BLAC K school ch ild ren around the country have boy­cotted classes this year for various reasons, sometimes educational but often politi­cal. Politicised by events in the turbulent townships, they have stayed away in their tens of thousands and many will face an uphill struggle to pass the end of year exams — if they sit them at all. writes PETER WALLINGTON.

APART from the possibility of a high-failure rate in many areas, the boycotts, and the general conditions in the townships, are having tragic consequences.

Soweto Civic Association chair­man Dr Nthato Motlana says the townships are breeding anarchy.

"We are seeing a new generation who are not interested in their inferi­or education but only anarchy. They are growing up with teargas, guns and hippos', and they have no fear."

The boycotts, whether to protest the transfer of a teacher or to show solidarity with detained leaders, have spread throughout the country, hitting the eastern Cape and Trans­vaal the hardest.

According to the Department of Education and Training. 175 schools were empty last Friday and 50

I others had less than 80% attendance. I And. says spokesman Edgar Posselt. ! that's an improvement on earlier at- I tendances.

Earlier this month 240 schools

Black pupils interested in ‘anarchy not education’were “out". Although Posselt says it is impossible to put a number on how many pupils are boycotting classes, Minister Gerrit Viljoen told parlia­ment earlier this year that 33 000 pupils were boycotting classes, 31 schools were effected.

On that basis more than 100.000 pupils were probably not at school fast week, most in the Cape. Of the 175 empty schools last week, 105 were in that region.

There are many reasons for the boycotts. On the purely educational side, says PFP MP ken Andrew, there is dissatisfaction over the high m a tr ic fa ilu re r a te , c o rp o ra l punishment, the concept of separate education and the dispute over the composition of SRCs.

Then months and months of civil strife, and latterly the state of emer­gency, have taken their toll: hun­dreds of people have died and more than a thousand detained without tri­al. People have gone “missing”. Some have been found dead.

“All this has had a very unsettling effect on school children and uni­versity students. They have been deeply affected, physically and emotionally, and feel the need to identify with those who have suf­fered,” says Andrew.

• MOTLANA . . . H you canfin* p*opt* to ghetto*, you b*M d b « H »

As an example be cites the recent stayaway at the University of the Western Cape. "The students felt they could not go along in relative comfort while other* were making sacrifices. They felt the need to iden­

tify with those who are suffering."Andrew points out that the

younger generation, on avarage, are better educated than their parents, although they still lag behind whites. “This ts one of the factors that has led to the children taking the lead in a number of issues, and why parents are willing to follow.”

Andrew says the children say to their parents: “You have tried your methods for 50 years, and where has it got you?”

The parents, taken by surprise by the student revolt in 1976, organised themselves and today are “with” their children. Past member of the Parents Committee, Sipho Sepalma, explains: “From our point of view the children's education became very much our concern. We could not see our children fighting battles on their own. In 1976 parents only be­came involved after the outbreak of violence. This time we wanted to show the authorities that we identify with the stand our children had tak­en."

Sepalma said black pupils ques­tioned the dtecrepancy between the per capita expenditure an a white child compared to a black child.

Sepalma says meetings with Vil­joen nave not borne fruit But Posselt

PupOs taka up a wide rangeef issues, and the boycotts reflect the trooblad state of tto towufelpa. Says Motlana: “If you confine people to ghettoa, and you deal allow npward mobility, you braed beasts."

Motlana says that in otter poor societies education was seen as a way out of the misery. But be points out that the Group Area* Act ensures black children are denied this option. “And Bantu education does not edu­cate, it leaves the children in ignor­ance. The children reject this sys­tem, they say it produces sell-outs and morons, and want no part of it"

He says children are now saying: “Don’t go to school, and don’t go to convents or private schools — let’s all suffer together and bold out for the explosion that will bring liber­ation”

Indeed this week classes at the Immaculata High School in Diep- kloof, Soweto, were suspended be­cause of threats to staff and nupiis.

Posselt says Intimidation is un- doubtably a major factor, alons with conditions la the townships. He be­lieve* the vast majority of pupils want to attend school, but often stay away because they are threatened

Andrew concedes there has been bat Insists It is definite­

ly not the main cause.

Boycotttaking

6 T\ SEP 885heavy tollBy Amrit Manga THE consumer boycott In the Eastern Cape is entering its seventh week and showing no signs of easing its grip on white retaflen.

A- itlve cl a largere- u tlsatlon describes

ooycott impart to the >.:m ra Cape a» dramatic. He estimate* tiie drop ia tales in Port Elizabeths North End shoge at 40%. Uitenhage and East London have not been spared, sales tailing by >0% to 40%.

“We have not yet felt U>e boycott in the Pretoria-Jo

•g area. But ott Cape outlets are

feeling the effects as boycott amsersi

Boycott likely to h iU r

tomorrow

vmI

hannesburg area. But our Western Cafeeling the el------------ - -oreamsers spread their net to Include all black communi­ties.’

East RandTrade-nnlon survey*

among its members indicate a drop In business of between 40% to 60% on the East Raad, a Federation of SA Trade Unions (Foaatu) stronghold.

Retailer* refuse to quanti­fy tb» impact of the boycott, bi*' Mjte the union'* fig-

sustained, but *ay* it baa maintained IU momentum In the Eastern Cape.

He will not quantify the Impact ol the boycott oa white retailor*.

Toey Gilson, chairman of the Port Elizabeth Chamber of Commerce. *ay* the boy­cott cootlnaes, but there are signs of a return to dty •tore*.

“Consumer* are, however, pot taking immediate deliv­ery of goods. The return is not significant and Is not an indication that the boycott is at itt end.

Weapon-There has to be a thresh

old beyond which consumers will not be able to continue their boycott"

Labour consultant Andrew Levy say* boycott* have great potential a* a *hock weapon in the short term. But it i* doubtful whether they can be employed with aqua! import for a long tune.

Some ergaatoer* agree, and *ay they b^wao enforce an awefimt* boycott. Accortlai to eae maree, boy- cetTergMtoere are debating a MODOsal to attract a com-

i reas with many bargain Itofes have been worst af­fected. The Eastern Capo Traders Association (ECTA1 representing abort 100 retail­ers in Korsten. Port EUra- beth, report* a B% drop in turnover.

The ECTA says: “Custom­er prom* in the discount shopping areas ha* tra(Ution- ally been almost 100% black,

laklng It the most vulner­able of aU area*.

I “Many of u* are on the I brink of insolvency.

“Wholesaler* are sitUngta

K S s i a K S r a r, sale trade supplying black , retailers."

Price cutsI The BCTAeay* price «**

to iure coaaumer* back mean disaster, “furniture stores ha vo ottered bene dtoeounU. but have lallodTe break the

* boycott."Pick *a PajT* Hagh

m u aays there t* no tetttmc . bow l e i the boycott can bo

nJuwentfrem reaaiier* »up- g r tM poUtlenl S a y b - Chambers of commerce In several areso have indicated support lor *ome of the do-

One w**teretaflsr in North M te » l« b e la |p a w n h o d by Mack customers “because he kM made a itaad”, aays

By SHAUN HARRIS THE NATIONAL con­

su m e r b o y c o tt of w h ite -o w n ed busi­nesses ii expected to hit towns in southern Natal tomorrow.

D urban and su rround ing area* are the latest target for the boycott, called by trade unions and commun­ity organisations.

The president of the Durban Metropolitan Chamber of C om m erce , M r B ruce Forssman. said he was concerned about the boy­cott. “because any call which obstructs free trade is contrary to the ethics of the com m ercial m ove­ment".

Indian businessm en have been caught in the middle. While the boycott is not aim ed at Indian-owned businesses, many of their shops will be affected.

The Inyanda Chamber of Commerce, representing black business in Durban, supports the principle of the boycott, but a spokes­man said it had reserva­tions about the timing.

The Federation of South Afri­can Trade Unions' educa­tion secretary, Mr Alec Ir­win, said the boycott was called to demand the lift­ing of the state of em er­gency. the withdrawal of police and troops from townships, the freeing of a lt d e ta in e e s and the granting of full political righta for all.

Ruled outBoyeotten are demanding I

the release at Mack loader*, «o wtteh tbe Government la ^Bkrtytoafm-Sotkeboy-l cottcould ceottaao tor longer 1

t o demand effectively reto out tbs possibility of aa end toK ‘bore** on September

Union-inspired are seen aa only the — stag ol ln*Mtrlal action ro­uted to labour diapetaa-

Alac Erwtn, national edu­cation secretary ot the Fed­eration af SA Trade Unions, aays that U boycotts toll to achieve tbelr objectives, workers will resort to stron- gsr action.

llanke teenboikot vir ’n dagVan On* Korrrspondent\PSTAD. - Blankc sake-on- icmings op Colesberg hei on- :s 'n dag lank geweier om ,e ware aan gckleurdes te vcr- 3 uit vergelding vir twartmen- e verbruikcreboikot.>il is gister deur die waarne- ide btirgcmeesier, mev. Ste­rne van den Berg, bevestig. Sy gese sy it nie ten gunsle van slap nie. maar begryp “dat

r ) “ ' QPC*mile wou wys die blankes kan Wig as Jit-Mwr!

n Pamtlet. die Afrikaansc Sakekamer in \hosa cn Engels opgetiel het. is verlede Saterdag by blankc take-ondernemings uit* gedcel waarin swartmense gevra is om hul boikot te staak en op- swepers "uit te le*er”.

