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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

FLOOR SYSTEMS

( Ref: Building Construction Illustrated, Francis DK Ching)

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Floor systems

~ Horizontal planes of the construction that must support both live loads and dead loadsand dead loads.

~ It transfer their loads horizontally across space to either beams and columns or to loadbearing walls.

~ May be composed of series of linear beams and joist overlaid with a plane of sheathing or decking.

~ The depth is directly related to the size and proportion of the structural

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The depth is directly related to the size and proportion of the structural bays it must span and the strength of the material used.

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

~ Except for exterior floor decks, floor systems are not normally exposed to weather

Floor systems

to weather.

~ Because they all must support traffic, durable, resistance to wear, and maintenance requirements are factors to consider in the selection of a floor finish and the system required to support it.

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Floor systems

~ Comparative floor systems:-

C t i l / t i it* Concrete Floor Slabs

* Steel Floor Decking

* Wood Floor Planks

Cast-in-place / cast-in-situ

Precast concrete slab

Metal decking

Plywood / wood decking

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* Wood Floor PlanksTimber planks

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

One way slab

~ uniformly thick

~ reinforced in one direction

~ cast integrated with parallel supporting beams

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

One-way joist slab

~ also known as ribbed slab

~ cast interestedly with series of closely spaced joists or parallel set of beams

~ suitable for longer spans and heavier loads than one way

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heavier loads than one-way slab

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

Two-way slab and beam

~ uniformed thickness

~ reinforced in two directions

~ cast integrally with supporting beams and columns on all four sides

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~ effective for medium spans and heavy loads

~ high resistance to lateral forces

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

Two-way waffle slab

~ two way concrete slab reinforced by ribs in two direction

~ able to carry heavier loads

~ span longer distance

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

Two-way flat plate

~ uniformed thickness

~ reinforced in two or more directions

~ supported directly by columns without beams or girders

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~ lower floor to floor heights

~ flexible in column placement

~ practical for apartment or hotel construction

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete floor systems

Two-way flat slab

~ flat plate thickened at its column supports

~ intend to increase its shear strength and moment resisting capacity

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Precast concrete floor systems

~ are one way spanning units

~ supported by site-cast concrete, or precast concrete, or masonry bearing walls etc.

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Concrete Formwork & Shoring

Knee Bracing

Braced T-and-L- heads

Knee Bracing

KickerLedger

Blocking

Metal or wood joist

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Bracing

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

~ Solid Flat Slab

Precast concrete units

~ Hollow Core Slab

~ Single Tees

~ Double Tees

~ Rectangular Beams

~ L-Shape Beam

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L Shape Beam

~ Inverted Tee Beam

~ Girders

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Precast concrete connection

Synthetic rubber bearing pad

Steel angle welded to steel plates cast into beam and column

Reinforced site-cast concrete topping (SCREEDING)

Synthetic rubber bearing pad

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Precast Beams

g p

Precast Structural Tees

g p