Bioprospecting Economy at a glance€¦ · BIOPROSPECTING ECONOMY • Despite South Africa having...
Transcript of Bioprospecting Economy at a glance€¦ · BIOPROSPECTING ECONOMY • Despite South Africa having...
Bioprospecting Economy at a glance
Biodiversity and Conservation
Preshanthie Naicker-Manick
Trade
TransformationResearch &
Development
Sustainable Use
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Sustainable Livelihoods
Benefit-Sharing
Policy & Legislation
Biodiversity
Value Chains & Supply Chains
Trans-boundary
Equity & Access
Infrastructure
Entrepreneurship
Partnerships
Incentives
Advocacy
Bioprospecting
• Bioprospecting sub-sector encompasses organisations and people
that are:– Research, development, or application of IBGR for commercial or
industrial exploitation, which includes,
• systematic search, collection and making extraction from IBGR.
• Traditional use of or discovery about IBGR
• Modification of traditional use or discovery on IBGR
• Export, trade of IBGR for purposes of development of products.
Bioprospecting Sector Value Chain
• Resource
Segment: 2000-
2800 tons pa =
R57 million
• Biotrade
Segment: R482
million (R322
(exported +
R160 VAP)
• Value added
Products:
R1.47 million:
Researchers
Cultivation
Domestic Retail Sales
(Value added products):
Personal hygiene productsCosmeticsOilsFood flavouringsComplimentarymedicines
Export Sales
Resource segment Biotrade segment Final market segment
Traditional market
Form
al m
arke
tIn
form
al m
arke
t
NGOs
Wild harvesting
Biotrading
Harvesters
Farmers
Harvesters
Category 1&2 traders
Category 3 traders
Species Estimated jobs created Production (tonnes)/R Reference
Buchu 1 000 500 tonnes per annum
(Williams, 2005)
The Western Cape Trade
and Investment Promotion
Agency (2006)
Honeybush Production/ Planting = 60 - 100
Wild Harvesting = 50
Plantation Harvesting =100-150
First level processors =67
Second level processors=6
Tertiary level processors = 80
Retail packaging plants = 105
Distribution, marketing and export = 18
Research =39
Maintenance = 30
130 tonnes (2010) DAFF (2011)
Honeybush Plantation = 5 - 10 per hectare per day
(usually 2-3 days)
30 – 100kg per person
per day
Rooibos 5000 (in 2003) 9 500 Trade and Investment
South Africa (2004)
Rooibos 5000 14,000 tonnes in 2007/
R500 mill per year
DAFF (2011)
Essential
Oils
2306 (all oils) 6300 tonnes (oil
indigenous)
FRIDGE (2004)
BIOPROSPECTING/BIOTRADE IN RSA• 88 organizations with bioprospecting products ~ 601 products
• 207 species potentially used in bioprospecting
• Top three resource account for 50% of the products and
includes products containing:
• Aloe ferox (Bitter aloe)
• Aspalathus species (Rooibos)
• Pelargonium sidoides
• Largest exporters of products containing natural ingredients
are China, India, USA, Germany and Argentina.
• These countries produce 45 % of the biotraded products
globally, whilst RSA contributes 0.4 % of global contribution.
BIOPROSPECTING/BIOTRADE IN RSA
Resource: Aloe ferox
• Mostly wild harvested
• In 1996, estimated rural industry supported by
wild harvested A. ferox = R4million per annum
• In 2006, this figure was adjusted to R8-9 million
per annum
• If growth in the industry is added = R12-15 million
per annum
Projected growth of the Biotrade Segment
The low growth scenario projected here assumes the historical average of 6.0% annual growth is maintained. The high projection assumes a 20% per year growth, which is based on the international industry growth over the period 2001-2011
R 0
R 2 000
R 4 000
R 6 000
R 8 000
R 10 000
R 12 000
R 14 000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
R'M
illio
n
Actual Output (Projection - BAU) Output (Projection - High) Output (Projection - NBES Minimum)
BIOPROSPECTING ECONOMY• Despite South Africa having an incredibly rich diversity of genetic and
biological resources the biodiversity economy of the country remains
unrecognised, underdeveloped and largely untransformed.
• Sustainable use of these resources does and can in future provide
the backbone of many local economies and livelihoods in the country,
providing life-support system for many people and communities.
• The bioprospecting sub-sectors of the biodiversity economy have
already demonstrated potential for significant future development and
growth in the country.