Die boikot van blankc ondctne* tnings is so sukscsvol dat een winkcl al moes tluit en mecr sal

Mnr. J. de Ruiter, voorsitter van die Sakekamer. wou gister nie met Beeld oor die voorval praai nie Hy het gese hy weet me of die sakemanne se teenboikot nog voortduur nie.

Op die vraag of die Sakekamer hom oor die boikottery uitge* spreek het. het hy gese “die Sake-maar begryp “dat winkel al moes sluit en meer sal spree* net. nei ay — • ---------

ikoopsakke sonder name te&nt>oikot

kamer is nie *n politicke liggaamnie“.

Mnr. George Heunis. n lid van die Sakekamer en apteker op die dorp, het gese daar was heelpany voorvallc op die dorp »at tot die sakemanne se vergelding gclci het. ’n Bakkic is in die swart woonbtiart aan die brand gestcek. 'n bejaarde vrou is aangerand cn sake-ondernemings is ctlike wekegeboikot.

JOHANNESBURG — Kettingwinkels in die Kaapse Skierciland it besig om hul kenmer- kende inkopiesakke te verander sodat die naam

an die winkel nie op die ak vcrtoon word nie.*n Woordvoeider van

die UDF bet gesi dit» 'a poguig van die wit sake- sektor om mense aan te spoor om nie die alge- mcne vcrbniikcrsboikot teen wit ondcmemings te ondenteun nie.

Die UDF t i die boikot in die Kaap it goed aan die opdmef kom. Hul or- ganitasie is verbeter en* danks die feit dal die

Beperkte sukses vir UDFmceste van hui wtvoe- rende rnad in aanhowdingis of vir die poiisie weg- kruip.

*n Tmaentydse uitvoe- rende read vir die Kaapte streek it gister verkiet.

Die woordvoerdcr i t die meMe van die Idemwinkcliers in die swart woonbui.ne sal met hulle saamwerk Hulle het reeds oorccngekom om die pryse van noodsaak- like gocdere te vertaag. Kleurlinge, Indian en swart mense neem deel.

..Daar is (icnuci! klcin

winkehjies om die boikot vo< te hou." het hy gc**.

Intussen word *n stebel uitgewerk waarvolgens die sukset van die boikot akkuraat bepaal kan

In Johannesburg st ket­tingwinkels dal hulle nie ‘n verandering in inkopie- pat rone opfemerk hetnie.

Inwonen van Soweto het egter aan DIE VA- DERLAND gc*i hulle word daagliks deur groepc jeugdige* by spoorwegstasies en bus- haltes voorgekeer. Die

jeugdige* sock Mtlle sakke vir knwdenier* ware, wat by wit ondeme* mings gekoop is. deur. f Die boikot in Pretoria toon sporadic* beperkte *ukset, maar ..inks om oor hekommerd te wees nie", s i ecu woordvoer- der. ,

• DIE VADER- LAND se veteenwoor- diger in Oo*-K«ap* land berig dat die boikot daar steeds emstig is. Die boikot is egter nie ten voi­le suksesvol nie. Baie swart mense koop steeds by wit winkelier*.

C ’ uiicilior's house uttnckcd. *ife and daughter escape

c o -no- 1985 __•__ « ran tA look3 9 -09*rhe house o! a Diepmea- low town councillor, Mr Ambrose Pitso, was s t­acked with petrol bombs ind stooes at the week­end and his wile and II* month-old daughter had a narrow escape as they [led past attackers in the yard.

The entire ground floor of the double-storeyed boose and the outtmild* incs were extensively da* n iged . Two BMW ears were burnt out.

This is the third time

the house in the township near Soweto has been at­tached. The previous at­tach was on August 18 when stones were thrown at the house.

Yesterday morning. Mrs Mamogate Mary Pitso estimated the dam­age at R700000. Almost everything on the ground floor was damaged, in­cluding furniture, cur­tains and carpets.

Mrs Pitso said the at­tach started i t 7-30 pm on

Saturday when a group of youths, and adults, threw stones at her house.

•I was on the top floor with my daughter when the stoning began. •

“A petrol bomb explod­ed against the wall and the house caught fire. A policeman fired one shot, but then his firearm jammed.

“I picked up my daugh­ter and fled the boose. 1passed some of the at* lackers who were al* ready in the yard as I

ran to look for assis­tance.” she said.

Mrs Pitso said she beard some of the people saying the family should be killed.

Mrs Pitso has vowed not to move from her bouse, hot said she will ask for protection from the police and the coun­cil.

Her husbaa

attach.

u

■ i& fH IM

A/Otste i

begrafnisse

/ j e t Polisie.. \ep 2 watf f iM 885 diensPuy ie^staan

***51fc, ! ■

JOHANNESBURG — Vicr mense is na 'n be­grafnis dood en die polisie ondcrsock die moord tan n su art man u at aan die

brand gestcek h . na on- lu>ie die naweck by ver- skeie plekke in die land vixweckooi hel.

H> die bfgrafrm van m a- mcnsc in Gugulciu. iwhy Kaapstad — wal dood is na onlustc in die Kaapsc Skicreitand — is twee swartmans dood na die polisie oproeriges met traanruok. nibbetkocib en haclgewcre uitcenge- jaag hel. Twee ander mans Is dood na but ka- mers in enkdkwartiere aan die brand gestcek is.

Die begrafnis is dear sow at 20 000 mcnsc byge- woon. waar die ANC vtag vertoon en liedjies ter ere van Nelson Mandela en L'mkhonto We Siswe — die militerc vleuel vm die ANC — gesinc is.

Die polisie het dcur- jiaans 'n lae profiel gehou naar geweld het tosge-

bars na hulle met petrol- bomme en klippe bcstook b .

In Zwidc in die Oos- Kaap ondcrsoek die poli­sie die moord van 'n swartman wie se ver* brande lyk gevind is.

Di4 woonbuurt is steeds sonder krag na 'n substawe en *n rioolpomp erf beskadig is deur *a pe- troibotn. Dit is die tiende substasie wat met petrol- bomme aangeval is.

In Queenstown i* n swart polisieman beseer na sy voertuig met n pe- trolbora gegooi is.

Brandstigten bet *n skool in New Brighton en Seboville. naby Kroon- stad. beskadig.

In Soweto is dric busse gesteel en in die mure van gebouc vasgejaag. Phin- dery het by 'n biersaal

voorgekom en die polisie het *n swartman in hegte- nis gcneem.

KAAPSTAD — Drie lede van die Bcein- dig Oiensplig-vcldtog is vanoggend deur die Veiligheidspolisie in Kaapstad en D ur­ban in hegtenis gcneem . volgens 'n woord- vocrder van die beweging.

Mnr. Michael Evans, die Kaapstadse voorsitter van die Bceindig Diensplig- vcldtog is vanoggend net na agtuur by sy huis in Observatory in hegtenis geneem.

In Durban is twee vrouelede van die

beweging. Anita Krombcrg en Sue Brit- lion, ook vanoggend in hegtenis geneem nadat die polisie die huise van mnr. Rich­ard Steele en mej. Jaques Bouille besoek het.

Volgens 'n woordvoerder van die orga- nisasie het die veiligheidspolisie vanog­gend net na drieuur van die lede in Johan­nesburg se huise besoek. maar niemand is in hegtenis geneem nie. — Sapa.

Nog twee sterf na b afcifnis

KAAPSTAD — Nog twee mense is die naweck in Guguletu dood. nadat geweld by 'n begrafnis van nege mense losgebars het.

Sowat 13 000 mense hel die massa-begrafnis van die nege mcnsc wat in oa- hnte in die Kaapse Skier- eiland dood it, in die Gu- guletu-stadion bygewoon, co duisende meer het by die begrafnisstoet na die begraafplaas aangcsluit.

■ Die polisie het tydens die begrafnis ‘n lae propel gehou. behalwe vir n helikoptcr wat *n waken-

de oog oor die begrafnis- gangers gehou het.

Die ANC-vlag is ver- toon en liedjies ter ere van Nelson Mandela en Umkhoto We Siswe —die militate vleuel van die ANC — is tydens die be­grafnis gesing.

Geweld bet ni die be­grafnis losgebars toe bc- grafnisgangers petrol- bomme en klippe na die polisie gegooi het.

Die polisie het van traanrook. rubberkoeels en haclgewcre gebniik gemaak 0111 grncpe uilme-

kaar te jaag nadat pad- blokkades aan die brand gestcek is.

