Biotech Tutorial

4-Biotechnology in the

Philippines

Evelyn Mae Tecson-Mendoza, PhD

Member, National Academy of Science and Technology Philippines

Professor Emeritus, Institute of Plant Breeding, Crop Science Cluster, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Baños

Copyright EMTecsonMendoza 2004-2013

Policies & MilestonesPolicies & Milestones

� 1979 National Institutes of

Biotechnology and Applied

Microbiology established

by Presidential Decree

under Pres. Ferdinand E.

Marcos.Marcos.

Under the University of

the Philippines Los Baños,

with then Chancellor Emil

Q. Javier as concurrent

first Director.

Institute of Plant Breeding (IPB), Institute of Plant Breeding (IPB), Crop Science InstituteCollege of AgricultureUniversity of the Philippines Los Baños

IPB is a national institute mandated to improve and develop new varieties of crops and conduct needed researches to support breeding objectives; lead institution for plant biotechnology as per Seed Development Act of 1992

Biotechnology in the PhilippinesBiotechnology in the Philippines

� 1979 National Institute of Biotechnology and

Applied Microbiology established by PD

under Pres. FE Marcos

� 1986-1992 Biotechnology—flagship

program under Pres. CC Aquino

� 1990 EO 430 creating National Committee

on Biosafety of the Philippines (NCBP)

� 1992-1998 Biotechnology---major S & T

program under Pres. FV Ramos; UP Biotech

institutes established by UP Pres. EQ Javier

Biotechnology in the PhilippinesBiotechnology in the Philippines

� 1997 Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act included provision for biotechnology

� 2000 Institutionalization of biotechnology in government programs, Pres. JE Estrada

� 2001 Policy statement on modern biotechnology � 2001 Policy statement on modern biotechnology by Pres. GM Arroyo

� 2002 Administrative Order (AO) No. 8 Rules and Regulations for the Importation and Release into the Environment of Plants and Plant Products Derived from the Use of Modern Biotechnology

Pres. G M Arroyo’s Policy

Statement on Biotechnology

“We shall promote the safe and responsible use of modern biotechnology and its products as one of biotechnology and its products as one of several means to achieve and sustain food security, equitable access to health services, sustainable and safe environment and industry development…”

July 2001

Agriculture

• Improved crop varieties, mostly by conventional breeding; GM crops for selected traits are emerging technologies

• Tissue culture raised planting materials and

Biotechnology in the

Philippines

• Tissue culture raised planting materials and cut flowers

• Biopesticides, local formulations of Bt, Biocon

• Biofertilizers-- Nitroplus, legume inoculant; Azospirillum; Mycorrhiza, Nitroplus, Cocogroe, etc

• Animal improvement, embryo transfer (ET)

Biotechnology in the

Philippines

Animal health

• Vaccines, a few developed locally; mostly

imported

• Diagnostics, mostly imported• Diagnostics, mostly imported

Foods and Feeds

• Diagnostics for important pathogens

Industrial and other biotech products

• Industrial enzymes, potential technologies

• Amino acid production, mostly imported

Biotechnology in the

Philippines

• Amino acid production, mostly imported

• Specialty biomolecular chemicals, monoglycerides, nata de coco--- need product development

• Recovery of value-added products from wastes, mostly imported; local potential technologies

orchids

Prof. Emerita de

Guzman

Prof. Helen Valmayor

makapunoorchids

1960s

1980s Dr. RC Barba led research on banana tissue culture at IPB

Plant Biotechnology-BasedBioindustries in the Philippines

Tools

Equipment*

Computer softwares Biochemicals

Process/Techniques*

Various DNA analyses*; Tissue

Institute of Plant Breeding, CA, UPLB1975

Services

Products

Various DNA analyses*; Tissue

culture (disease-free mother plants, for initial seedlings)**

Diagnostics*Tissue cultured seedlings*** Transgenic crops Genes Pharmaceuticals*indicates relative

usage

Commercialization of Plant

Tissue Culture Technologies

� Orchids

� Banana� Davao Musatech (Stanfilco), largest in the

world; produces 23 M seedlings per yearworld; produces 23 M seedlings per year

� Dolefil has capacity to produce 6 M per year

� Lapanday

� Secura Plant Genetics

� Makapuno

� Sugarcane

Development of transgenic crops with improved traits difficult to attain using traditional breeding techniques is ongoing at UPLB and at PhilRice.

