Bitumen Presentation

1st year of deregulation

PETROLEUM PRODUCTS DEMAND

91

68

9783

100 100 99104 104109

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

MMTP

A

FY1999 FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003

Consumption Production

Source: PPAC, FY03 company estimates

Consumption grew at a CAGR of 3.4% p.a. over the last 5 years

Production registered a CAGR of 12.5% p.a. during the same period

104109 111

129

114

137

119

137

124

136

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

MM

T

FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007

Demand Supply

Demand expected to grow at a CAGR of 3.7% p.a. during next 5 years

Demand registered over 5% growth during FY2003

Source: Company estimates FY03 MOP&NG Sub-group report for X Plan submitted to Planning Commission

Historical Going forward

CRUDE SELF SUFFICIENCY

4439

3835

32 31 31 31

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

(%)

FY 96

FY 97

FY 98

FY 99

FY 00

FY 01

FY 02

FY 03

Self sufficiency levels declined over the years

35.2

56.4

32.8

62.2

31.9

112.0

32.4

112.5

32.1

114.7

33.1

114.7

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

MMT

FY95 FY99 FY00 FY01 FY02 FY03

Crude Production Refining Capacity

The gap being met through imports

Source: Hydrocarbon Vision 2025

INDIAN ROAD SECTOR

Length ( km )

NATIONAL HIGHWAYS 58,112

STATE HIGHWAYS 1,37,119

DISTRICT ROADS 4,70,000

RURAL ROADS 26,50,000

Total – 3.3 MILLION Kms

INDIAN ROADS CARRY 85 % OF PASSENGER

TRAFFIC & 70 % OF FREIGHT TRAFFIC

INDIAN ROAD NETWORKINDIAN ROAD NETWORK

ROAD CONSTRUCTIONSHIFTS TO HIGHER GEAR

• HIGHWAYS BUILT 1947-97 2 Kms / Day• PROPOSED NHDP LENGTH 14000 Kms• DAILY PROGRESS 1998-03 5 Kms / Day• DAILY EXPENSES OF NHDP10 ML. USD• FINAL PROGRESS OF NHDP 11 Kms/Day

• ASSURED FUNDING MECHANISM IN PLACE

MAJOR PROJECTS

• JAN 1999 – TARGET OF DEC 2004 FOR 4/6-LANING OF 5846 KMs HIGHWAY IN FIRST PHASE - GOLDEN QUADRILATERAL

• SECOND PHASE ON 7300 KMs NE-SW CORRIDOR TO BEGIN ON JAN 2004 WITH TARGET OF DEC 07

• SIMULTANEOUS DEVELOPMENT OF PORT ROADS, RURAL ROADS, STATE ROADS INTENSIFIED

• B.R.O. PROJECTS

BANGALORE CHENNAI

Surat

VadodaraAhmedabad Bypass

MUMBAI

Vijayawada Eluru

Bhubaneshwar

Varanasi

Sikandara

KOLKATA

DELHI

Barwa AddaPanagarh

Amer

Manor

Krishnagiri

J agatpur

J aipur Bypass Ph.II

Neelamangala

Nellore Bypass

Dharwad

Hathipali

Vishakhapatnam

Khurda

Agra

Pune

Kokhraj

Allahabad bypass

KolaghatBhadrak

Palasa

Nellore

Katraj Wather

Hubli

Pallikonda

Ph.IChittorgarh

HimmatnagarChiloda

J aipur

Etawah

Gowthami

Sira

Palanpur

PORBANDARRajkot

Udaipur

Kanpur

Siliguri

SILCHAR

Samakhiali

Shivpuri

Guwahati

Purnea

Muzaffarpur

GorakhpurLucknow

Islampur

KANYAKUMARI

Madurai

Kurnool

Hyderabad

Lakhnadon

J hansi

SRINAGAR

Dindigul

Karur

J ammu

J alandhar

Gwalior

Nagpur

Salem

Kochi

ThrissurCoimbatore

Dankuni-NH-2/ NH-6 Near Kolkata

LEGEND:

Under Implementation

Already Completed

Project Preparation Taken Up

Balance for AwardN. H. Number

S

E

N

W

Status as on August 31, 2002

Total length(km)Completed Total till date (km)Under Implementation

Financial (Rs. Crs.)

