Biorefineries Existing initiatives in The Netherlands
Transcript of Biorefineries Existing initiatives in The Netherlands
Integrated Biorefinery Workshop / ETP Task Force, Ghent, 7 June 2007 1
Biorefineries
Existing initiatives in The Netherlands
René van Ree / Ruud Weusthuis
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Content
1. Background- biomass-related policy goals and LT Vision
- role and general scheme biorefineries
2. Programmatic co-operation ECN-WUR “Bio2Value”
3. Dutch knowledge network on biorefineries“Biorefinery.nl”
4. Projects related towards Biorefineries with Dutch participation
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1. Background1.1 Biomass use in The Netherlands [PJth, a.f.f.u.]
Maximally achievable in 20102
Estimation for 20051
120 (3-4% total)about 60 (=1.8% total)Total
23 (5.75%)< 2Biofuels for transport
1711.7CHP comb./gasification
54-6CHP – digestion
11.6Landfill gas
1811.5Domestic waste comb.
5629Direct/indirect cofiring
1Statusdocument Bioenergie 2005, SenterNovem, 161105; 2Ecofys DEN-project 2004
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• 20% Renewable Energy in 2020 [EU]
• Biofuels for transport: 2% 2005, 5.75% 2010, 10% 2020 [EU] (25% 2030) [vision EU TPB]
Substitution of 30% of the fossil fuel use in the Dutch economy – both as fuel and raw material–
by biomass in 2030 [PGG]
Biomass has to be used in a variety of the market sectors of the Dutch economy !!!
1. Background1.2 Biomass-related Policy Goals and LT Vision
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1. Background1.3 Biomass-related LT Vision
1018517 (SNG!)Heat
1420325Power
1114025 (R&D >)Chemicals, materials
2432460 (very opt.)Biofuels for transport
CO2-em.red. [MT/a]
[PJth, affu]FF substitution
[%]
Application
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1. Background1.4 Role biorefineries
Current production costs of biomass-derived products are
generally too high to be market competitive without
governmental support
Biomass is expected to play a major role in greening the Dutch economy
Biomass-derived products will be applied in a variety of market sectors
Domestic biomass contractability covers less
than half of the future needs;the larger part of the biomass or biomass-based products
has to be imported (relatively high costs)
Development and deployment of high-efficiency Biorefineries unavoidable
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1. Background– 1.5 General scheme biorefinery
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2. Biorefinery-related activities within the Netherlands (and with Dutchparticipation)
• Networking and co-operation activities
• RTD activities
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Networking and co-operation activities
Programmatic biorefinery-based co-operation
Upstream and (bio)chemical
expertise
Downstream and (thermo)chemical
expertise
Dutch Knowledge Network on Biorefinery
www.bio2value.nl
IEA BioenergyTask 42 on
Biorefineries
National and EU-funded
projects
www.biorefinery.nl
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Dutch knowledge network on biorefineries“www.Biorefinery.nl”
A close co-operation of different stakeholders (industry, universities, institutes, NGOs, GOs) with a broad variety of disciplines working together in research,
development and demonstration of (innovative) biorefinery concepts for implementation in the Dutch economy and abroad
• Knowledge import and dissemination (www.biorefinery.nl, newsletters, national workshops, …)
• Definition of a national Biorefinery Visionwithin an European and global framework (first half of 2007)
• Develop a Technology Roadmap, incl. SRA and Technology Deployment Plan (second half of 2007)
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IEA Bioenergy Task 42 on Biorefineries
Partners: Austria, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, EU
Observers: Finland, Sweden, Ireland
Task 31Sustainable
forestry
Task 40Sustainable international
biomass trade
Task 32Biomass cofiring
Task 33Thermal
gasification of biomass
Task 34Pyrolysis
of biomass
Task 29Socio-
economic drivers
Task 38Greenhouse
gas balances
Task 41System analysis
Task 42 Biorefineries
national RD&D
programmes
international RD&D
programmes
EU Technology Platforms
Task 30SRC
Task 39Liquid fuels
from biomass
Task 37Energy from
Biogas
Why a new Task?New integrated technologies
Complicated organisation
Co-operation between stakeholders different sectors necessary
Info: www.biorefinery.nl
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IEA Bioenergy Task 42 on Biorefineries
