Contents…

What is Biometrics? Types of Biometrics. Physiological Biometrics. Behavioral Biometrics. Advantages of Biometrics. Disadvantages of Biometrics. Conclusion.

What is BIOMETRIC

S?Biometrics refers to the automatic

identification of a person based on his or her

physiological or behavioral characteristics…

IT follows mainly three steps:- Recognition.Identification. Verification.

Types of biometrics.. Biometrics has been classified in two

types:-Physiological.Behavioral.

Physiological and Behavioral biometrics is further classified in many different types.

Physiological biometrics..

• They have been classified in five types:-

Fingerprint.Hand geometry.Facial recognition.Iris scan.Retina scan.

Fingerprint biometrics…

• It is the oldest method.• Everyone is known to

have unique, immutable fingerprints.

• The uniqueness pattern of ridges and furrows as

well as the minutiae points.

Hand geometry…Hand or finger geometry is automated many dimensions of hand and fingers.

The hand scan device can process the 3-D images in less than 5 seconds and the verification usually takes less than 1 second.

Facial recognition…

It involves recognizing people by there-

Facial features. Face geometry.

Image quality is vital factor.High possibility to false positives

and false negatives.

Iris scan…

Iris scanning measures the iris pattern in the colored part of the eye that surrounds the pupil.

It is protected internal organ whose random texture is stable throughout the life.

The iris patterns are obtained through video-based image acquisition system.

Retina scan…

It images back of the eye and compares blood vessels with the existing data.

The blood vessels within the retina absorb light more readily than the surrounding tissues and thus are easily identified.

The retina scan cannot be faked because it is currently impossible to forge a human retina.

Types of behavioral biometrics…

There are three types of behavioral biometrics:-

signature/handwriting voice recognition. multi-biometrics.

Signature biometrics..

It is an automated method of measuring an individuals signature.

This technology measures speed,pressure and direction of writing.

An expert forger may be able to duplicate what a signature looks like but it is impossible to duplicate the timing changes in X, Y and Z(pressure).

Voice recognition…

Voice or speaker recognition uses a vocal characteristic to identify individuals using a pass-phrase.

In this the software remembers the way you say each word.

It is popular and low cost.

It is sometimes less accurate and lengthy enrollment.

Multi-biometrics…A multi-model biometric system uses

the integration of biometric systems inorder to meet the stringent performance requirement.

In this system, the persons are identifies by two or more than two biometric identifiers.

It is reliable and reduces the error rates.

Advantages of Biometrics…

Biometric identification can provide extremely accurate, secured access to information.

Automated biometric identification can be done very rapidly and uniformly with a minimum of training.

The identity of a person can be verified without documents being stolen , lost or altered.

Disadvantages of Biometrics….

The fingerprints of those people working in chemical factories are often affected. Therefore finger biometric verification cannot be used there.

For people affected with diabetes, there eyes get affected resulting in differences.

It is an expensive security solution.

Conclusion….

Biometric is an emerging area with many opportunities for growth.

Possibly in the near future we will not have to remember PIN’s and Passwords.

Keys in our bags and pockets will be things of the past.