Contracts to be awarded

GQ 5,846 1,159*

95

15,951

1,6886,286

136 4

4,551

(Handia)

BITUMEN AND ITS PROPERTIES

BITUMEN DEMAND GROWTH

• Bitumen demand is likely to grow at 12% per year for next five years• At this rate the demand in year 2004-05 would be 3900 TMT

0.00

500.00

1000.00

1500.00

2000.00

2500.00

1992-931993-941994-951995-961996-971997-981998-991999-002000-012001-022002-03

YEAR

SA

LE

S IN

TM

T

BULK

PACKED

BITUMEN SEASONALITY

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR

MONTH

BITU

MEN

DEM

AND

IN T

MT

BULK

PACKED

TOTAL

PROD CAP

Bitumen - An introduction

• LAST RESIDUE OF CRUDE OIL TREATED TO PRODUCE BITUMEN.

• USED IN BUILDING AND PAVING SINCE ANCIENT TIMES.

• OLDEST ADHESIVE KNOWN TO MAN.

– USED IN 3500 B.C. AS MORTAR FOR BUILDING STONES AND PAVING BLOCKS IN MESOPOTAMIA.

– USED FOR WATER TIGHTENING OF RESERVOIRS, CANALS, BATHING POOLS & EMBANKMENTS OF RIVERS IN INDUS VALLEY.

Bitumen - An introduction (Contd.)

• Streets of Babylon constructed in 2000 B.C. still in good shape.

• Used for Mummification in 300 B.C.• Rock Asphalt used for flooring/sidewalks in

France in 1800 A.D.• First road surfacing done in New Jersey in

1870 A.D.• From 1900 onwards Bitumen produced

from Refineries being used extensively.

Types of Bitumen

• Conventional Bitumen Paving Grade Bitumen Industrial Grade Bitumen

• Bitumen Emulsions

• Modified Bitumen

Production Process

• Produced by fractional distillation of Crude oil.– Crude Oil heated to 300 – 350OC in

distillation column. Lighter fractions separated at different column heights. Bottom product called long residue.

– Long residue heated upto 450OC in Vacuum distillation column. Bottom residue (short residue) used for manufacturing Bitumen.

– Hot air is blown through short residue OR blended with superior quality bottom products to achieve desired consistency / penetration.

Advantages of Bituminous Roads

• Initial saving : fast construction + low cost.

• Ageless – rehabilitation is inexpensive.

• Stage Construction - in ribbons, not in slabs.

• Safe: High skid resistance + Good Visibility

• Better riding quality Less wear & tear of vehicle, Low noise while cruising

• Can be fully recycled.

Engineering Properties of Bitumen

• A visco-elastic material : Deformation under stress a function of temperature & loading time.

• At high temperature & loading it behaves as viscous liquids, whereas at very low temperature or low loading it behaves as elastic solids.

• In the intermediate range of temperatures / pressure, more typical of the conditions in road service, bitumen has visco-elastic behaviour.

Elemental Analysis

Carbon 82 - 88 %

Hydrogen 8 - 11 %

Sulphur 0 - 6 %

Oxygen 0 - 1.5 %

Nitrogen 0 - 1 %

Composition of Bitumen

• Chemical composition depends on origin of Crude Oil and refining process.

• Chemical composition is extremely complex. Astronomically large number of Molecules with different chemical structures. Not feasible to attempt a complete analysis of Bitumen.

• Elemental composition of Bitumen provides little information of the types of molecular structure present in Bitumen.

Properties of BitumenIS 73 : 1992

Characteristics 80/100 60/70 30/40

Specific gravity at 27OC 0.99 0.99 0.99

Softening Point OC 35 to 50 40 to 55 50 to 65

Penetration at 25OC, 100gm, 80 to 100 60 to 70 30 to 405 secs., 1/10 mm

Ductility at 27OC, in cm min. 75 75 50

BITUMEN TESTS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE

• PENETRATION TEST / SOFTENING PT.– INDICATES CONSISTENCY

• LOSS ON HEATING / THIN FILM OVEN TEST– RATE OF HARDENING ON ROAD

• DUCTILITY TEST – AFFINITY FOR AGGREGATES

Tests…..