1.1. Preparation of a Preparation of a common definitioncommon definitionon Biorefineries, incl. a clear and on Biorefineries, incl. a clear and widely accepted widely accepted classification systemclassification system
2.2. Get a better insight in the current processing potential of exiGet a better insight in the current processing potential of existing sting biorefineries in participating countriesbiorefineries in participating countries
3.3. Assessment of biorefinery (related) RD&DAssessment of biorefinery (related) RD&D--programmesprogrammesin participating in participating countries to help national governments to define their own countries to help national governments to define their own biorefinery policy goals and related RD&Dbiorefinery policy goals and related RD&D--programmesprogrammes
4.4. Prove the advantages of biorefinery concepts over more conventiProve the advantages of biorefinery concepts over more conventional onal single product processes by assessment and comparison of their single product processes by assessment and comparison of their financialfinancial--economic and ecological chain aspects economic and ecological chain aspects
Activities 2007 - 2009
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IEA Bioenergy Task 42 on Biorefineries
6.6. Provide a stakeholder platform to discuss biorefinery topics, tProvide a stakeholder platform to discuss biorefinery topics, to foster o foster necessary RD&Dnecessary RD&D--trajectories, and to accelerate the deployment of trajectories, and to accelerate the deployment of technologies developedtechnologies developed
7.7. Identification of the most promising addedIdentification of the most promising added--value chemicals to be covalue chemicals to be co--produced with secondary energy carriers to optimise overall procproduced with secondary energy carriers to optimise overall process ess economics and minimise overall environmental impacteconomics and minimise overall environmental impact
8.8. CoCo--operation with ongoing national and international activities andoperation with ongoing national and international activities andprogrammes, i.e. other IEA Tasks and EUTPsprogrammes, i.e. other IEA Tasks and EUTPs
9.9. Dissemination of knowledge, including teaching aspects, to makeDissemination of knowledge, including teaching aspects, to makestudents familiar with the integral concept thinking of biorefinstudents familiar with the integral concept thinking of biorefineries eries
Activities 2007 - 2009
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IEA Bioenergy Task 42 on Biorefineries
Definition (concept for approval)
Biorefinery is the sustainable processing of biomass into a spectrum of marketable products
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IEA Bioenergy Task 42 on Biorefineries
Definition (concept for approval)
Biorefinery is the sustainable processing of biomass into a spectrum of marketable products
Biorefinery: concepts, facilities, plants, processes, cluster of industries
Sustainable: maximising economics and minimising negative environmental aspects; fossil fuel replacement
Processing: upstream processing, transformation, fractionation, thermochemical conversion, (bio)chemical conversion, extraction, separation, downstream processing
Biomass: crops, agroresidues, forest residues, organic residues, aquatic (marine) biomass
Spectrum: more than one
Marketable products: both intermediate and final products; i.e. food, feed, chemicals, materials, fuels, power, heat
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RTD activitiesA variety of national RTD projects within the fields of:
- Biomass decomposition/hydrolysis -> C5, C6, lignin - Advanced fermentation (ethanol, butanol, …) - Primary refinery: grass, sugar beet leaves, oil crops, …- Thermo-chemical biorefinery: staged degasifcation, advanced pyrolysis, HTU, syngas platform - Marine biorefinery (algae, seeweeds) - C5 to chemicals, lignin to chemicals - (Co-) Production of functionalised (O/N containing) chemicals - Upgrading of DDGS, digestate, glycerol, …- Development of separation technologies - Development of catalytic upgrading processes - Full TEE chain assessments, incl. LCA …
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EU IP BIOSYNERGY (1)BIOmass for the market competitive and environmentally
friendly SYNthesis of bioproducts – chemicals and/or materials – together with the production of secondary
enERGY carriers – transportation fuels, power and/or CHP –through the biorefinery approach
(Bio)chemical and thermo-chemical pathways are combined. Process development from lab-scale to demonstration at pilot-scale.
