bleeding.ppt

5/26/2018 bleeding.ppt

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BASICFIRST AID

BLEEDING


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INTRODUCTION

The information provided to you in thefirst aid series is meant to supplement

your training and is to inform you of the

injuries that you may be faced in awilderness situation.

KEEP IN MIND SAFETY FIRST ANDALWAYS BE PLANING FOR THEWORST CASE SCENERIOS.


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BLEEDING

While administering first aid to a casualty who isbleeding, you must remain calm. The sight of blood is

an emotional event for many, and it often appearssevere. However, most bleeding is less severe than it

appears. Most of the major arteries are deep and wellprotected by tissue and bone. Although bleeding canbe fatal, you will usually have enough time to think

and act calmly.


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BLEEDING

There are three classifications of bleeding.1. Capillary- Capillary bleeding is

slow, the blood "oozes"

from the (wound) cut.

2. Venous- Venous bleeding is darkred or maroon, the bloodflows in a steady stream.

3. Arterial- Arterial bleeding is

bright red, the blood"spurts" from the wound.

Arterial bleeding is life threateningand difficult to control.


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BLEEDING

There are three methods to controlbleeding:

1. direct pressure

2. elevation

3. indirect pressure.


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BLEEDING

1. Direct Pressure: Place a sterile dressing or

clean cloth on the wound, tiea knot or adhere tapedirectly over the wound,

only tight enough to controlbleeding. If bleeding is notcontrolled, apply anotherdressing over the first orapply direct pressure with

your hand or fingers overthe wound. Direct pressure

can be applied by thecasualty or a bystander.Under no circumstances isa dressing removed once ithas been applied.


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BLEEDING

2. Elevation: Raising (elevation) of

an injured arm or leg(extremity) above the

level of the heart willhelp control bleeding.Elevation should beused together withdirect pressure.


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BLEEDING

3. Indirect Pressure or Pressure Points: In cases of severe bleeding when direct pressure and

elevation are not controlling the bleeding, indirectpressure must be used. Bleeding from an artery can becontrolled by applying pressure to the appropriate

pressure point. Pressure points are areas of the bodywhere the blood flow can be controlled by pressing theartery against an underlying bone. Pressure is applied withthe fingers, thumb, or heel of the hand.


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BLEEDING

Pressure pointsshould be used withcaution. Indirectpressure can causedamage to theextremity due toinadequate bloodflow. Do not applypressure to the neck(carotid) pressure

points, it can causecardiac arrest.


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BLEEDING

Penetrating Objects DO NOTremove the

object. Stabilize theobject by using bulky

dressing around theobject and secure it inplace.


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BLEEDING

Severed Body Part Control Bleeding

Contact 911

Wrap up body part insterile or clean cloth.

Place in a plastic ziplock bag and place in

cold water.

Wrap in dry sterile orclean bandage or

cloth.

COLD WATER


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BLEEDING

Nose Bleed: Nosebleeds can be caused by an injury, disease, the

environment, high blood pressure, and changes in altitude.They frighten the individual and may bleed enough to cause

shock. If the bleeding is due to a head injury and you suspect a

fractured skull, do not stop the bleeding. Cover the nosewith a loose, dry, sterile dressing and call the localemergency number or medical personnel.


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BLEEDING

If the individual has a nosebleed due to other causes, do thefollowing:

1. Keep the individual quiet, sitting with head tilted forward. 2. Pinch the nose shut (if there is no fracture), place ice or

cold packs to the bridge of the nose, or put pressure on the

upper lip just below the nose. Seek medical assistance if thenosebleed continues, bleeding starts again, or bleeding isbecause of high blood pressure. If the individual losesconsciousness, place them on their side to allow blood to drainfrom the nose and call the local emergency number(911).


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FIRST AID / CPRCLASSES
http://www.lacofd.org/http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=1200000http://www.ashinstitute.com/index.htmhttp://www.ezcpr.com/http://www.redcross.org/home/

bleeding.ppt

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