BLOOD The River of Life. How Much? 5 - 6 liters in an average size adult.
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Transcript of BLOOD The River of Life. How Much? 5 - 6 liters in an average size adult.
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BLOOD
The River of Life
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How Much? 5 - 6 liters in an average size adult
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COMPONENTS1. Plasma
Liquid portion - made mostly of waterCarries hormones, glucose, & plasma
proteins
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2. Blood Cells• A. Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)
• Don’t have a nucleus• Disc shaped• Red color is due to hemoglobin which
carries oxygen.• Produced by the bone marrow
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B. White Blood Cells (leukocytes) Have a nucleus Produced by bone marrow Attack foreign substances or organisms
Some engulf bacteria Some release chemicals to help fight disease and
resist infection
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• C. Platelets (thrombocytes)• Cell fragments that help with clotting
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BLOOD TYPES
• A - has antigen (protein) A on surface• B - has antigen B on surface• AB - has both antigen A and antigen B• O - has no antigens on surface
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Rh factor
• Rh+ : has the protein• Rh- : does not have the protein
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TRANSFUSIONS
• Transfusion = transfering the blood of another person to an individual
• Blood types must match• Type O: universal donor because can
give to any blood type• Type AB: universal recipient because
can receive blood from any blood type
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Blood Disorders
• Hemophilia – (inherited) lack a protein so the blood does not clot properly
• Anemia – (variety of causes) blood does not carry enough oxygen
• Sickle cell anemia – (inherited) red blood cells shaped like a sickle
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• Leukemia (a blood cancer) bone marrow makes abnormally shaped white blood cells which crowd out normal blood cells
• Hemochromatosis (inherited) too much iron builds up in the body which can damage organs
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Lymphatic System Collects and returns fluid that
leaks from blood vessels
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PARTS• Lymph = fluid
• Lymphatic capillaries: carry lymph back to the superior and inferior vena cava
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• Lymph nodes: act as filters that trap bacteria and other microorganisms
• Spleen: destroys damaged red blood cells and platelets, also helps in phagocytosis of foreign invaders
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Tonsils: trap and destroy bacteria that enter the upper respiratory tract
Thymus: T cells (a kind of white blood cell) mature in
this gland Secretes a hormone that stimulates the body’s
immune system