Partners: ECN (NL), Greencell (ES), Cepsa (ES), DOW (NL), VTT (FIN), Aston (UK), WUR-A&F (NL), ARD (F), IFP (F), CRES (GR), BTG (NL), JR (AT), Bioref (D), GIG (P), JRC (B), Chimar (GR), TUD (NL)
Duration: 2006 – 2010 (four years), Budget: 13 M€ (grant: 7 M€)
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EU IP BIOSYNERGY (2)
Advanced cellulosic bioethanol production plant: straw -> 5 Ml/a cellulosic ethanol
Existing conventional bioethanol production plant of Greencell in Salamanca (ES): cereals -> 295 Ml/a bioethanol, DDGS, CHP
Base-case
BIOSYNERGY Maximising the overall plant economics by the co-production of chemicals with
cellulosic ethanol
Lab-scale development and pilot-scale demonstration advanced physical/chemical fractionation, thermo-chemical conversion, biochemical and
chemical conversion and synthesis technologies. Integral chain ass./optimisation
Conceptual design integrated Biorefinery facility for Greencell
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EU SSP BIOPOL
Assessment of BIO refinery concepts and the implications for agricultural and forestry
POLicy
Partners: WUR-A&F (NL), Biopos e.V. (D), Imperial College (UK), Lund University (S), EC-BREC (PL), ECN (NL), University Weihenstephan (D), Technical University of Athens (GR)
Duration: 2007 – 2008 (two years)
Budget: about € 700,000 (grant: about: € 550,000)
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EU IP Ecobinders (2005-2008)ECOBINDERS aims to develop new sustainable processes
and products using furan and/or lignin based binders for high added-value, environmentally friendly products and
services in SME intensive industries. These binders will be used in conjunction with natural fibres and are inherently non-toxic, environmentally friendly, emission-free and
water-resistant. Furthermore, a reduction of CO2 emission will be established. Further information is available at
www.ecobinders.net
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Jatropha curcas utilization (Dutch/Indonesia KNAW project 2006-2009)
The proposed program aims to research the potential exploitation and valorisation of the full tree by application of the biorefinery concept. Including:
• Economic and socio-economic analysis, and, definition of the optimum cultivation and production configurations,
• Optimisation of the oil extraction process and process/product development to obtain consistent and high quality fuel oils,
• Research and development of new technology to derive a new type of bio-diesel without the need to convert the PPO into bio-diesel (i.e. without conversion to ethanol or methanol esters),
• Chemical modification of PPO into new bulk and specialty chemicals, • Exploration of the plant constituents to develop new pharmaceutical products, • Oil extraction and detoxification by the use of a fungus, • Microbial treatment of the seed residue (primarily proteins) for energy and feed
production, • Non-food valorisation of bio-refinery waste streams. • The development of efficient direct somatic embryogenesis of the Jatropha curcas
plant
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Sumitted for FP7
• CSA BIOREF-INTEG: integration of biorefineries into existing industrial infrastructures
• MC ITN on Biorefineries (a.o. 20 PHDs)
• BIOLATIN: biofuels in Latin America
• Green Biorefinery (ERANET)
• …… on natural rubber substitute
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Thank you for your attention !!!
Information
www.Biorefinery.nl
www.Bio2Value.nl
www.Biosynergy.eu
www.ecn.nl
www.biobasedproducts.nl
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Thermo-chemical biorefinery concept of ECN
Gasification
CO2 removal Tar removal ”OLGA” unit
Combined Cycle
H2O
CO2 Syngas
Transportation fuels • Fischer-Tropsch diesel • MeOH • Hydrogen
Electricity & Heat
Torrefaction
Chemicals • acids • solvents
Chemical industry, sequestering, oil industry (EOR), greenhouses CO2
Aqueous scrubber
Fertiliser (NH4)2SO4
Impregnating reagent heavy tars
Solvents • benzene • toluene • xylenes
Fine chemicals light tars
Product Gas • H2 • CO • CO2 • H2O • CH4 • C2H2 & C2H4 • BTX • light tars • heavy tars • NH3
Cryogenic distillation
Base chemicals • acetylene (C 2H2) • ethylene (C 2H4)
Gaseous fuel CH4 / SNG
Fertiliser minerals (ash)
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The staged catalytic biomass conversion process scheme
2 28-10-2005
Staged (catalytic) biomass degasification
Torrefaction area
180-290°C
Catalyst?
Pyrolysis area
290-600°C
Catalyst?
Gasification area
> 600°C
Catalyst?
Crude Crude Crude
Product separation and upgrading
Biomass
Base / Platform chemicals
Fuels Power Heat
Integrated Biorefinery Workshop / ETP Task Force, Ghent, 7 June 2007 27Sanders, 2004
Compositionof Grass
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Pilot biorefinery line Foxhol (Groningen) (Prograss Consortium)
Green grass proteincompound feed
white grass proteinGrass protein (products)
+ .....
compound feed
Grass juice concentrate
Ethanol
Potting soil
Construction material+ paper
Polymer extrusion products
FibersGrass juice Fibers
Protein