Bloom’s Taxonomy vs. Bloom’s Revised Taxonomy

Bloom’s Taxonomy 1956

• Benjamin Bloom, pyschologist• Classified the functions of thought or coming

to know• Cognitive Domain of human learning– (Affective Domain, Psychomotor Domain)

• Bloom’s Taxonomy – classification of the cognitive domain of human learning

• Impact on education – learning and teaching

Bloom’ Revised Taxonomy 2001

• More recent adaptation and redefinition• Former student of Bloom’s, Lorin Anderson

and former Bloom’s former research partner, David Krathwohl

• Five year effort• More practical and applicable in education

Original Terms New Terms

• Evaluation

• Synthesis

• Analysis

• Application

• Comprehension

• Knowledge

•Creating

•Evaluating

•Analyzing

•Applying

•Understanding

•Remembering(Based on Pohl, 2000, Learning to Think, Thinking to Learn, p. 8)

Lower Levels Defined

• REMEMBERING – lowest level– Retrieving, recognizing, and recalling knowledge from

long-term memory.– Meaning is not necessarily present

• UNDERSTANDING – second level – Constructing meaning from oral, written, and graphic

messages through interpreting, exemplifying, classifying, summarizing, inferring, comparing and explaining

• APPLYING – third level

Lower Levels Defined

• REMEMBERING – lowest level• UNDERSTANDING – second level • APPLYING – third level– Carrying out or using learned material through

executing or implementing, often in a new, but concrete situation

• Remember each level incorporates the levels below – in order to correctly “apply”, one must both remember and understand the appropriate content.

Higher Level - Analyzing

• Fourth level• Analyzing – breaking material into constituent

parts, determining how parts relate to one another, an overall structure or purpose and/or similar situations or scenarios.

• Utilizes differentiating, attributing, organizing, and/or distinguishing of patterns

Higher Level - Evaluating

• Fifth level• Evaluating – Making judgments based upon

criteria and standards through checking and critiquing.

• Assessing the value of evidence, theories or material presented

Higher Level - Creating

• Creating – Putting elements together to form a coherent or functional whole; reorganizing elements into a new pattern or structure through generating, planning, or producing

• Emphasis on a quality or highly functional “creation”

• Considered the highest or most complex level, incorporating elements of all levels below

Wilson, Leslie Owen. Leslie Owen Wilson's Curriculum Pages: Beyond Bloom - A new Version of the Cognitive Taxonomy. Web. 2006. 21 Dec 2009. http://www.uwsp.edu/education/lwilson/curric/newtaxonomy.htm

http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Bloom%27s_Taxonomy