05/01/2023

Bioprocess Technology

Dr.D.Surendra Nadh Benarji M.Sc, M.Phil, Ph.D (Biotechnology)

E-Mail: dsnbenerji@gmail.com Mobile: +91 9247407189 Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, Guntur Andhra Pradesh, India

05/01/2023

Sewage Treatment

Sewage Treatment Biological

Chemical

Physical Filters, CentrifugationRadiation

Spirulina, LactobacillusBiopolymer (Chitosan)

Enzymes,

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Bread Production

Yeast Culture

Malt of Yeast Cells

Bread BakingBread with cheese

MaltingYeast Cell’s

SCP

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Cheese Production

Heat milk at 85 oC

Allow milk to cool at 24

oC

Add starter culture(Lactic acid Bacteria) Add Rennet

Milk Coagulation

(4 h)

Place the curd in

cheese cloth

Separate the Whey from the curd

Dry the CurdAnd

Add NaCl

Cut the curdInto pieces

Store the curd

Cut the curdInto pieces Cheese

Lactic acid Cheese

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Penicillin Production

Penicillin notatumPenicillin chrysogenum

Penicillin Biosynthesis

Penicillin G: R Variable chain

Alexander Fleming

Valine Cysteine

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Vitamin B12 Production

Streptomyces griseus

Culture

Purification

Crys

talliz

ation

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Biogas Production

Animal Dung

Anaerobic Digestion

By Methanogens

Methane

UtilityGreen HouseGreen Globe

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Bio-Fertilizers

Industrial WasteBiomassDomestic waste

Animal Waste

Fertilizer

Earthworm

Biofertilizers - Vermi Compost

Nitrogen Fixation

Symbiotic Asymbiotic

In Vivo

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Biodiesel Production

Aspergillus niger

Lipol

ytic e

nzym

es

Biofuel Production

GasoholMotor VehiclesEcofriendlyCarbon dioxide

And Carbon monoxide free

CarbohydratesEthanol

YeastPetrol GasoholSugar Cane

Molasses

Green House

Invertase

Zymase

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Insulin Production (Hormone)

3’5’

5’3’

A Chain

B ChainChimera-A Chimera-B

C

N C

N

Insulin

Insertion

Hybrid-BHybrid-A

Clones-BClones-A

Culture

Isolation

Insulin-A chain Insulin-A chain

In-Vitro

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Growth Hormone Production

5’3’Growth

HormoneGene Chimera

N C

Insertion

Hybrid

Clones

Culture

Isolation

Growth Hormone

polypeptide

E.coli

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5’3’

INTEFERONGene

Chimera

N C

Insertion

Hybrid

Clones

Culture

Isolation

Interferon(Glycoprotein)

Interferon Production- Antiviral Protein

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DNA Amplification-(PCR)

Melting at 94 oC

3’5’

5’3’

Denaturation

5’3’

3’5’

Annealing Primers at

50 oC

5’

5’

5’3’

3’5’

Extension72 oC

5’3’

3’5’

5’3’

3’5’

DNA Copies

Double Stranded

DNA

Melting - SSB Protein, Helicase , Topoisomerase

Primer – Primase

Polymerization - TaqDNA Polymerase, Mg, ATP’s

DNA Ligation - DNA Ligase

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Transgenic Plants

Tissue culture

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Protein Engineering

Vector

YFG-DNA Chimera

Proteins

CloneClones

Isolation of Desired DNA

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Anti-Venom

Snake Venom

Snake

Serum

AntiserumAnti Venom

Horse

Extraction

Stored at 20 oC

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Molecular Farming

Microinjection

Blastula

MorulaAnimals

DNA Chimera

MILKANTISERA

Metabolic Engineering

Metabolic Engineering

TNF

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Cybrid Technology

Live Stock Production

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Monoclonal Antibody Production

Oil

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Toxoid Production

Bacteria BacteriaCulture

Toxin Toxoid

Extraction

FormaldehydeTreatment

Purification

Toxoid

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Gene Therapy

DNA Removal of Defective DNA

YFG@DNA

InsertionDisease FreeHuman

Adenosine De-aminase

Increase Immunity

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Edible Vaccines

Agrobacterium mediated gene

transfer

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DNA Vaccines

Vaccination

Plasmid

Insertion

Clone AntibioticResistant

Culture

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Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

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Molecular Labeling- A Method

DNA

P32

DNA Analysis

Protein

S35

Protein Analysis

Organic Molecule

Organic Molecule

OrganicMolecule Analysis

C14

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Molecular Mechanism's of Biosystem

DNA Replication

Splicing

Gene Expression

Methylation

Hybridization

Ligation

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Human Genome Project

Karyotype

MALE FEMALE

DNA

MetabolomicsGenomics

Proteomics

Disease Free Human

TTGACA

TATAAT

Unwind DNA

Initiate Transcription

Promoter

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In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

(1). Micro injection of DNA into egg

(2). 2 cell embryo

(3). 4 cell embryo

(4). Blastocyst

(5). Morula

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Stem Cell Technology

Stem Cell

Healthy Human’s

Neuron

Bone Marrow

Neuron Tissue

Insertion of Stem Cell

HO

HOH2CCH2

NH3+

B-cell’s of Pancreas

secretes Insulin

Dopamine

3-4 days Embryo

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Ribosome-Antibiotic Interactions

Venkatraman Ramakrishnan Ribosome

Thomas A Steitz Ada E Yonath

Antibiotic Resistance in Humans

Antibiotics

Drug DesignMolecular Docking

Homology Modeling

Drug DeliveryToxicity

Prediction

Bioinformatics

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Analytical Method Development

Electron Microscope

Shape of cell’s and cell organells

Concentration and Identification of

molecules

Mass Spectrophotometer

X-Ray Crystallography

Sequence of DNA and Proteins

Fermenter

HPLC(LC-MS)

Structure of the Molecules or

Organells

NMR

Gas Chromatography

(GC-MS)

Fermentation

Structure

Concentration and Identification of

Molecules

Microbial, Animal and Plant cells.