Alle ingange na Gugu­letu is Saterdagoggcnd loegemaak en *b groot groep veihgheidsmagte het die ingange bewaak.

In die Oos-Kaap was groot dele van die Zwidc- woonbuurt naby Port Eli­zabeth nog tondcr krag nadat '• substasie en *n rioolpomp erg beskadig is deur ’n pctrolbom.

Die bring die aaatal substasies wal met petrol-' bomme aangeval is op tien te staan. — Sapa. ! *

VUM ICIUbllWUUIUI^ itlbVi mj *vrv/ v/vu

werkcrs van verskillcnde vakbonde.Die uiivoerende direkteur van die So-

we rose Kamer van Koophandel, mnr. M.D. Mailoane, si die kamer ondersteun nie die vcrbruikersboikot nie.

mrgcung (<in unucicn.Die boikotkomitee eis die opheffing van

die ncr 4\aKtand, die onurekking van alle veilig!. «0tigte uii die woonbuune en die vrylating van atle polilieke gcvan- genes.

Business rethinkas

. j ,- / 1 By Amrit MangaCONSUMER boycotts, which continue in parts of the Eastern and Western Cape, have forced a rethink on re­tail strategy.

A Port Elizabeth business consultant, who does not wish to b* named, says: "Affected retailer* will have to plan new business strategies to cope with lower turnovers by altering their customer pro­files.

Included in our talks with businesses has been the possi­bility of dropping prices after the boycott to stimulate sales and attract different target groups.

CBD opening"Retailers la the CBD will

have to reduce stocks and plan how to deal with trading patterns that have been al­tered by the boycott"

The boycott has not only affected turnover but has

* practical difficulties

SE? 1985Tor opening up Port Eliza­beth's CBD to all races. Black retailers may be unwilling to trade in the former white CBD for fear of boycotts by blacks.

The Eastern Cape boycott, which enters its eighth and intended final week, shows no signs of ending. A spokesman for the boycott committee says the authorities have pro­vided no reason to call it off.

Several trade unions have decided to spread the boycott net to include black retail stores owned by township councillors.

The National African Fed­erated Chamber of Com­merce, which has township councillors Among its mem­bers, is in an invidious posi­tion after having sympath­ised with consumers in their boycott action.

Real targetNafcoc says it stopped

short of supporting the boy­cott although it praised black consumers “for at last having identified the real target —

the white businessman**.Nafcoc claims to represent

10000 businessmen who con­trol most of the estimated 30 0m retail outlets in SA's black areas.

How many of these are owned by town councillors is anyone’s guess. Some esti­mates indicate that at least 40% of the 30 000 retailers are either completely or partly owned by councillors.

Price increases of up to 40% in township shops pose a serious problem for boycott organisers who say they w,!i continue their ban on buying from white shops into 1986.

Boycott committees have drawn up price lists, indicat­ing to black shops what they should charge.

Supplies cutA Nafcoc spokesman: "If

the boycotts last a long time, it will be increasingly diffi­cult for our members to sup­ply customers with all they require.

‘ Many township retailers are being forced to close be­cause of lack of supplies. Un­rest makes wholesalers un­willing to risk their vehiclesIn black irpAt *

The Howick boycott, which started off in support of 'worker demands a t BTR- S a rm co l, has sp re a d to Maritzburg. Pinetown and Hammarsdale.

A Metal and Allied Work­ers Union spokesman says the boycott is in support of wider demands and not only the BTR-Sarmcol dispute.

Ladysmith, Newcastle and Empangcni are likely new targets in the Federation of SA Trade Unions* plan to in­clude the whole of Natal in its boycott.

UDF betrek nou swartfaadslede by koop-boikot

Neels Blom JOHANNESBURG — Die swart ver- bruikersboikot het 'n nuwe wending ge- neem toe lede van die UDF en vakbond- leiers die naweek op 'n geheime vergade- ring besluit het ora swart stadsraadslede se ondernemings by die verbruikersoptrede in te sluit.

Die hoofsckretaris van die Council of Unions of South Africa (Cusa), mnr. Pe­ter Camay, het aan DIE VADERLAND gese die verbruikersboikot is teen die stet- sel gemik en nie net teen wit sakeonder- nemings nie.

,,Ons hou ons nic met politick besig me. Die kamer se standpunt is dat die handcl oor alle strata van die samelewing strek.

,,Die kamer sal wel 'n koop-swart-veld- tog onderstcun, maar ons glo nie ‘n ver­bruikersboikot sal swart ondernemings sti- muleer nie.

,,As ons almal wit sakcondernemings boikot. sal niemand met die groothandc- laars, ; ' 'w it ondernemings, kan sake doen o >rrade te koop nie,” het mnr. Mailc » s i .

'n itai woordvoerder van die UDF het verli„. je rk die hoiknt se klem

.ri black teacher’s, , A 8 -09-4985life is now one c f hazard

B ^ u s a ^ ^ m l n ^ S d M ^ t o ^ ^ p o r t e r

The mounting unrest and iacreasing cla ss boy* co**«s have m ade life difficult — aad som etim es* —ons — (or teachers at black schools.

'her at a secondary school is Soweto, who recently gained a high degree in education from a university (we will call him “Mr Kaiser"), described what is going on in black schools as “nerve-racking and frustrating".

"We don’t know whether w* are coming or goiiig. The trouble has been going on for too long," he said.

Many of the teachers in Soweto are in fear of their lives. On September 3 the homes of two teachers 'at Madibaae High School were attacked.

They were believed to be the first on a "hit list" said to have been drawn up by pupils after some pf them had been punished at the school.

"It is sometimes life-threatening to be a teacher,** said “Mr Kaiser".

"If you are seen as working with the system, ypu can have your house burnt, and if the police believe you may be working with the children, then you rfck detention."

EJMUKMOUS d il e m m a •

Teachers do not know which way to turn. Tfcey have to satisfy the demands of the pupils, parents, the education authorities and the police — at the same time.

“Teachers are faced with an enormous dilemma.If pupils fee! teachers are not playing their game, then the teachers’ lives are threatened On the other hand, the police often feel teachers Influence thepupils.

•Then, parents feel the teachers should be the sav­iour of their children, while the authorities demafad that the teachers be loyal to them.”

Teachers have to make difficult decisions for their pupils. For example, many teachers have recom­mended that children should not wear uniforms or carry books to school.

“If you tell them to wear uniforms, they will be victimised by the children who are boycotting, and if they do not wear uniforms they will be picked up and arrested by the police, who will think they are boycotting. We have told our children that wearing a uniform is optional."

Though upset and frustrated by what is going on in the schools, “Mr Kaiser" said he would carry on and do his best — and hope that one day the situa­tion will return to normal.

DROPPING MORALE

After the 1976 riots, hundreds of teachers resigned either because of pressure from the pupils or Jn sympathy with what had happened to the pupils. Mr Kaiser” was one who resigned, but be said it was un­likely the same situation would occur this year.

“To my knowledge, teachers are not resigning." be said. But though they are staying, morale is low.

“It is very demoralising when you go to school and find there are no pupils — and know it willbe the same the next day. ______ ’

“It is frustrating to have aa empty classroom, out you keep going back and hope the situation will nor­malise.”

There was no one solution to the problems in the schools. “If we want to normalise education, then we must create a society which is based oa equality, emphasised “Mr Kaiser". •

The pupils demands — such as democratically- elected SRCs and aa end to corporal punishment — would have to be met. he said There w ouldabo have to be a largo input of qualified aad efficient teachers.

"Many people tell mo that with my qualifications I should leave the school. But I believe that my duty lies with solving the problems, not taking aa escape route to lecture at a university. That would solvenothing." _____________

a. i U J w«v«

Soweto’s children:---------------------------- . -5 0 ja SEP WB

)urning up witn hate\ ______________ ■ in v rn tm cillo r

m r .g som e Sow eto children e determined to bring about (litical chance in the country any cost, other* are not in

vour of boycotts and resent # disruption of their studies. Those intent oa bringing a boat

change are fully commit* d — even to violence.Tebogo (17), of Diepkloof. a Form

talks forcefully, a scowl I n f* on his face. While not a

any organisation he is a me er in noting and tough leasores to discipline those “who re retarding the progress of the

q S U n and police informers eserve to be burned alive. Those rbo defy calls for consumer boy- «tts of white businesses must be aught a lesson.” he said.

