Biosynthesis of amino_acids
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Transcript of Biosynthesis of amino_acids
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Biosynthesis of Amino Acids
By
Prachee Rajput
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Overview
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Overview (cont)
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Biosynthetic Families
Metabolic Precursors Amino Acidsα-ketoglutarate
GlutamateGlutamineProlineArginine
3-Phophoglycerate SerineGlycine
Cysteine
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Biosynthetic Families (cont)
Metabolic Precursors Amino Acids
Oxaloacetate Aspartate, Asparagine
Methionine, Threonine,
Lysine
Pyruvate Alanine, Valine, Leucine
Isoleucine
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Biosynthetic Families (cont)
Metabolic Precursors Amino Acids
Phosphoenolpyruvate Tryptophan
and erythrose 4-phosphate Phenlyalanine
Tyrosine
Ribose 5-phophate Histidine
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α−Ketoglutarate Family
α−Ketoglutarate
Glutamate
Glutamine Proline Arginine
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α-Ketoglutamate to glutamate/glutamine
Glutamate + NH4+ + ATP
Glutamine synthetase
Glutamine + ADP + Pi + H+
α-Ketoglutamate + glutamine + NADPH + H+
Glutamate synthase 2 glutamate + NADP+
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α-Ketoglutamate to glutamate/glutamine
Net Reaction:
α-Ketoglutarate + NH4+ + NADPH + ATP
L-glutamate + NADP+ + ADP + Pi
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α−Ketoglutarate Family
α−Ketoglutarate
Glutamate
Glutamine Proline Arginine
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Synthesis of Proline
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Synthesis of Arginine
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Synthesis of Arginine
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3-Phosphoglycerate Family
3-Phosphoglycerate
Serine
Glycine Cysteine
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Synthesis of Serine and Glycine
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Synthesis of Cysteine
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Oxoloacetate Family
Oxaloacetate
Aspartate
Asparagine Methionine Lysine Threonine
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Synthesis of Aspartate and Asparagine
Oxaloacetate AspartateTransamination from glutamate Amidation with
Glutamine donatingNH4
+
Asparagine
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Synthesis of Lysine, Methionine, and Threonine
• See handout
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Pyruvate Family
Pyruvate
Alanine Valine Leucine Isoleucine
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Synthesis of Alanine
Pyruvate AlanineTransamination from glutamate
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Synthesis of Isoleucine, Valine,and Leucine
• See handout
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Phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose 4-phosphate Family
Phosphoenolpyruvate +
erythrose 4-phosphate
Chorismate
Tryptophan Tyrosine Phenylalanine
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Synthesis of Chorismate
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Synthesis of Tryptophan
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Synthesis of Tyrosine and Phenylalanine
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Synthesis of Tyrosine and Phenylalanine (cont)
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Biosynthesis of Histidine
• See handout
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Possible Test Questions
1) Provide the 6 metabolic precursors and the amino acids which they lead to.
2) Duplicate the Amino Acid Synthesis Overview Flow Chart. Expand the sections need to show the synthesis of Glutamate, Glutamine, Proline, Arginine, Serine, Cysteine, Glycine, and starting from Chorismate Tryptophan, Tyrosine and Phenylalanine. (40 points!!)