• TRICHOROETHYLENE SOLUBILITY – INDICATES PURITY OF BITUMEN

• VISCOSITY / SPECIFIC GRAVITY

Penetration

• TRAVEL IN dmm OF A SPECIFIED NEEDLE UNDER 100 g Wt. FOR 5 SECONDS INTO BITUMEN AT 25 C.

• DENOTES CONSISTENCY

Softening Point

• 3.5 GM STEEL BALL PLACED ON SAMPLE OF BITUMEN IN BRASS RING

• BATH TEMP RAISED AT 5 DEGREES PER MINUTE

DUCTILITY

• Gives an indication of the extent to which a sample of the material can be stretched before breaking.

• Length in cm. at breaking point is ductility

FLASH POINT

• Used to measure the temperature to which a sample of bitumen may be safely heated

• The flash point is the temperature reached when the vapour causes an instantaneous flash.

Recommended Handling Temperatures

Characteristics 80/100 60/70 30/40

Min. Pumping Temp.27OC 105 110 125

Mixing/Coating Temp. OC 150 to 163 150 to 163 160 to 175

Laying Temp.OC 130 to 160 130 to 160 140 to 160

Spraying Temp.OC 170 - -

Max. Safe Hdlng. Temp. OC 175 175 175

Selection of Grade of Bitumen

• Choice of Bitumen is based on

Climatic Conditions - Maximum & Minimum temperature & rainfall.

Intensity of Traffic - Number of vehicles per day & axle load of vehicles.

Applications of 80/100 Grade

• Less viscous grade.

• Used in all climatic conditions.

• Suited for traffic load of less that 1500 commercial vehicles/day.

• Better suited for high altitude/snow bound regions irrespective of traffic intensity.

Applications of 60/70 Grade

• More viscous grade. Higher softening point.• Suited for traffic intensity of more than 1500

commercial vehicles/ day.• Can withstand heavier axle loads.• Suited for areas where difference between min. &

max. temp. is more than 25 o C.• Reduced stripping of Bitumen from Aggregate in

presence of water.• Better suited for highways, expressways &

urban roads.

Applications of 30/40 Grade

• Suited for traffic intensity of more than 1500 commercial vehicles/ day.

• Suited for areas where difference between min. & max. temp. is less than 25 o C.

• Used in metropolitan areas / airport runways.

VALUE ADDED BITUMEN

Binder of the futureBinder of the future

RELATIVE PRICING OF VALUE ADDED BINDERS

• BITUMEN 10000

• EMULSION 11000

• CRMB 12500

• NRMB 13500

• PMB 17000

WHY MODIFIED BITUMEN?

• INCREASING DEMANDS ON ROAD – INCREASING NUMBER OF VEHICLES

• INCREASING AXLE LOAD

• INSISTENCE BY CLIENTS• DESIRE TO MAINTAIN HIGHER

SERVICEABILITY LEVEL• CHANGING PATTERN OF

CONTRACTS• INCLUDES LONG TERM

MAINTENANCE

Modifiers under use

Polymers RubbersPlastics

ThermoplasticEVA

Synthetic ElastomersSBS, SBR etc.

Crumb Rubber

Chemically Treated

Natural Rubber(Latex)

Plain

EMERGING DEMANDAN ASSESSMENT

1998-99 2000-01 2002-03 2004-05PAVING GRADE 2314 2566 2605 3025EMULSIONS 50 70 90 120CRMB 0 10 65 250PMB - SBS 0 0 30 80NRMB 0 0 10 25OTHERS 4 6 6 12CUTBACK 3 3 3 5

TOTAL MARKET 2364 2646 2800 3500

CURRENT MARKET FEATURES

• DOMINATION BY CRMB– VALUE FOR MONEY BINDER– TEST TRACKS / RESEARCH WORK SHOW

EXCELLENT RESULTS– HIGH COST OF PMB A DAMPENER

• INSISTENCE BY CLIENTS ON REFINERY MODIFIED BINDERS

• HIGH GROWTH RATE ASSURED• EMULSION MARKET STAGNATED

– TACK COAT ORIENTED– HIGH VOLUME APPLICATIONS YET TO

BEGIN

CRUMB RUBBER MODIFIED BITUMEN

Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen

Bitumen

+

Additives (Modifiers/Treated

Crumb Rubber)

What is Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen?

• Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen is Conventional Bitumen with treated Crumb Rubber Additive at high temperature which results in– Lower susceptibility to temp. variation

– Higher resistance to deformation at high temperature

– Better Age Resistance Properties

– Higher Fatigue Life of Mixes

– Better Adhesion Properties

Why Treat Crumb Rubber?

• Be compatible with Bitumen.• Blend with Bitumen properly & thoroughly.• Improve temperature resistance of Bitumen.• Resist degradation of Bituminous mix.• Be capable of being processed by conventional

mixing plants and laying machinery.• Produce coating viscosity at application temp.• Maintain premium properties during

storage,application and in service.• Be cost-effective considering life cycle cost.

Test and Trials with CRMB

• Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi.

• Highway Research Station, Chennai.

• Gujarat Engineering Research Institute, Vadodara.

• Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur.

• Municipal Corporation of Delhi.

• Research Station, P.W (R&B) Dept., Hyderabad.,

Andhra Pradesh.

Circular Test track study conducted by Highway Research

Station, Chennai

Tests conducted in Circular Test Track Study

• Surface Evaluation

• Skid resistance

• Texture depth

• Depletion values

STUDY RESULT CRMB mixes indicate better resistance to deformation at

high temperature - 1.5 times higher values of stability,

Marshall quotient and stiffness modulus.

Higher indirect tensile strength and stiffness modulus -

better resistance to cracking in structural layers.

Modified mixes in structural layers take higher traffic

stresses due to higher values of stiffness modulus.

Tensile strength ratio before and after conditioning in

water is higher - superior resistance to moisture damage..

CIRCULAR TEST TRACK STUDY CONCLUSION

The Highways Research Station has opined that the performance of modified bitumen stretch improves by 1.7 times than the conventional bitumen stretch.

Guidelines on use of Modified Bitumen

• MORTH letter No. RW/NH-34041/36/90-S&R(Vol. II) dated April 21, 1999 advised all States/UTs to use Modified Bitumen upto 10% for all works “as it has been proved by field trials that the life of the road increases by 1.5 times”.

• IRC released new Specifications vide publication No. IRC-SP:53:2002 FOR USE OF MODIFIED BITUMEN in road development activities in India.

• MORTH vide letter No. RW/NH-34041/36/90-S&R(Vol. II) dated 17, January 2000 requested all States to start using MODIFIED BITUMEN.

• MORTH letter No. RW/NH-34041/36/90-S&R(Vol. II) dated April 14, 2000 requested MOP&NG to start Modified Bitumen production at Refinery level.

Guidelines on use of Modified Bitumen

• MORTH vide their letter No. RW/NH-35072/1/2001-S&R( R ) dated June 21, 2001 has requested all States to encourage use of Modified Bitumen in view of its various advantages and improved performance over conventional Bitumen.

• MORTH vide their letter No. RW/NH-33041/3/2001-S&R dated June 13, 2002 has stated that “It has been decided that keeping in view its advantages, polymer/rubber modified bitumen may be adopted in surfacing for the whole length, subject to availability”.

