Bipolar and Related DisordersDSM-V

Psychology

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1. Bipolar

• Divided into three categories:– Bipolar I– Bipolar II– Cyclothymia (mild form of

Bipolar)

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Bipolar Disorder

• A mood disorder involving high and low moods. Experience the swings b/w the ups of Mania and the downs of Major Depression.

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B.D.

• Manic episode occurs and then an episode of major depression.

• Manic: euphoric, energetic, talkative,

• Spend large amounts of money, etc.

• Typically, the person in the midst of a manic episode does not recognize what is happening to himself.

• Manic episodes can also include FLIGHT OF IDEAS

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Prevalence

• Onset of B.D. typically occurs in late teens or early 20s.

• Typically, B.D. tends to recur every couple of years.

• Genetic linked associated with bipolar cases.

• Professor Markus Nothen of the University of Bonn, Germany, explains, “There is no one gene that has a significant effect on the development of bipolar disorder. Many different genes are evidently involved and these genes work together with environmental factors in a complex way.”

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Evidence for Genetic Link (no need to copy)

• “ADCY2″ on chromosome five• “MIR2113-POU3F2″ on

chromosome six• “ANK3″ • “ODZ4″ • “TRANK1″

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Treatment for Bipolar

• 1. Mood StabilizersEx: Lithium

• 2. Atypical Antipsychotics• Originally disgned for

schizophrenia/psychotic disorders• More expensive drugs• Greater relief of symptoms• Greater side effects• Examples: Abilify

» Risperdel» Seroquel» Cloazril

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Treatment continues

• Side effects of Atypical Antipsychotics:– Signficant weight gain

• Risk factor for Type II Diabetes– Drownsiness

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Third treatment option

• 3. Psychotherapy and Self – Help Strategies

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2. Bipolar with Manic features

• Mood disorder involving extreme agitation, restlessness, rapid speech, and trouble concentrating.

• A Speech problem is the most notable part of this disorder.

(during an episode)

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Another important specifier for Bipolar with manic episodes• “Anxious Distress”: persons

exhibiting anxiety symptoms beyond the diagnostic criteria for a mood episode.– Tension or feeling wound up– Restlessness– Inability to concentrate– Feeling dread– Fear of losing control

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Speech problem

• Flight of Ideas: a confused state in which thoughts and speech go in all directions with no unifying concept.

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Example of Behavior for Mania Disorder

• They can get so excited that they begin to have delusions.

• Ex. Special powers or great influence.