DNA and Protein

Cell’s, Cell organells, electron

Organic molecules

Organic molecules

Proteins, Enzymes, Acids, Fuels

Organic molecules

Electrophoresis Identification DNA, Protein

Gel Filtration Separation Proteins

PCR Amplification DNA, C-DNA, mRNA

Centrifuge Separation DNA, RNA, Proteins, Cell organells

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Nano-Technology

Nano Carbon

Medicine

ParticleCarbon Nano Tube

Reduce Environmental

Pollution

ReduceAcid Rains

Nano- Medicine

Rapid CureOf

Disease

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Disease Diagnosis – Silicon Chips

Micro Array

RNA Array

Protein Array PUQEGHILDCLKSTMFEWCUWECFP

UCAGUCAAGAGUAAGUAGCUAUCA

DNA Array TCGTCCATTATCCAGTCCATTAAGTC

Array Sequence

RNAor

DNAor

ProteinLabeling

on Silicon Chip

SiliconChipDisease Diagnosis

Elephantiasis

Malaria

Syphilis

HIV

Hepatitis

Inborn Errors

Protein Expression systemand

Gene Expression system

In SilicoGSP

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Next Generation Sequencing

Sanger’s DNA Sequencing

DNA Fragment DNA Sequence

Mass Spectrophotometer

DNA or ProteinFragment

DNA or Protein Sequence

Genomics or

Proteomics

GENOME Sanger’s DNA Sequencing

GENOME DATA

NEXT GENERATION

DNASEQUENCING

MutationsCancerCloning DATA DNA Editing

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Bioinformatics

Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)

Genome

Genome Data Analysis

GlobalizationFinger Prints

(Dactylogram)Disease FreeUniqueDNA

Plantation

Save Our Soul DATA(SOS DATA) Genomics Proteomics

Metabolomics

DNA Editing

RNAi

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Organ Transplantation and Organ Culture

MHC - HLA Typing HLA Matching

Organ Transplant

Graft Rejection

Stem Cell

Retina Culture Ear Culture Skin Culture

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Statistical Analysis

Probability

Average

Regression

ANOVA

Correlation

Factor

Frequency

Optimization

Cluster

RSM

Experiments

Design

DATA

RSM

Experimental Results

In Vivo

In Vitro

In Silico

In Situ

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Global Positioning SystemBrain’s Positioning System

Mice

Memory Motion Function

Human Brain

GPS

Edward I Moser

May Britt Moser

John O Keefe

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Precaution’s(1). Wear apron while conducing Experiments in bio-laboratory

(2). Aseptic and sterile conditions while conducting experiments

(3). Preserve food and water in glass ware

(4) . Avoid direct contact of microorganisms

(5). Use sterile glassware while conducting experiments

(6). Maintenance of sterile and aseptic conditions in laboratory

(7). Use disinfectants to was hands after the completion of experiments

(8). Remove footwear outside while enter into the laboratory

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Bioprocess Ethic’s Bioprocess should be carriedout under sterile and aseptic conditions. The Materials and tools used in the bioprocess must have certification by

authorized. The products formed in the bioprocess should be beneficial for the

Humans, Plants, Environment and other Animals. The bioprocess should be carriedout under expert supervision. The process developed under expert supervision must be knowledgeable to

Academician’s, Researcher’s and Student’s. The bioprocess developed by technologies should be pollution free

technologies. The experimental procedures of In Vivo, In Vitro, and In Silico methods

should be compatible with biological systems. The Materials, Methods and the Products should be Ecofriendly.

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Science Quotes• All that is valuable in human society depends upon the opportunity for development accorded the individual

- Albert Einstein• The greatest barrier to success is the fear of failure.- Sven Goran Eriksson• The joy of discovery is certainly the liveliest that the mind of man can ever feel.” – Claude Bernard• What’s in a name? that which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet- William Shakespeare • Every organic being is related, in the most essential yet often hidden manner, to that of all other organic

beings, with which it comes into competition for food or residence, or from which it has to escape or on which it preys- Charles Darwin

• Science knows no country, because knowledge belongs to humanity, and is the torch which illuminates the world- Louis Pasteur

• The pure culture is the foundation of all research on infectious disease- Robert Koch• The remarkable capacity of the immune system to responds to many thousands of different substances

with exquisite specificity saves us all from certain death by infection-Martin C. Raff• Everything is everywhere , the environment selects- M.W. Beijerinck• The recombinant DNA breakthrough has provided us with new and powerful approach to the questions that

have intrigued and plagued man for centuries- Paul Berg• Science is built up with facts, as a house is with stones. But a collection of facts is no more a science than a

heap of stones is a house - Jules Henri Poincaré• Keep working hard and you can get anything that you want." -Aaliyah• Failure's hard, but success is far more dangerous.“-Po Bronson• "The greatest barrier to success is the fear of failure." - Sven Goran Eriksson

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'Paleoanthropology' means 'Ancient' (from Greek 'palaeos') man as in humanity (from Greek 'anthrōpos') and study or

discourse (from Greek '-logia').

05/01/2023

Mail: dsnbenerji@gmail.com