CRMB Performance on Road

DEFORMATION OF SURFACE IN UNMODIFIED SECTION

PATCH WORK IN UNMODIFIED SECTION

POT HOLE IN KM-144 –UNMODIFIED

TRANSVERSE CRACKING –UNMODIFIED SECTION

A VIEW OF MODIFIED (CRMB) A VIEW OF MODIFIED (CRMB) SECTION SECTION

CLOSE-UP OF MODIFIED SURFACE

GOOD SURFACE CONDITION OF MODIFIED SECTION

GOOD SURFACE OF

MODIFIED BC

Tests on Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen

• Penetration

• Softening Point

• Elastic Recovery

• Thin Film Oven Test– Penetration– Softening Point– Elastic Recovery

Selection Criteria

Maximum Atmospheric Temperatures, oC

< 30 30 – 40 > 40

< (-15) CRMB 50 CRMB 55 CRMB 60

15 to (-15) CRMB 55 CRMB 55 CRMB 60

Min

imu

m

Atm

osp

her

ic

Tem

per

atu

res,

oC

> 15 CRMB 55 CRMB 60 CRMB 60

Recommended Handling Temperatures

Stage of Work Viscosity, Poise Temp. Range, OC

Binder at Mixing < 2 170 - 180

Mix at Mixing Plant < 4 145 - 165

Mix at Laying Site < 5 130 - 150

Rolling at Site 10 – 1,000 115 - 135

MB (CR) Economics – 30/40 Vs CRMB 60

BITUMEN CRMB DIFFERENTIAL

30/40 60 AMOUNT %

BASIC PRICE 11646.40 13954.80 (2308.40) (19.8)

LIFE SPAN 19798.88 13954.80 5844.08 29.5

(1.7 TIMES)

HANDLING OF CRMB • CRMB should ideally be used in hot

condition. • When supplied in drums, it shall be agitated

properly in melted condition for 10 - 15 minutes before use.

• Mixing & rolling temperature should be approx. 10OC higher than conventional temperature.

• Pneumatic tyre rollers should be avoided.

Field Trials Carried on CRMB

• NH-1 NEAR AMBALA

• SECUDERBAD-KUKATPALLI ROAD

• BLR-KANAKAPURA HIGHWAY

• NH-4,CHENNAI-BANGALORE ROAD

• NH-5,CHENNAI-CALCUTTA

• NH-8 at RAJIV CHOWK,NEAR GURGAON

• NH0-1 A at UDHAMPUR, JAMMU

• NH-25,LUCKNOW-JHANSI

• INNER RING ROAD, HYD

• INSIDE HRS CAMPUS,CHENNAI

Satisfied Clientele

• P W D - Maharashtra

• P W D - Madhya Pradesh

• Major Private Contractors in Maharashtra

• Ketan Constructions – Ahmedabad Vadodara Expressway

• Contractors in Orissa, A.P. & Gujarat.

BITUMEN EMULSIONS

EMULSIONS IN DAILY LIFE • MILK

• MEDICINES

• PAINTS

• ICE CREAM

BITUMEN EMULSIONS ??

• BITUMEN EMULSION = BITUMEN+ EMULSIFIER/ADDITIVES + WATER

• WATER = CONTINUOUS PHASE

• BITUMEN = DISEPERSED PHASE

• FREE FLOWING DARK BROWN LIQUID

EMULSIFICATION

• BITUMEN MILLED INTO FINE PARTICLES & HELD IN MOLECULAR SPACES OF WATER

• USE OF CORRECT EMULSIFIER / CHEMICALS FACILITATE PROPER EMULSIFICATION

EMULSION CONSUMPTIONIN INDIA

YEAR CONSUMPTIONIN MT

1995-96 180001996-97 280001997-98 400001998-99 500001999-00 600002000 -01 650002002-03 70000

PROJECTED DEMAND IN ‘000 MT

BITUMEN EMULSION

YEAR DEMAND DEMAND %

2002-03 2900 70 2.4

2003-04 3500 105 3.0

2004-05 4000 160 4.0

INTERNATIONAL NORM - 15% AVERAGE

WHY LOW CONSUMPTION IN INDIA ???

• QUALITY

• AWARENESS

• INCLUSION OF SPECS IN DSR

• GEOGRAPHICAL CONSTRAINTS

• MYTH OF EXPENSIVENESS

• NO MAJOR MANUFACTURER

TYPICAL USESOF EMULSIONS IN FRANCE

• TACK COAT 12 %• SURFACE DRESSING 40 %• PATCH WORK 15 %• GROUTING 13 %• OTHER 20 %

WHY USE EMULSIONS ??

• ECONOMY

• ALL WEATHER APPLICATION (IDEAL FOR MONSOON APPLN.)