“Anybody who is spotted earni­ng a parcel bearing a mark of a aty shop and if there happens to be i bottle of household cleaner in his jarceL he or she must be stopped md forced to drink it until he vom-ts. Even it is a five litre can of Noting oil she must still be forced :o drii& it all." he said.

ri and my comrades have done chat a number of times. We have made them eat their meat parcels raw. They eat it, drink detergent ■nd eat au the raw vegetables they have bought in town. They eat untu thr 1— thing in the parcel.

v, ther side there are others who' t favour school boycotts and are against participating ta riot activities. A number plained that often they did not evea know why classes were being Iboy­cotted as these issues w « U S explained by those claiming to be

*ent leaders".want to go back to school.Cosas (members of the now*

tinned Congress of SA Students. Cosas) say we must boycott c t t j w . Why? I want to go back to school a no (tody until I am a doctor and build my mother a blghousa. said Pinkie (U). a Standard » pupiL

AS IN 1978, the children of theblack townships are ptolyina o critical vole in the unrest, kind o f peoplenre their views on the troubles. This report by S1PH0 NGCOBO, who spent a week finding out. makes chilling reading.

our parents because they toil for the money they finance our educa­tion with. However, that does mean I am not aware of the problems,

large number believe hurling a brick, half-brick or a stone at a delivery vehicle from the neigh­bouring city of Johannesburg is one way of forcing change. Theyalso believe P W Botha will be forced to release Mandela if the school boy­cotts, looting and burning continue.

These people also have no re­spect for their parents who they feel are still too apologetic “in spite of the sufferings in the townships .

“All they will say is how mad, how defiant, how stupid, how un­ruly we are to stay away from schools, to burn, loot and stone

Puppets! Any councillor needs a necklace (burning tyre) around his neck,** said VusL

Vusi (18), a Form * student, does not belong to any of the student organisations, but regards council­lors, policemen, police informers and members of the army as his arch-enemies.

He is one of the 7<6 Soweto High School students who were recently rounded up by members of the SADF under the emergency regula­tions. Vusi and the others spent a night at the new Johannesburg Prison in Diepkloof.

“We were arrested for absolutely nothing. What strikes me is that police and army do not want to see us wandering about in the streets, neither do they want us to boycott classes.

“One really can never know what to do to satisfy them. We have be­come targets. They shoot, arrest and harrass us whenever its suits them," said Vusi.

Though Vusi did not know exact­ly what local government work en­tails, he felt buck councillors wereschools, 10 Burn, iwi —-----

say* we* are* u ^ d e S in g ^ il? a u * - “^They are spoiledby asprinWng .. r .. . - KMvar ^ our parents who back them mor­

ally. After all they are of the same

Patrick of White City, father works as a general labourer for a newspaper company, said that the type of education be is receiving is inferior but: Sin- gayinvova (we can stay out of school, but we will be the ones who suffer la the end.

-Some of these things are not even properly explained!* us. We S T sQ ytoW toboycrti classes without any explanation These leaders take us for granted.

“I aiao think we should respect

say -----thority by doing things they never taught us to do when bringing us up, said Gary (19). of White City.

tJsry, a matric student and for­mer member of Cosas, reluctantly admitted that he had stoned deliv­ery vehicles and had been involved ia initiating boycotts at his school

“You might not approve of what I have just told you. But what can o m do under the circumstances? How does one get rid of Bantu Edu­cation? I have been at school for over ten years but 1 am stil not sure if I can construct an English sen­tence correctly.

As our conversation progressed Gary became more open, with M Mg w i l out-bursts in his broken

^ ^ r * Sipho, conditions and de­privations at schools are not so much of an issue. We want freedom and this will bring all the sufferingstO A flop.

"I am not an Intellectual nor am I too educated to interpret certainI too educates to i n i a w political terras and what apartheid means. But no one can explain better than I the sufferings I havegone through as a child.

Just then six of Gar^s joined us I had Just asked about black councillors and township local government authorities*

“Wow S ' They all exclaimed. “Councillors! They are sell-outs!

generation. A generation of apolo­gists and failures. Our parents want us to be lawyers, doctors, teachers and members of other nrofessions.P “Can you make a good lawyer with the type of education we re­ceive? How can you argue and de­fend your client in a court of law with education like ours?

“Our parents will never act. They Just criticise! Criticise us! That is not relevant as far as we are concerned. They fall to realise that wo have an alternative, a solu- tion to our problems that will still be facing us in years to come. They would try to explain how much they love us. That Is not good

“Sti/ayinyova (we shall des-

* ■ *A number of children I ap>

proached after the conversation with Vusi said they supported calls for class boycotts and most did not hide their hatred for the police and

arrSe struggle must continue. Ban- ta Education must crumble, Man­dela must be released and total freedom achieved.

SIYAYINYOVA - that’s what the children of Soweto believe.

Yn the townships, parents oBisA 19-year-old black girl on her way to a private sec retarial college was grabbed by five ‘‘comrade*’’ — young political activists — in central Johannesburg yesterday and taken to a “re-education centre" in acity hotel.

th e “kidnappers” waylaid the young woman at the en tran ce to the college and took her to the secret rendezvous, where several other “comrades” werewaiting.

Before managing to sneak out she was lectured on v. y black schools were being boycotted and why t ' ry black person needed to make sacrifices for the st aggie, she later told her parents.

Communal interests must take precedence above *v e of individuals and every black person should

sacrifices for the benefit of the whole cotntnu- was told at the secret meeting.■ girl’s parents are faced with the dilem-

.1 whither to listen to the "comrades” or to defy n “at our own peril”.

Her mother admits that she does not know what to do. as do many others faced with sim ilar choices.

“As much as I understand the problems facing the black community, I find it difficult and extremely painful to accept that my child will have to face the future without an education.” she said.

Since civil unrest started sweeping black townships more than a year ago, incident? of “re-education” — ranging from the burning of ‘sell-oots” and their property to intimidation of scabs — have grown.• At least tw ice a week w orkers are forced to walk long distances from the outskirts of townships because bns drivers refuse to enter the townships.• Buses and taxis are ransacked and consumer boy­cott breakers punished, often nithlessly.• Children continue to boycott schools and have threatened to stay away next year to commem- morale the 10th anniversary of the 1976 uprisings.• It is the children who have taken over the running of political funerals and often persnade unwilling

parents to attend them.• At the funerals, the cre4e checked by the children and cannot do. A number of pbotc films seized and exposed by c• Unwilling businesspeople a financial contributions to tb the request of the children. T! without complaining when ca

In a tetter to a Sunday ne identified herself only as ' pressed more anger.

“I am a peace-lover and happening now that make me am told I must not buy from funerals. I do not use buses as

"Widowed Mother” probabi felt by others, who dare not ct

Have the parents indeed los and the township situatb»*

' f t -

als of tbe Press are admits that she has lost control, but finds it d ifficu lt em in en t tha t has cost us ou r children’s respect,d what they can and to condemn tbe children without reservations. "We have constan tly forced our child ren to go backipbers have bad tbeir Last weekend Soweto parents and pupils decided to school, w ith the p rom ise th a t things would improveiren. to form a crisis committee to negotiate with the Gov- but this has not happened. The ch ild ren have no faitbknown to have made eminent for tbe withdrawal of troops from the town- >n us any m ore.">ereaved families a t ships and tbe deferral of school examinations. A social worker, who is also a parent, said shepat op tbeir shatter* This was a second attem pt to bold the meeting. A w s filled w ith feelings of ambivalence, fe a r and tin-

I upon to do so. previous meeting was banned and tbe organisers certa in ty .paper, a woman who were detained but la te r re leased without being “I find it difficult to condone anarchy; at the samedowed Mother” ex* charged. time I cannot accept the protection of soldiers capa-

After the meeting, parents said they wanted their ble shooting dead a helpless four-year-old child.";re are many things children back at school, but tbe ex ten t to which they s h e said it w as ironic th a t the p a re n ts ' seem ingly:k. In the townships I succeeded would depend on the attitude of tbe au tb- sol t approach to the po litical p rob lem s was for tbev , that I m a t attend orities. sake of th e ir children . And the ch ild ren had adopted aey are attacked.” It was the Government’s attitude to the Soweto Cri* hard line for the sake o f th e ir pa ren ts ,ommed up tbe anger sis Committee’s intervention which would e i th e r The question m ost p a ren ts w ere asking now was:t out Id the open. strengthen or destroy what little confidence tb e “ Will the G o v e rn m en t a llow us to reg a in the lost

Bus stoning in Kew ends inA m u was killed and k woman critic­ally Injured when tbtir car was in­volved te a collision With a Putco bus which Went oat of control when it was stoned by a mob is the Johannesburg suburb of Kew last night.

Several passengers oa a bus follow­ing were injured by flying glass.

Oae of the passengers, Mrs Talitha Seopcla, who was return lag from a church service in Alexandra township, told The Star that the bus was am*

1 by a group of youths hurling

'Almost all the windows were out aad many people were cut.

"Then the bus in front of us went out of control and crashed into a white car coming from the opposite direc­tion. The car went right underneath the bus . . . only the back seat was sticking out,” she said.

“ I fe lt so sorry for this couple. Maybe they were on their way home to their children, not knowing that they would die.

“When you go into the townships these days you never know whether you will get out alive again.” said Mrs Seopela.

A Johannesburg ambulance spokes- n confirmed that the body of Mr

1985Herman Lebaio was removed from the wreckage on the corner of 9th and 2nd avenues. The dead man’s widow, Thallida, was taken to Hillbrow Hospi­tal, where she is in a critical condi­tion.