The research in the International Rice Research Institute

based in Los Baños, Laguna is not described herein.

We are testing our transgenic papayas with delayed ripening trait at IPB

AG

Sajis

e

ACIAR-DOST-IPB-UPLB

At

Field testing of bacterial blight resistant transgenic rice (IR 72-Xa21

•Cloned the coat protein gene of the rice tungro spherical virus (RSTV) and transformed IR 72; tested transgenic rice in screenhouse http://www.philrice.gov.ph

Philippine Rice Research Institute (Philrice) Is Field Philippine Rice Research Institute (Philrice) Is Field Testing Golden Rice With IRRI.Testing Golden Rice With IRRI.

One of the first commercial Bt corn fields in South

Cotabato (July 2003). The lady farmer-owner said

that she would plant the Bt corn hybrid again

because of the higher yield and corn borer-

resistance. The latter meant non or less use of

pesticides.

Foreign biotech products tested Foreign biotech products tested and adopted in the Philippinesand adopted in the Philippines

For propagation

� Single transformation events

◦ MON 810

◦ Corn NK603

◦ Corn GA21

◦ Corn Bt11

For direct use as food, feed or for processing

As of 2013

Single traits/events

� corn 16 potato 2

� Soybean 7 sugarbeet 1

More than 700,000 ha of GM corn planted in PHL

◦ Corn Bt11

◦ MON 89034

� Stacked traits

◦ Corn MON810xNK603

◦ Bt11xGA21

� Canola 1 alfalfa 1

� Cotton 3 rice 1

Stacked traits

� corn 26

� cotton 3

genomicsgenomics

study of genomics provides

� knowledge and

� information

On genome composition, gene expression, On genome composition, gene expression,

and metabolic processes.

Can accelerate improvement of breeds of

crops and animals through better

fundamental insights and strategies using

genomics tools

Philippine Genome ProgramPhilippine Genome Program

� UP Diliman

◦ NIMBB

� UP Manila

◦ IMBB◦ IMBB

◦ National Institutes of Health (NIH) UP Manila

� Genome sequence & diagnostics for TB, malaria

� UP Los Baños

◦ IBS, CAS

◦ IPB-CSC, CA

Agriculture Program of the Agriculture Program of the Philippine Genome Center Philippine Genome Center

AIM: ENHANCE AGRICULTURAL AIM: ENHANCE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH GENOMICS

LEAD AGENCY: UPLB

Drs. RP Laude, EM Tecson-Mendoza, AC Laurena, MS Mendioro, ETM Ocampo, MGQ Diaz, RN Garcia.

Program Title: Marker Assisted Breeding

for High Fiber Quality and Virus Disease

Resistant Cultivars of Abaca

Use of Genomics Tools in Use of Genomics Tools in Crop ImprovementCrop Improvement

Project Title: Abaca Functional

Genomics: High Throughput Discovery of

Genes and Molecular Markers

Construction and Analysis of Saba Expressed Sequence Construction and Analysis of Saba Expressed Sequence Tags (EST) Library and Functional Analysis of Selected Tags (EST) Library and Functional Analysis of Selected TraitsTraits

� To construct cDNA/EST libraries of Saba

� To analyze the generated ESTs;� To analyze the generated ESTs;

� To identify novel and economically important banana Saba genes.

L. G

uec

o, IP

B

Field genebank of Wild Musa balbisiana collections at NPGRL

L. G

uec

o, IP

B

Evelyn Mae Evelyn Mae TecsonTecson--Mendoza, Project LeaderMendoza, Project LeaderStudy Leaders: Roberta N. Garcia, Rita P. Laude, Study Leaders: Roberta N. Garcia, Rita P. Laude, LaverneeLavernee GuecoGueco, , VisitacionVisitacionHuelgasHuelgas:Funded by : DA Biotech PIU:Funded by : DA Biotech PIU

Development of DNA Markers for Genetic Development of DNA Markers for Genetic Diversity Analysis, Fingerprinting and Sex Diversity Analysis, Fingerprinting and Sex Determination of Pili (Determination of Pili (Canarium ovatumCanarium ovatum) )

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Roberta N. Garcia, Evelyn Mae Tecson-Mendoza and Leon O. Namuco

IPB, CA UPLBFunded by the Department of Agriculture

BAR BIOTECH

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