BES Vision & MissionVision: Optimised economic benefits from the sustainable use of South Africa’s biodiversity.
Mission: is to enhance and create new and inclusive opportunitiesfor economic growth through biodiversity based initiatives.
Scope: Has the scope of Leadership, Coordination andTransformation of the Bioprospecting and Wildlife industries.
BES GoalBy 2030, the South Africa’s biodiversity economy will achieve aninclusive average annualised GDP growth rate of 10% per annum.
Goal Focus: 18 Biodiversity Economy transformation nodes (rural and urban)
Bioprospecting Industry TargetsBioprospecting Sector Expansion: Grow cultivation of bioprospectingingredients by at least 500 hectare per annum. At least triple the numberof RSA products in domestic & international markets.
Jobs: 30-50% of RSA bioprospecting products must have communityparticipation in the supply chain.
Equity: R250 mil product development and sales from SMME and R250mil on fixed assets and infrastructure resulting in improved income, skillsdevelopment, institutional capacity building, entrepreneurship and foodand environmental security.
Sustainable Use: Establish a National Repository of natural productcompounds, Biodiversity Market Bank.
Overview of Transformative Enabling Interventions (TEI’s)
Lead collective ownership Regulatory optimisation
In the context of environmental sustainability
Permitting, standards, Other Institutional / organisational
architecture Develop an effective and efficient
government supporting institution for both industries
Enhance R & D Attract investment and access to finance
Private investment Government investment
Promoting exports / foreign income Domestic markets International markets
Enhancing education and skills development Training Research support Part of school curriculum
Facilitating technology exchange and innovation
Fostering and supporting Entrepreneurship Marketing and Public Relations Economic Transformation Initiative
Formalise and cost a community wildlife industry development planLand reform modelsDevelop a Charter and BBBEE scorecard
Advocacy for both industries
BES PrinciplesBased on the NDP objectives, BES seeks to addresstransformation imperatives through the following principles:
• Conservation of biodiversity and ecological infrastructure
• Sustainable use of indigenous resources
• Fair and equitable benefit-sharing
• Socio-economic sustainability
• Incentive driven compliance to regulation
• Ethical practices
• Improving quality and standards of products
Legislative environment underpinning BES
ENVIORNMENTAL NATIONAL POLICY
ENVIRONMENTAL LAW
South African Constitution
(Section 24; South Africa, 1996)
National Environmental Management Act
(Act no. 107 of 1998)
National Environmental
Management: Biodiversity Act
(Act No. 10 of 2004)
National Environmental
Management: Protected
Areas Act
(Act No. 57 of 2003)
White Paper on the Conservation
and Sustainable Use of South
Africa’s Biological Diversity
(DEAT, 1997) White Paper on
Environmental Management
policy for South Africa
(DEAT, 1998)
IP POLICY
IP LAW
AGRICULATURAL
POLICY
AGRICULTURAL LAW
IKS Policy
(dti, 2004)
IKS Policy
(dti, 2004)
White Paper on
Agriculture
(DoA, 1995)
Marketing of
Agricultural
Products Act,
(Act No. of
1996)
Meat Safety
Act
(ACT No. 40
of 2000)
Provincial ordinances
NATIONAL BIODIVERISTY ECONOMY STRATEGY
Nagoya Protocol on ABS
Roles of different stakeholdersGovernment sectors – strategic oversight
Investors and private sector -commercialisation and economic development
Communities – implementation and economic development
Government departments (national and provincial
Conservation agencies
• Policy development and advocacy
• Facilitate and coordinate implementation
• Support and regulate compliance, enforcement and monitoring
• Develop best practice guidelines
Business Banks
Supporting sectors –implementation support
Academic institutions
Research councils
NGOsPPPs
Communities
CBOs
Cooperatives
• Generate knowledge and new technologies
• Demonstrate and pilot new technology
• Skills transfer, education • Capacity building• Develop new processes and
products• Community and private
sector engagement• Support implementation
• Commercialise new technology
• Skills transfer, education• Capacity building• Job creation• Develop new products• Develop new markets• Support communities and
SMMEs• Develop new SMMEs• Resource protection and
sustainable use
• Beneficiation• Job creation• SMME development• Resource protection and
sustainable use
Entrepreneurs Entrepreneurs
Markets MarketsVenture capitalist
Local government