A spokesman for the Police Direc­torate of Public Relations in Pretoria said he had no knowledge of the inci­dent “because it may have been re­garded as an ordinary accident by local police”.

Mr P a t Rogers, public re la tions manager for Putco, said that accord* Ing to in fo rin^^n received by him the car had gooewVough a red light.

INTIM1DASIE en lelfi hardhandige opirede deur kwaadwillige elemente keer dat moontlike klaere by die Weennag se klagte* kantore in swart woon- buurte uitkom.

Maar 'n ondersoek het ook aan die lig gebrinc dat daar nie altyd werklike klagtes bestaan nie, t£ die Hoof van die Wccrmag. genl. Consund Viljoen.

Hy doen in *n verklaring wat gister in Pretoria uit* gereik is *n bcroep op allc belanghebbende ins tansies wat die belange van die Republiek op die hart dra, om <i<e Weennag te help c cringe van klagtes a ^ ,t of onwaar te be* wys.

Genl. Viljoen hct in be* sondcr mense toot geeste-

| likes, mcdiaverteenwoor- digers, regsinsunsics ,en

! politics uitgesonder en hul* fe gevra om enige bewerin- ge onder die klagtekantore se aandag te bring.

**Ek wit my standpunt hcrhaat dat die Weennag enersyds geen ongerymd- head van waiter aard ook al sal duld of kondoneer nie, maar dat hy tenclfdertyd nie wil teregstaan op ge- rvgte wat uit die propa­ganda van kwaadwilliges spruit nie," U genL Vil*

Klaers met intimidasie

(5 2 OCT 1385weggehou - genl. Viljoen

OiNL CONSTAND Vlt* JO IN . . Weemtog sol gam enewymdlMid dwld

kendenMf nie.

**Ek gee ook die verseke- ring dat elke bewering on* dersock sal word en dat dear die normate regspro- scsse teen enige oortreder opgetree sal word.

“Dit moet omhou word dat die vyandige propa* ganda-aanslag teen Suid- Afrika die diskreditering van die Vetlighridmagtt as *n hot prioritcit insluit en ek ag dit my piig om alles menslik moonthk te doen om te rerhinder dal dit deur middel van kwa^dwilliga skindersto ries geskied.

“Hierteenoor aanvaar ck dat misbnike wel kan plaaivind, maar dan sal dienoorcenkomstig teen o o rtred e rs opgetree word," lui sy verklaring.

Reoe vleisujtgeruk

Tockie O berholicrPOR I H LIZA BhTH — n W reede loesing wat repe vleis uit hul liggame geruk het. "Bidgeld” wat twee swartei rr.oes betaal vir daggasigarette wat hulle die volgcnde dag sou mocs rook terwyl hulle doodgebrand word. Dit het hier gelei tot 'n deurbraak in die poli- sieondersock na onwettige swart “ liowe".

Die twee swartes was so beangs oor die onmenslike tcregstelling wat op hulle gewag het. dat hulle die poli­tic se huip ingcroep het.

D nc hu!!>e in die swairtwoonbuurte. waar “hofsit- tings" deur die United Democratic Front gehou word, aan hulle uitgewys is.

Verskeie swartes is in verband met die onwettige ‘’ofsittings en vonnisse in hegtenis geneem. Sewe mans hi -eeds in die hof verskyn.

Vo ?ns skakeloffisier It-kol Gerrie van Rooyen lei fie UL>< e onwettige howe en wrede strawwe tot so ’n

sk. VVwiflL. dat weinig swartes du in die afgelope maaiK eewaa£ het om met enice k lag tcs: a die polisie te kom.

Net om n- *v 'n p i Pieman gesien . word. k 'n swarte se lewe Swa. vroue wat met p.lisiem an •? verhoudings het, word ko.'b loedig aan die b.nnd ge- steek.

Die swart klaers wat toi ^nlangse deurbraak gtlei het, het hul doodvonnis ontvang om dat hulle geweier het om polisJemanne se huise af te brand.

Volgens kol Van Rooyen word diegene wat ter dood veroordeel is die dag tevore gedwing is om R1 ‘'b id­geld"

Indien hulle n i . hulself vir dje ■'teregstelling” aan- meld nie, word hulle opgespoor en met petrol deur- drenk. Hulle ontvang dan die daggasigaret “om hul pyn te verlig” en beveel om dit self aan die brand te steek.

s , -1 0-

f)i 1:VA^;;!/.;■!' 30 -10-1985

Deur Ons I’olisievtrslaggewerLF.DI: van die media word nic vcr- bicd mu Soweto naby Johannesburg bmnc Ic gaan nie, sc brig. J.A.N. Coctzce, afdclingskommissaris van die Polisie in Soweto.

Hy het gistcr in ’n verklaring aan Sap.i gese dat lede van die pers nie vcrbicd word om Soweto binnc le gaan nic, bchalwc in die gebiede waar die vcilighcidsmagtc bcsig is met opt rede lecn onlusmakcrs of waar onlustc plaasvind.

Die Polisie sal beslag le op enigc vidcoband of film van icmand wal in s<5 ’n gebied gckry word, het brig. Coctzcc gcsc.

’n Polisicwoordvocrdcr hel gistcr- middag gcsc die vicr jocrnalistc van die Johanncsburgsc kocrant The S o wctan, wat bewcer hulle is Dinsdag- nag deur lede van die Wecrmag aangcrand. moct die saak by die

c polisickantoor aanmcld s o lie bewerings ondcrsoek kan

wdfd.Die joernaliste, more. Len Mase*

Soweto nie6 ■,' oh mtaboe

ring aangcrand nadat hulle 'n huU in Mcadowlands verbal het.

Ilultc is na bcwcring deur sowal dcrtig soldatc voorgckcer cn gc- dwing om in 'n Wecrmagvocrtuig tc Ic tcrwyl die soldatc hulle aangc­rand het.

Na nog 'n nag van oprocr in swart woonbuurte in die land is sewe mcn­sc dood cn elf in hegtenis gcnccm.

Die lykc van vyf mans is Dinsdag- aand in *n motor naby Ixopo in N atal deur die Polisie gevind. Die mans is ccrs onder di pe gc- sicck cn toe doodgeski

Volgens 'n polisicwoordvocrdcr Ivk dit o f die moorde od die m ans

M-afdcling van die woonbuurt Lim- la/i.

In KwaZakhelc naby Port Eliza­beth is ’n swartman noodlottig gc- wond nadat die Polisie teen oprocr- makcrs opgctrce het. In nog 'n voor- val in diesclfde woonbuurt is ’n swartman gewond nadat polisic- vocrtuic onder die klippe gesteck is. Die man is na bchandeling in heglc- nis gcnccm.

In Walmcr naby Port Elizabeth is 'n swartman deur 'n grocp swartes met 'n byl doodgekap nadat hy ge- vlug het uit sy huis wal met 'n petrolbom aan die brand gesteck is.

In die swart woongebied buite Grahamstad is ’n bruinman en 'n

B randbom m e reen?— g i \ nov m

I op polisiekantoor«“ lonr •eh liu hei is Ivdclik

D w O a Polbietenlaggewer

DIE polisie moes gister by die swart woonbnurt Ma- mclodi net buite Pretoria iagryp nadat 'n (root groep begrafnitgangen van 'n begrafnit terugga* keer ea die polisiekantoor in die woonbuurt met klip* pe bcstook bet.

Die oproeriget bet ook brandbomme deur die mi­le ran die poskantoor hi Mamelodi-Oos en deur die

lite van die Mamelodi- tetehuis gcfooi. Teen git*

uimiddag laat was reeds meer as tewentig mense ia hegterm gcnccm.

n Polisienun is ia ecu van die voorvalle waarty* dens oproeriges met traaa* rook en haelgewtewroar uiteengejaag is, lig beseer.

Brig. Hertzog Lena, af* deling-inspekteur vaa Noord-Trant vaaL bet gi» ler gesi dit was *n private begrafnit van iemand wat aan natuuriike oortake dood is.

Die oortedcac bet naby die polisiekantoor in Ma» mclodi gewoon en die be* grafaisskare het klippe op die polisiekantoor begia aooi nadat bulk van die begrafnit teruggekeer het

ra Brand weerwa, wat die brand by die poskan­

toor geblus het. is tydelik deur straatverspcrrings van brandende motorban* de gekeer. Die vertper- rings is gou deur die polisie verwydcr, bet brig. Lerm geti.

Teen laatmiddag was die toestand weer normaal.

In andcr voorvalle van geweldpleging in die na* week is drie swartmans doodgetkiet in Politie*op* trcde.

In Scbokcng naby Van* derbtjlpark it n twartman deur 'n vdligbeidswag doodgetkiet nadat ’n groep oproeriges 'n winkel aan- geval bet.

la Mamclodi, cn ia Bridgetown naby Oudts*

is mense Satcfdag* hegtcnit ge-

aeem ni voorvalle van ktiMoaiefy. la nog 'a vow* val ia Mamclodi is tewc •wan vroue cn twaalf twartmaas in hegtenit ge* aoem nadat ballc gepro* beer betorn "a pad vertper*ring oa te rig.

