BME 130 – Genomes Lecture 23 Genome evolution I: Mutations, repair, and recombination.
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Transcript of BME 130 – Genomes Lecture 23 Genome evolution I: Mutations, repair, and recombination.
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BME 130 – Genomes
Lecture 23
Genome evolution I:
Mutations, repair, and recombination
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TransitionsA GC T
TransversionsA CA TC GT G
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When and how do mutations
happen?
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DNA polymerases are not perfect:DNA polIII error rate =~ 1 x 10-7
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Minimizing polymerase error
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Polymerase slippage leads to indels
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Slippage can get progressively worse
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Mutagens and other -agens
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Chemical mutagens
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Figure 16.6a Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
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(nitrous acid)
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Physicalmutagens
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UV radiation
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Abasic site
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Consequences of mutations
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Mutations in gene sequence
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Figure 16.12 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
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Figure 16.13 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
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Figure 16.14 Genomes 3 (© Garland Science 2007)
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DNA repair
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Minor pathway
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Recognizes distortion of DNA
double helix
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Similar concept for eukaryotes;
TFIIH helicase is used;
transcription coupled repair
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Base mismatch: who is right?
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DNA break repair
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SOS!(why only in bacteria?)