbury's Basics No Added Sugar Orange Juice Drink 9 x 250ml 250 0.3 0.6 0

Vimto Strawberry No Added Sugar 3 x 250ml 250 0.3 0.6 0

Calypso Cups Disney-Pixar Monsters University Juice Drinks 24 x 185ml 185 0.3 0.6 0

Ribena Plus Apple & Peach 500ml 500 0.2 0.4 0

Panda Blackcurrant Still Juice Drink 330ml 330 0.2 0.4 0

Panda Orange Still Juice Drink 330ml 330 0.2 0.4 0

Panda Raspberry Still Juice Drink 6 x 330ml 330 0.2 0.4 0

Calypso Disney-Pixar Monsters University Apple Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 0.2 0.4 0

Calypso Disney Orange Juice Drink 6 x 200ml 200 0.1 0.2 0

Calypso Disney Princess Blackcurrant Juice Drink 6 x 200ml 200 0.1 0.2 0

Calypso Disney-Pixar Orange Juice Drink 3 x 200ml 200 0.1 0.2 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Mega Hydro Spring Water Drink Apple & Raspberry 4 x

350ml 250 0.0

0.0 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Hydro Mini Spring Water Drink Blackcurrant 8 x 200ml 200 0.0 0.0 0

Robinsons Fruit Shoot Hydro Mini Spring Water Drink Orange & Pineapple 8 x

200ml 200 0.0

0.0 0

Asda Chosen by Kids No Added Sugar Cool Cups Orange / Raspberry 24 x 185ml 185 0.0 0.0 0

Asda Chosen by Kids No Added Sugar Cool Cups Strawberry, Apple & Blackcurrant

24 x 185ml 185 0.0

0.0 0

Sainsbury's Eric The Elephant Fruit Cup Drink 12x185ml 185 0.0 0.0 0

average 11.1

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Smoothies

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple & Banana Fruit Smoothie Snack for kids 90 16.1 32.2 8

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple & Strawberry Fruit Smoothie Snack for kids 90 16.1 32.2 8

Tesco Goodness Slurper Apple Fruit Smoothie Snacks 90 16.1 32.2 8

Ella's Kitchen The Yellow One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 90 15.1 30.2 8

Innocent Smoothies for Kids – Apples and Blackcurrants, 6 x 180ml 180 14.2 28.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Orange One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 90 14.2 28.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Purple One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 90 13.8 27.6 7

Sainsbury's Smoothie, Apple & Blackcurrant 5x90g 90 13.8 27.6 7

Don Simon Disney Pixar Cars 2 Tropical Smoothie 3 x 200ml 200 13.7 27.4 7

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Tropical 3 x 200ml 200 13.7 27.4 7

Ella's Kitchen The Green One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 180 13.1 26.2 7

Innocent Smoothies for Kids Oranges, Mangoes & Pineapples 6 x 180ml 180 13.1 26.2 7

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Peach & Passionfruit 3 x 200ml 200 13.0 26.0 7

Happy Monkey Smoothie Strawberry & Banana 4 x 180ml 180 12.7 25.4 6

Don Simon Disney Princess Strawberry & Raspberry Smoothie 3 x 200ml 200 12.6 25.2 6

Don Simón Don Simon My Little Smoothie Strawberry & Raspberry 3 x 200ml 200 12.6 25.2 6

Happy Monkey Smoothie Orange & Mango 4 x 180ml 180 12.1 24.2 6

Innocent Smoothies for Kids Cherries and Strawberries 4 x 180ml 180 11.5 23.0 6

Ella's Kitchen The Red One Squished Smoothie Fruits 5 x 90g 90 11.5 23.0 6

Tesco Goodness Slurpers Apple & Blackcurrant Fruit Smoothie Snacks 90 11.5 23.0 6

Tesco Goodness Slurpers Tropical Fruit Smoothie Snacks 90 11.5 23.0 6

Lake Distict Frumoo Raspberry & Blueberry 230ml 200 10.7 21.4 5


Raspberries 180ml 180 9.5

19.0 5

The Co-operative Strawberry Smoothie 250 9.4 18.8 5

average 26.0 6

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BMJ Open...Fruit juices are defined as, ‘100% pure juice made from the flesh of fresh fruit or...

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