• Konst. Mervya Smit, 'n polisictnaa van die PaarLto SaUrdagaand be* tecr aadat ‘a petrol bom deur 'a vender van sy him ia Mbckwcai gestiagcr is. Sy h«is is bcekadig ea hy is met braadwondc na die Tygcrberg-Hoapilaal g«* bring.

Spotlight on the man behind the^oovcottKen Vernon _ * !*)<% mM' ! ‘ J

Black shoppers rush to stock up during boycott suspension

Ken VernonSHOPKEEPERS in Port Elizabeth, hard hit by a four-month black consumer boycott, were given a teasing glimpse ia the last two days of what business could be like if the boycott ended.

It has bees suspended for two weeks after the release from detention of boycott com­mittee chairman Mr Mkhuseii Jack “to give the Government time to meet our demands”.

These demands include: the lifting of the State of Emergency; removal of the SADF

poUce reaction squads from the town­ships; the lifting of the baa on meetings of UDF affiliate* In the Eastern Cape; the bringing to justice of the murderers of politi­cal activist Mathew Goniwe and others.

Yesterday and Friday there was aa almost

frenzied rush of black shoppers stock up on goods unobtainable at township shops. The move will add to the already heavy pressure on the Port Elizabeth business community, which on Tuesday begins talks with the boy­cott committee.

Mr Jack said that if the Government railed to act on any of the committee's demands, then the boycott could be quickly reimposed.

“We are going in to next week’s talks with­out any precondition, but we must get some positive results to justify to the people the lifting of the boycott,” he said.

He said the boycott had been 100 percent effective ia achieving its main aim; “Showing the business community that the Government is the main culprit in the present situation and is paying only lip service to real reform and negotiation.”

A FOUR-MONTH long black consumer boycott of white- owned stores in Port Eliza­beth which has stunned po­lice, civic leaders and shop­keepers alike with its effec­tiveness has spotlighted the young man responsible for organising it.

Mr Mkhuseii Jack (21),' chairman of the Black Con­

sumer Boycott Committee, has won acclaim from the black community, and he has been detained for kia role in maintaining the boy­cott

On Monday he was re­leased after high-level rep­resentations had bean made by the Port Elizabeth busi­ness community. On Friday the boycott was temporarily suspended for two weeks “to allow the Government tim« to respond to oar demands”.

This week Mr Jack will lead • delegation to discuss the boycott with senior po­lice officers, and the next, day he will head the boycott committee in talks with Port Elisabeth’s business and dvic leaders.

The stunning changes in and intense pressure on his life might well coofuse a se­nior statesman, hot Mr Jack, U»« sob of a farm labourer, seems to take it all In his stride.

Born ia the Bnmansdorp

district as one of eight chil­dren. he received an edu­cation only by the dedicated scrim ping of his mother, who worked as a char in the farm kitchen.

In 1975 he moved to Port Elizabeth to continue his education, and had his first brush with officialdom.

“1 didn’t have a pass, and preference for places at the school were given to those whose parents were legally

in Port Elizabeth," he re­calls.

“Before that, on the farm, we knew n o th in g abou t apartheid - only that we w ere exploited and hated the pass laws."

Mr Jack went on to be­come head prefect of New B r ig h to n ’s Cow an High School, but his first brush with the law had made him m ore aw are of its effects, and served to launch him

into student politics.He became pivotally in­

volved in o rgan ising the Eastern Cape branch of the South A frican S tu d e n ts ’ M ovement, fo re runner of the now-banned Congress of South African Students, and in 1979 was detained for the first time as he sat down to w rite his m atric exam ina­tion.

From student politics he progressed to civic organsa-

tions, and his leadership qualities brought him to the attention of black leaders — and the authorities.

Since his involvement in these organisations he has been subjected to alm ost constan t harassm ent and th re a ts , his house burn t down and his brother shot and killed by unknown gun­men he thinks were a fte r him instead.

In between the detentions and a seem ingly endless cycle of meetings and dis­cussions he still has to find tim e to work for a living — he receives no pay whatso­ever for his community in­volvement - and still wants to get to university to fur­ther his education.

B ut the fu tu re can be questionable for young black leaders making their mark, especia lly in the E astern Cape.

This year alone another m an with a sim ilar back­ground to Mr Ja c k ’s has been m urdered , as w ere Mathew Goniwe and three more activists. Three other high-ranking young UDF of­ficials have been missing for m ore than six months and are presumed dead.

“But you can’t think that this can happen to you," he says. "My only future is to work for the struggle to free my people — whatever hap­pens.’’

Two dead in unrestA black man was killed and five others were wounded when police, “oo several occasions, had to fire teanmoke aad shotguns to dis­perse groups’* of blacks in Queenstown'* black township, according to the latest police sitaa- tipo report

A charred body was also discovered in the township.

Two policemen and a black ««an were wounded when police In Molteno’s black township fired birdshot and rubber ballets at a group of youths who stoned a police vehicle. — Sapa.

\

l'liree hot dead in<y ^ J y R itH llM fiS o

Hours after four people were shot dead, three seriously In­jured and acores of others ar­rested in Leandra township in the Eastern Transvaal yester­day, residents told officials of the Hlghveld Development Board and members of the seen*

*rity forces that they waofd re­sist the forced removal of peo­ple living in shacks along the national road.

Unrest flared early yesterday after residents stayed away from work in protest against the eviction notices served on peo­ple living in shacks.

In other incidents, houses be­longing to policemen and coun­cillors and a beer hall were at­tacked and badly damaged.

Residents demanded to meet officials of the development

on iV:board and representatives of the security forces in connection with the removals.

Among those shot dead was a mother of three children, Mrs Nelly Madonsela, and ll-year- old Thomas Nkosi. Two have not been identified.

Mrs Madonsela waa allegedly ■hot by the owner of a cafe situ­ated near the shacks along the national road while she was try­ing to fetch water from the communal tap. The other three were shot dead when they were trying to attack a beerhalL

OPENED FIRE According to eyewitnesses,

police had earlier dispersed the rampaging youths at the beer­halL TOey camped in the hall, but later some departed.

Unaware that several police were sUll in the beerhall, youths

again tried to attack i t The men inside opened fire, killing three instantly and seriously Injuring three others.

All the incidents were coo- firmed by a Lieutenant de Vries, who addressed the emotionally charged meeting.

In reply to a call by residents that members of the security forces be withdrawn from the township. Lieutenant de Vries

d: “u ! could be assured thatyou people would stop rioting, I will order my men out of the township.

“I am very sorry that some people were shot dead. I only in­structed my men to get into the township after we received complaints there was rioting.

“They entered the township only to enforce law and order and to protect life and proper­ty," he added.

Members of the Leandra Ac­tion Committee who convened the meeting told the area's Chief Commissioner, Mr J van Jaars- veld, and members of the forces that "removing people against their will and not giving them alternative accomodation was immoral, showing the tyranny of the system of apartheid and the betrayal of human rights”.

Mr Van Jaarsveld, who main­tained he had not been informed about the eviction notices, said until their origin had been inves­tigated the shacktfwellars would not be evicted.

"But I cannot make any tan­gible promises. The law will de­cide who was wrong and who was right," he said.

By yesterday evening the forces had been withdrawn from the township and it was quiet but f ------

U I L

- s /

oor swart buurt

J / l \ MOV 1235

>DavMMalan

KRUGERSDORP — "Ai die Regering Munsieviile nie wil *kuif nie, dan skuifor* hont self.” ,• Hierdie wa» een van die talle Utyd- krete wal gtsteraand deur die gange van die stadhub weerplm hel op *n vuurwa- pen vergadering van die Krugersdorp-Aksiecroep.

Sowal 500 mense het die banketsaal volgcpak om vir die verskuiwing van die swart woonbuurt **te veg". . . .

"On* wil ons blanke vroue en kinder* beskcrm. Ons wil nie omring word deur swart gebiede nie Wie gaan ons be- skerm lerwyl daar laer om ons gctrck word." het voofsittef Johan Wepcnerdie ta fe l gedek wat sou volg.

Daarna is die een oprutende loe- snraak na die ander gelewer. By lye het A t gevoel asof dit ' • AW B-vergadermg was Trouens, verskeie vooraanstaande plaaslike AW B-manne b in die voorste

I g e s io e lie s opgemerk.' Een van die voorbokke, vuurvreter-

r a a d s l id <‘hri* V iljoen. wal hoog aange-

skrewe in AWB-kringe staan, het in ver­skeie toesprake in ware Eugene Terre- blance-styl die Kiugersdorpse stadsraad — of altans die meerderheid van die lede — as "politwke smurfies” uitgekryt.

“As julle vanaand wil h i ons moet be- dank, dan sal ons bedank," het hy onder groot tocjuiging gest.

