Biosolids and Watershed Management Activities David Taylor 608-222-1201, ext. 276.
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Transcript of Biosolids and Watershed Management Activities David Taylor 608-222-1201, ext. 276.
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Biosolids and Watershed Management Activities
David Taylor
608-222-1201, ext. 276
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Overview-Biosolids
Biosolids statistics-national & state
Regulatory framework
Trends/emerging issues
Madison experience
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Overview-Watershed Management
Phosphorus water quality criteria
Water quality trading
Pharmaceuticals and trace organics
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Biosolids Production-National
Dry Tons (million)
2000 7.1
2005 7.6
2010 8.2
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Practice % of Facilities % Mass
Land app/D&M 98 78
Incinerate 0.5 10
Landfill 1.5 12
Wisconsin Statistics
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National Regulation
40 CFR Part 503
Risk Based
Land application, incineration and landfilling
3 Rounds of rulemaking activities
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14 Land Application Exposure Pathways Considered by EPA
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Part 503-Round 1Round 19 metalsRecordkeeping and management practices
Round 2Dioxin and dioxin like compounds
Round 3Metals, nutrients, PPCP’s, bacteria
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State Regulations Typically build upon federal
framework
Site inspection/approval Management practices Storage Monitoring/recordkeeping/reporting
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Trends & emerging issues Phosphorus management Resource recovery EDC’s and PPCP’s Improved analytical capabilities Regrowth and/or reactivation of
fecal coliform bacteria
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Trends & emerging issues Public perception and restrictive
ordinances
Resource recovery
Class A vs. Class B
Environmental management systems?
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MMSD Biosolids Management 100% beneficial
reuse
Dual programsMetrogroMetroMix
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The Metrogro Program 30 year history
Agricultural land application
Class B biosolids
National model
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Metrogro Quick Facts Privately owned farmland
Land base-67,000 acres
Apply to 5,000 acres annually
17 mile average haul distance
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Metrogro Quick Facts 40 MGY (9,000 dry tons)
Subsurface injection
N-based application rates
Voluntary measures to address P
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A “seasonal” program
Metrogro Hauling Distribution-2008
0
5
10
15
20
25
30Ja
n
Feb
Mar Apr
May Jun
July
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
% o
f tot
al
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Site Selection and Approval
Soil conditions Slope Setbacks DNR tracking
number#
RnB
PnBTrB
PnA
RnC2
PnBPnB
RoC2RoC2
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Monitoring Baseline regulatory requirements
Nutrients, metals, solids, fecal coliform, PCBs, priority pollutants
Additional efforts Organics (dioxins and “dioxin like
compounds”) Radionuclides PPCP’s Private well water monitoring
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Future Direction Continued 100%
beneficial reuse
Dual programsMetrogroMetroMix
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MetroMix
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MetroMix
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Struvite Harvesting Mg(NH4)PO4·6H2O
Builds up inside pipes
Harvesting = controlled precipitation
Reduces biosolids P by 40%
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Watershed Management Issues
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Current Issues Statewide water
quality criterion for phosphorus/TMDLs
Watershed Based Trading
How to effectively address non-point
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Current Issues
Water quantity and balancing
Effluent reuse (co-gen facility)
Pharmaceuticals & trace organics
Carbon footprint UW Campus Co-Gen Facility
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Initial DNR Regulationsto Address Phosphorus
NR 217-Effluent Standards and Limitations (1992)
Established phosphorus effluent limitations for point sources
1 mg/l with provisions for an alternative limit
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Recent DNR Rule Revisions to Further Regulate Phosphorus
Adopted by NRB in June, 2010.
NR 102-Establishes numeric water quality criteria for phosphorus.
NR 151-Establishes new nonpoint source controls including new agricultural performance standards.
NR 217-Establishes a framework for implementing the new phosphorus water quality criteria for point sources.
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MMSD PhosphorusReductions Under NR 217
Pre NR 217 effluent conc. 4.0 mg/l
NR 217 effluent limit 1.5 mg/l
(Biological P removal) (63% reduction)
Average effluent conc. 0.34 mg/l(2006-2010) (92% reduction)
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Estimated BFC Phosphorus Effluent Limits
(Based on Draft Rock River TMDL)
Conc. 0.17 mg/l
Mass 21,400 lbs/yr
Requires a TP mass reduction of 21,600 lbs/year to BFC
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Estimated Cost to Achieve 0.15 mg/l TP
With Brick and Mortar Addition to WWTP
Capital cost(1): $85,000,000
20 year PW cost(1): $95,000,000
Cost/lb for TP removal over 20 years(2) $170
Cost/lb range (+/- 30%) $120-$220
(1) Planning level cost estimate prepared by Malcolm Pirnie(2) Based on design flow
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Pharmaceuticals U.S.-4 billion prescriptions filled/yr
1/3 unused (200 million lbs/yr)
Non prescription drugs?
Agricultural-estimates vary widely (18-30 million lbs of antibiotics/yr?)
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AP investigation: Pharmaceuticals found in drinking water
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MedDropThe Dane County Program
Volunteer led effort No formal structure $5K-$10K per event 6 collection events
held to date Grants, MPSC funds,
in-kind contributions
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June 2010 Event
half day event 3 collection sites 2,400 vehicles 5,600 lbs of
pharmaceuticals collected
630 lbs controlled substances
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MedDrop User Surveys
How would you have disposed of the unused Meds otherwise?
Kept them: 48%Trash: 29%Flushed them: 14%Other: 9%
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“Take Home” PointsBiosolids
Management
Land application most common practice nationally
Well regulated
Phosphorus and PPCPs are important emerging issues
Watershed Management
Phosphorus /TMDLs
Watershed based trading
Addressing non-point
PPCPs