• WORKER FRIENDLY

• ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY

• EFFICIENCY

TYPES OF EMULSIONS

• RAPID SETTING

• MEDIUM SETTING

• SLOW SETTING

APPLICATIONS

• POT HOLE REPAIRS• TACK COAT• PRIME COAT• SURFACE DRESSING• PREMIX / LIQUID SEAL COAT• 20 MM PREMIX CARPET• FOG SPRAY/FOG SEAL/SLURY SEAL

PACKAGING

• RECONDITIONED DRUMS

• NEW DRUMS

• BULK

FUTURE ENERGY SCENARIO

33.8

10.4

52.1

2.5

1.2

35.8

10.2

49.3

3.21.5

33.7

10.1

50.3

3.4

2.5

25

20

50

2

3

FY 2002 FY 2007 FY 2012 FY 2025

Share of Future Energy Supply (%)

Oil Gas Coal Hydel Nuclear

Gas to replace the demand for oil and is expected to constitute 20% of the energy supply by 2025

INITIATIVES BY GOVERNMENT

• GOVERNMENT’S VISION : TO CREATE ROAD NETWORK WHICH IS BEST IN THE WORLD.

• INITIATIVES : – LEVY OF Rs. 1 PER LTR. CESS ON DIESEL AND PETROL

EFFECTIVE 1999 FOR CENTRAL ROAD FUND ( $1.2 BILLION PER YEAR) PLUS FUNDING BY ADB / WB PLUS PRIVATE SECTOR

– SPECIFIC FUND ALLOCATION FOR NATIONAL HIGHWAYS, STATE HIGHWAYS, RAIL OVER BRIDGES, RURAL ROADS ETC.

– SPECIAL FINANCIAL INCENTIVES PACKAGE FOR TAXES AND DUTIES APPLICABLE FOR ROAD PROJECTS ANNOUNCED

– HIGH TRANSPARENCY AND FAST DECISIONS

FUNDING OF NHDP

Source of Funds RS CRORESCess on Petrol and Diesel       20,000External assistance       20,000Market borrowings       10,000Private Sector Participation        4,000Total Cost Rs.54,000 Crores

MAJOR CHANGES INDIAN ROAD SECTOR

• TILL 15 YEARS AGO - ROADS MADE BY STATE AND CONTRACTORS ONLY PROVIDED LABOUR / MACHINERY ETC.

• DURING 1990s GOVERNMENT INCLUDED MATERIAL PROCUREMENT IN CONTRACTOR’S SCOPE

• CHANGES FURTHER ACCELERATED BY MASSIVE INVESTMENTS PROPOSED IN ROAD SECTOR – 1998 ONWARDS

COTRACTS AWARD METHODOLOGYMAJOR OVERHAUL

• CHANGE FROM GOVT. SUPERVISED WORKS TO REWARD ORINETED EPC (ENGG, PLNG & CONSTRN) WITH PMC

• INCENTIVE FOR EARLY COMPLETION - 1% - 6% : DISINCENTIVE FOR DELAY

• SEPARATE O&M CONTRACTS FOR MAINTENANCE

• ANNUITY BASED PROJECTS INCLUDING MAINTENANCE EXPERIMENTED

NORMAL BITUMEN DEMAND ?

• INDIA’S ANNUAL BITUMEN DEMAND : 2800 TMT• PERIODICAL RENEWALS / M&R NORMALLY NOT

PER SCHEDULE • ADDITIONAL REQMT FOR NEW PROJECTS

TYPELENGTH KM

BITUMEN IN PLACE TMT

M&R / PR DEMAND TMT

National Highways 58112 11506 581State Highways 137119 12066 784Major District Roads 470000 10340 1175Village and Other 2650000 29150Total Length 3315231 63063 2540

Grades/Types of Bitumen

• PAVING BITUMEN : 80/100, 60/70, 30/40– Used in Road Construction worldwide.– Conforms to IS:73 of 1992.

• Industrial Bitumen– Conforms to IS:702 of 1988. – Harder grades. – Used in water proofing, cable insulation,

gunny bags, rubber industries, etc.– Not marketed by Oil Companies.

CLASSIFICATION OF BITUMEN EMULSION

• ANIONIC - BITUMEN PARTICLE HAS NEGATIVE CHARGE

• CATIONIC - BITUMEN PARTICLE HAS POSITIVE CHARGE

• CATIONIC EMULSION HAS REPLACED ANIONIC EMULSION WORLDWIDE IN ROAD APPLNS.