Die ondervoorsitter van die bestuurs- komitee — hy het gesf hy behoort me aan ’n spesifieke party nie — het verdui- delik dat die stadsraad sy bes probeer het om Munsieviile venkuif te kry.

“Hulle het hulle teen ’n muur vasge- loop — die muur is die Regering," het hy gesi.

“Laat ons die Regering konfronleer met alles wat ons het. U is vanaand by Armageddon.” hel raadslid’ Viljoen on- der groot tocjuiging geskreeu.

Die dorp se LP, adv. Leon Wessels, was ook daar om, soos hy dit gestel het, » “lyfband" (verwysende na die bran- dende buiteband wal in die onlustc ge- bruik word) te kom haal Hy wou die ware t<>c<Jrag van sake verduidelik

NOV 1985 i f * *swartdorp bly

David MalanKRUGERSDORP —Die Regering se besluit om

I nie die swart woonbuurt Munsieviile te verskuif

• nie, b Ians besig om 1 opslae op die dorp te

Imaak.

Die Krugersdorp-aksie- groep is deur *n aantal regsgesindes gestig en hulcerste vergadering vind more-aand in die stadsaal plaas. *n Groot aantal mense word daar vcrwag en die hare gaan glo be- hoorlik op die vergade­ring waai.

I Donderdagaand hou ' die onder-burgemeestcr,

raadslid Piet Kruger, 'n , vergadering in sy wyk vir

die inwoners van Dan Pienaarville om die vurc te probeer dood si aan

Die Krugersdorp-aksie- 1 groep met mnr Johan We-

pener as voorsitter en vuurvreter-raadslid Chris Viljoen as een van sy voorbokke reeds besig om *n beswaarskrif oor Munsieviile die rondtc le laat doen. Dit sal na ver* wagting deur honderde mense onderteken word cn gaan aan die Staatspri- sidcnt gcstuur word, si mnr Viljoen.

Hy t t hy gaan more- aand die hele “be* drogspul" oor Munsie- ville aan die kaak stel.

Die vergadering van mnr Kruger begin om 19MJ0 by die NG Kerk- saal op die hoek van Swallow cn Eaglestratc, Rand en Dal. Hy se hy

dit gereel as gcvolg onduidclikhede wal

oor Munsieviile bestaan en navrae wal h> daaroor ontvanj! het

helvan

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Parkklagtes later tekyk_______ _. •____ ctaicfcklerk. mnf.

KRUGERSDORP.Die vergadering mire tnsscn *n ondersoekkomi- tee van die Dorperaad en plaaslike beswaarmaker* teen die beoogde “water* park" op die dorp i* on- be paid uitgestel.

Na verneem word, het die Dorperaad di< be- sluit geneem omdat die dorp sc siadsraad nie die bepalinge van die ocdon-

nansic nagekoritW nie.*n Woordvoerdcr van

die beswaarmakers het gister gese huiie sou in elk geval uitstel gevra het.

“Al die beswaarma- kers is nie op die regte wyse en binne veertien dae van die vergadering in kennis gestel nie," het hy gese.

Die stadsklerk, mnf. J.J.L. Nieuwoudt. het gcsi die stadsraad het net nodig gehad om die indiener van die versoek- skrif teen die walerpark van die vergadering in kennis te stcl.

"Dit is amper o«- moontlik oin almal skrif- telik van die vergadering in kennis te stel, ’ het hy gese.

Die twis oor die water- park het verlede jaar ont- ttaan toe I 477 mease en 17 instansics by die Ad­ministrates beswaar ge- mask het teen die bcoog- de tigging van die park.

Die beswaarmaken se woordvoerder si huiie wag nou vir *n kennisge- wing oor wanneer flie vergadering gehou sal word. **lntusse« sal ons stappe doea vir 'n bevre- digendc oplossing," het hy gcsi._____________

qniui> 9 ilii!

%\

Boycotts used as ‘political1 BLACK baying power would be used (increasingly as • political weapon, I fconomUu warned yesterday.

^ I They were reacting to the call by the| Pretoria Boycott Committee to black consume™ to boycott white-owned shops Iran today to January 3.

Thousands of pamphlets have been

ri » distributed In the townships around Pre-^ toria to support the appeal.

'* * Pretoria Chamber of Commerce GM! Alex de Beer said recently the chamber

I_______ ockau> m uxr |was deeply concerned at the develop­ment, especially as it could have a seri­ous impact oo Christmas trade.

Pick 'n Pay chief Raymond Ackerman said the boycotts had bees devastatingly effective in Port Elizabeth and Cane Town. A temporary truce had been de­clared in Port Elizabeth, but Cape Town was still In the (rip of a boycott.

Ackerman said be knew of 75 small businesses In Port Elizabeth that were

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forced to close because of the boycott “Unfortraately it is the small busi­

nessman who is vulnerable The biff guys can look after themselves. Although hurting, they can survive.”

He and other Cape Town businessmen had discussions with black leaders with 1 little effect.

“Unfortunately we cannot eliminate 1 their grievances, and although we have I clearly demonstrated our firm stand i against apartheid they are unimpressed, j I tey say they are using us. the white (PE boycott t© until ultimatu:THE boycott of white-owned businesses , in Port Elizabeth is to be suspended untila six-month ultimatum given to SA by iCommonwealth leaders last October l runs out.

A rally attended by more than 50 000 <at the Dan Qeqe stadium in Zwide was (told yesterday if government failed to iaddress itself to the boycott committee's 1long-term demands, a national boycott «would be called in April. \

This will co-incide with economicsanctions the Commonwealth group has ithreatened to impose if SA fails to dis- j mantle apartheid.

Steps have been taken in the Eastern sCape to establish a national boycott co- c

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Pretoria geboikot?J f a . - . , W « *Plei ?fhef»A ,’» ' v 1b8

PKI TOKIA — ’n O rootskeepse vikrhoikol deur swart verhruikers hrdicig die hoofstad IVetoriase sa- kelui g.i.in vandag p roheer om die hukotaksic .if to weer.

Die Kanier van Koopltandel hot i.iiutggend sy l>esorgdheid uilge- 'I'u i l 1*1)1 die heoogde hoikot wai i*l< I IJ o c in lv r teen allc sake-on- drrnemings m gcslel word.

Rt i'A*^' sekrelaris. mnr Kappie Vil- joen, hct vanoggend gese die Ka- mcr van Koophandel is bcreid om met enigeen te gesels om die hoikot af te weer. "O ns weet net nie met wie n ie .” het hy gese.

Verskeie sakemanne met wic I )ie v.ulerlaml gesels het, isdil eens dat die hoikot. wal hoofsaaklik teen Pretoria geinik is. 11 uiters nadelige uitwerking op verkope oor die

Kerstyd kan he.

Mnr Dan Kolt, gehtcdshesluur- der van die I’utco-inaatskappy se openhare helrckkinge-afdeling, het vanoggend gese dal hy vandag nop 11 ontinoeting tusscn hom en die Katolieke Mangaliso Mkatshwa. gaan proheer reel.

"I k proheer uitvind wie die hoi­kot organisoer. I l.indel hct niks met |X)litick te doen n ie ," het hy gese.

BoikotVERBRUIKERSBOIKOTTE taan in die toekoms al hoe meer as n nie-gewclddadige vonn van protes deur die swart be voicing aangeweiul wofd.

So uord voorspel. En u r blanke sakelui en die ekonomic is di* baie slegte nuus. Die vor* van p ro m is in Suid-Afnka niks nuutt o k en is in die wertigcrjarc al dewt Amen- kancis aangewend.

Sadat du verlede week bekend -w ord bet dal die swart m - l.f wkenboikot aan die Rand sedert Sondag weer in voile gang is, he! ctlikc biankes Die Vaderland ge- kontak cn gesc hul vcrwclko* art. Dit sou die middestad van Johan­nesburg weer "skooo maak, is be-

V"weer.Bitter mtn van drf mense was eg-

lef he win v m die c|*leodc wat ' • swart vcrbnMkersbo*- kot inhou.

Die verbruikersboikol in die Oos-Kaap. sedert 15 Julie vaiyaar, i t *• week getede ampielili verby.

Dit it nog moeiUk o n die skade aan b ta k e sake-ondemewings tot op die laattc rand te bepaal Tog mocs 75 kleiner sakeondernemings jg ptot Elizabeth alleen in die tyd hul detire uxmaak.

Die ekonomiese resessie bygerc- ken. kon mense nie andere as om bank rot ic gaan nie. Op kleiner dorpe in die Oo» Kaap soos Queenstown. King William s Town

ellendecn CraJock hel die boikot ook sy tol geeis — nie alleen aan swart wcrknemers wat afgedank moes word nie. maar ook biankes wat nou sondcr inkomsie sit.

Winkclcienaars in Port Elizabeth mcen hul vcriope het in die maan- de dat die boikot gcgcld het in som- intge gevalle met to* •» persent ge- daal. Sommige winkels mocs nood- maatreeh aanwend ont aan die lewe te bly — tom om ’n drie- ol vier- daagse werkweck in te stcl.

