Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart...
-
Upload
lucy-griffin -
Category
Documents
-
view
212 -
download
0
Transcript of Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart...
![Page 1: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Blood Pressure and Hypertension
![Page 2: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Blood Pressure
Your Blood Pressure Reflects:
1) How hard your heart is working
2) The condition of your arteries
![Page 3: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Cardiac Output x Arterial Resistance
• Cardiac Output = Amount of blood your heart pumps per minute
• Arterial Resistance = Pressure the walls of the arteries exert on the flowing blood
![Page 4: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What regulates your blood pressure?
• Complex interactions among your central nervous system (CNS), hormones, and substances your blood vessels produce from the endothelium
• Endothelium = layer of cells lining the inner wall of blood vessels; produce both vasodilators and vasoconstrictors
![Page 5: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What happens when blood pressure gets too high?
• Nerve cells in your circulatory system tell your autonomic nervous system (ANS)
• ANS – manages involuntary activities of smooth muscles, including those in the intestines, sweat glands, airways, heart and blood vessels
![Page 6: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Autonomic Nervous System
• The ANS is made of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
The SYMPATHETIC nervous system:- Prepares body for action- Triggers release of neurotransmitters
epinephrine and norepinephrine- Raises blood pressure
![Page 7: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Autonomic Nervous System
• The ANS is made of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
The PARASYMPATHETIC nervous system helps the body recover from action
![Page 8: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
How is blood pressure measured?
• Sphygmomanometer – traditional blood pressure measuring device; measures in mm Hg (mercury)
Systolic pressure = top #, amount of pressure during the heart’s pumping phase (systole)
Diastolic pressure = bottom #, amount of pressure during resting phase between heartbeats (diastole)
![Page 9: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Classifications of Hypertension
ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION (Primary hypertension)
- 90-95% of cases
-condition has no identifiable cause
![Page 10: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Classifications of Hypertension
SECONDARY HYPERTENSION – arises from other condition; often treatable
Common causes1) Renal artery stenosis – narrowing of artery that
supplies blood to the kidneys2) Hyperaldosteronism – too much aldosterone, a
hormone made by the adrenal glands that regulates potassium and sodium levels
![Page 11: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Secondary Hypertension
3) Hyperthyroidism – overactive thyroid gland
![Page 12: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
How High is High Blood Pressure?
See your handout for information on:
-Prehypertension
-Stage 1 Hypertension
-Stage 2 Hypertension
![Page 13: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Risk Factors for Hypertension
• Race
• Family history
• Age
• Sex
![Page 14: Blood Pressure and Hypertension. Blood Pressure Your Blood Pressure Reflects: 1)How hard your heart is working 2)The condition of your arteries.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022072006/56649f585503460f94c7d844/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Risk Factors for Hypertension
• Cigarette smoking
• Heavy alcohol consumption
• Diet (too much salt, saturated fat, and calories; not enough fruits and vegetables)
• Obesity and overweight
• Inactivity
• Stress