BREAKING

• ELECTROSTATIC ATTRACTION CAUSES BREAKING OF EMULSION

• BITUMEN +ve CHARGE

AGGREGATE -ve CHARGE

• RESULT : EXCELLENT BONDING / ANTISTRIPPING BETWEEN BITUMEN & AGGREGATE

ECONOMY

• NO HEATING COSTS

• REDUCED MANPOWER COST

• FASTER EXECUTION

• ECONOMICAL IN APPLICATIONS LIKE TACK COAT

ENVIRONMENT / SAFETY

• EMULSIONS RESPECT PEOPLE AND ENVIRONMENT

• NO SMOKE/POLLUTION

• CONSERVES WOOD/FUEL

• IDEAL FOR CITY APPLICATIONS

• WORKER FRIENDLY

MANUFACTURING

• IMPORTED PLANTS

• COLAS FORMULATIONS

• PROPRIETARY PROCESS

• IMPORTED RAW MATERIALS

QUALITY CONTROL

• SOPHISTICATED LABORATORY• PARAMETERS CHECKED

VISCOSITYBINDER CONTENTCOATING PROPERTY

SHELF LIFEPARTICLE

CHARGECOAGULATION

RESIDUE ON 600 MICRON IS SIEVE

BIS SPECS 8887-1995

• OBSOLETE SPECS “ 8887-1978” REVISED IN 1995

• MAJOR CHANGES MADE IN BINDER CONTENT, SHELF LIFE AND QUALITY CONTROL CHECKS.

• ALL HINCOL GRADES MEET OR EXCEED BIS 8887-1995 SPECS

MOST REV.SPEC -2000

APPLICATION OLD SPEC REVISED SPEC

TACK COAT CUTBACK/EMULSION EMULSION

PRME COAT CUTBACK/EMULSION EMULSION

SURFACE DRESSING BITUMEN/EMULSION BITUMEN/EMULSION

MAINTNANCE BITUMEN/EMULSION BITUMEN/EMULSION

SLURRY SEAL NO SPEC EMULSION

FOG SPRAY NO SPEC EMULSION

WHERE TO USE EMULSION?

• FOLLOW THE THUMB RULE.

• THUMB RULE IS BASED ON INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE AND ALSO AS PER MOST/ IRC SPECS.

‘RS’ - RAPID SETTINGAPPLICATIONS

• TACK COAT

• LIQUID SEAL COAT

• GROUTING

• SURFACE DRESSING

• PATCH WORK

‘MS’ - MEDIUM SETTING APPLICATIONS

• POTHOLE FILLING (PRE-MIX)

• PATCH WORK

• PRIME COAT

• TACK COAT

‘SS’ - SLOW SETTINGAPPLICATIONS

• PRIME COAT

• SLURRY SEAL

• PREMIX SEAL COAT

• FOG SPRAY/FOG SEAL

PRIME COAT

• OBJECTIVESPLUG CAPILLARY HOLESHARDENS / TOUGHENS BASE COURSE BONDS LOOSE PARTICLESASSISTS ADHESION WITH NEXT LAYER

• QUANTITIES RECOMMENDEDLOW POROSITY: SS TYPE 6-9 KG / 10SQMT MED. POROSITY : MS TYPE 9-12 KG / 10 SQMT HIGH POROSITY: MS TYPE 12-15 KG / 10SQMT

SURFACE DRESSING

• A THIN LAYER OF WEARING COURSE MADE OF SUPERIMPOSED LAYERS OF EMULSION AND METAL

• FUNCTIONS: 1. PROVIDING WEARING SURFACE

2. REHABILITATES WORN SURFACES 3. SHOULDERS ON A HIGHWAY 4. LOW VOLUME / LOAD OR REMOTE AREA ROADS

20 MM PREMIX CARPET

• WEARING COURSE FOR LOW VOLUME ROADS

• ECONOMICAL

• FASTER EXECUTION

• EMULSIONS OBVIOUS CHOICE PREPARING PRE-MIX ON THE SITE.

SEAL COAT

• PROVIDES A SEAL TO STOP WATER ENTRY INTO ROAD

• LIQUID SEAL COATRS TYPE 12-14 KG / 10 SQMT

ONLY EMULSIONS RECOMMENDED

• PREMIX SEAL COATSS TYPE 10 - 12 KG / 10 SQMT