'n Verbruikersboikol is by swart politieke organisasies die cnigste nie-gewclddadige uitweg om hul gricwe aan die Rcgcring en btanke bcvolking doettrcffend oor te lira.

Die doeltrcffcndhcid van 'n boi-

kot word gemeet aan die mate van stcun wat hy genict en die mate waarin daar oor griewc met die biankes onderhandel kan word.

In d ii opsig was die Oos-Kaapse boikot 100 persent sukscsvol. Nie alleen is daar aan cisc toegegee nie— die Wcermag is vcrlede week uit Oos-Kaapse woongebiede onttrek en die blanke sakelui kon doeltref- fend druk op die Rcgering uitoefen om ook aangehoudenes vry te laat— maar ook was die boikot *-be- vrcdigend” ondersteun.

Ekonome is dit eens dat vcr- bruikersboikotte in die toekoms al hoe nicer aangcwcnd sal word as docltrerfendc kommunikasiemiddel met die owerhede — met ernstige

gcvolge vir sowel blank as swart.Die feit bly staan dat swart mense

loenemend die hef in die band kry bctreffende verbruikersbestcding.

Onlangse syfcri het rceils aange- toon dat waar biankes tot einde ver- lede jaar 40 persent van die Suid- Afrikaanse koopkrag uitgemaak het, swartes hulle dtf jaar sou ver- bysteek en 47 persent van die koop­krag sou verteenwoordig.

Die swart verbruikcr raak dus *o magsfaktor waarmce dccgbk reke- ning gehou moet word — ’■ faktor wat lot dusver doeltrelfend daartn kon slaag om blanke sakelui en uit- eindelik die owcrheid na horn te laat luister.

Nu w e w apenssgaggtt^ssuSSoieiss&SiS ^ w t KARM BRYMARD In Joha------m TOEKJE OBIERHOLZER In Port gaan vaastaL

• Efta dra by tot 41a at*_____ ____________ i m w l l d N u nToakla' _

• B a la b lan h M »>*w tlio w t a » y « y t b o ^ k o t v an Jo h w m a ato u rj a a n id d M ta d a n *4 22: I ! - . — . "wfcoon" — m w s o n d a r om

‘ I t dnk wat dllsssyss

H iam s Town w c o w i u u i m m ™ -

Ons sal land regeer__ ■___I I n n San ffrmeet word

“EEN mens, cen stem is die docl waarna swartes in Suid-Afrika streef. Ons sal hier- die land regeer.”

Dit is die tclfversckerde uitspiaak van mnr Mkhuseli Jack. Icier van die swart vcr- bruikersboikot hier wat pas vir vyf maande opgeskort is op voorwaarde dal die Regc­ring aan sckerc eise eehoor gee.

In ’n gespwk •"** ^ Vaderland het mnr Jack prontuit gese dat *n tragcdic Suid-Afn- ka in die gesig staar indicn die Rcgering nieop d i e _laaste — vrccdsamc protes teendie politieke opsct rcagcer nie.

‘•Met die mandaat wat aan my gegee is is daar by my geen twyfel nie dat Suid-Afrika dan die pad van Beiroct sal votg me. Wat meer » . omstandighede hier sal 'n voortdu- rende lewenspatroon word en die gebcurde in Beiroct na ’n pieknick laat lyk.”

Volgcns mnr Jack is die vloedgolf van swart wcerstand steeds besig om in momen­tum toe te neem sedert die atgemene poli- tieke ontwakening in 1976 en die aanvang van skoleboikotte.

- l ike boikot!»cwcging dra by tot die atta- kcline van apartheid," het hy gese. "As dit nie was vir die sterk standpunt wat deur my -comrades” ingcnecm is nie. sou Suid-Afn- ka nic nou gewccs het waar dit is nie.

Hy gee toe dat individue hul eie opvoc- ding skailc aandocn deur skole te boikot. maar sicn dit as n opoffering ter wille van die verwocsting van apartheid. ^

“Ons sal hierdic land regeer.”Volgcns hom het die boikotbewegings be-

skermde biankes landwyd vir die ecrste keer bcwus gemaak van die omvang van swart wocde.

-Geen land se krag kan gemeet word aan sy milittre vermoens nie, maar wel aan die atgemene weerstand wat onder die mense bestaan teen die politieke regime.”

Volgcns mnr Jack het die geweldpleging in Port Elizabeth se swart woonbuurt ver- driedubbel onderwyl die Wcermag teen- woordig was, jui& ocndat die swartes wou bewys dat hulle nie deur militdre mag geln- timideer word nie. Die Suid-Afrikaanse Wcermag word deur die swarte gesien as *n arm van onderdrukking wat gebruik word om apartheid uf te dwing.

"Ons haat nie die biankes nie en wil ook nie van hulle ontslae raak wannecr ons die land regeer nie. Hulle sal wel mettertyd van hul inhcrentc apartheidsmentaliteit ontslae raak. soos die swartes nou van hul slawe- mentaliteit bevry f>-' het hy gc><.

Swart boikotplan kanivinkels knou

Deur ELSA FOURIE SWARTES in Mamelodi en Soshanguvc naby Pre­toria is van plan om blanke sake-ondcrnemings en win- kels in Pretoria in Dcsem* ber te boikot.

Die stad sc sakemanne. wat reeds maatreels in werking gestel het om die boikot teen te werk. wag nou in spanning om te sien hoe suksesvol dit gaan wees. Hullc vices dat *n geslaagde inkopieboikot hullc van tussen 12 cn IS persent van hul verwagte tnkomstc kan ontneem.

Die bcstuurder van *n g • ""^erneming in Pre* U gistcr gese al Pre- toriJ ikemanite. en die Polisie, is bewus van die veldtog. Hy het ’n strooi- biljet wat onder swarte* versprei word en waarin die boikot gepropageer -vord.

’n die strooibiljct word om nic tussen I9&5 en 2 Ja-

i*S6 by blanke.ikcls in Pretoria tc koop

me. Hulle word ook ver- soek om nic by winkels van polisiemanne of raadslede te koop nic.

Verskillende redes word vir die boikot ungcgcc. In die strooibiljci, wat in En­gels geskryf is, wont be* wecr dat meer as vccrtig mcmc in die onlustc in Pretoria dood is, meer as vyfhondcrd in beptenis ge- neem ts(mcestal in Mame- lodi), baie deur die Polisie bescer is, u lle bul werk m lo o r het en Puico sy tariewe verhoog het.

Daar word na bewering ook gese “ons" dring d iar-

op aan dat beperkings op begrafnisse in swart woon- buurte opgehef word, dat werkloses van die betaling van huur cn mediese koste onthef word, dat skoolpro- bleme opgeios word, dat opstokers sc huise nie deur die Polisie aangeval word nie en dat werkgewers on* regverdige afdankings stalk.

Die streckkomitee van die Afrikaansc Handclsin*

stituut (AHI) vir Scntraal- Transvaal het die boikot gisterm iddag besprcck. Die AHI het voorstelle aan sy lede gedocn hoe om die boikotaksie teen tc werk.

Mnr. Gerhard Lourcns. voorsitter van die Sen- traal-Transvaal-streek van die AHI. het gistermiddag gesi hy docn n berocp op sakemanne om met deer- nis na die bclange van hul lojale werkers cn swan klanic tc kvk. Hy glo so-

wat 10 pcrsent van al die swartes sal act weens in* timidasie aan *n boikot deelnecm.

Mnr. Loerens het gese die boikot sal sake-ondcr- nemings cmstig knou in* dien dit sou slaag. Hy mccn indien die sakeman* ne die boikot binne die ecr- ste week sou kon brcek. dit die situasie vir hulle kan red. Die boikot sal dan nic wcer maklik momentum kry nie.

Die winkelbcstuurder het gesi swartes het van- deesweek reeds in onge* woon hoe getalle begin in* kopics docn in 'n poging om die boikot tc omseil.

Hy sc baie van die sake- mannc in Pretoria glo die boikot gaan nie baie ge* slaag wees nie. omdat hul icenmaatre£ls dit in die wiele gaan ry. Swartes het volgens hom ook laat blyk dat die boikot nie baie goed georganiscer is nie

Die bcstuurder van 'n ander groot winkcl in Pre­toria het gister gese De- sember is tradisioneel die tyd wanneer swartes graag vir hul kinders inkopies doen. *n Geslaagde boikot sal 'n groot hap uit winkels sc verwagte inkomste vir Desember neem. Tog glo hy die boikot kan moontlik misluk.

Collection Number: AK2145 KRUGERSDORP RESIDENTS’ ORGANISATION AND 4 OTHERS v. THE MINISTER OF LAW AND ORDER AND 2 OTHERS 1986 PUBLISHER: Publisher:- Historical Papers, University of the Witwatersrand Location:- Johannesburg ©2012

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