Biomedical applications of Antenna
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Transcript of Biomedical applications of Antenna
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Biomedical Applications of
AntennasGunjan Gupta – 10BEC112
Pratik Bhanawat- 10BEC113
Department of Electronics and CommunicationsInstitute of Technology
Nirma University
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Body area network (BAN)• Human body as a transmission channel
Figure 1: Transmission system using the human body as a transmission channel [2]Figure 2: Electric field stream line model of PAN [2]
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Body area network (BAN)• The content of a BAN or PAN contains a range of communications
needs and requirements. These can be classified as:• Off-body• On-body• In-body
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Antenna Body Area Networks
Figure 3: Radiation Pattern for Antenna Propagation [3]Figure 4: Human Body conduction [3]
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Challenges of Antenna Body Area Networks• Power• Absorption (SAR): specific allowances of radiation• Signal integrity• Body is a lossy, complex medium for signal propagation• Distortion of radiation pattern close to human?
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Wireless PANs in Medical Applications• Aim• Creation of a patient-centred RF hub that can receive vital signs from patients,
concentrate them and send them to a base station in a relatively short range via a wireless personal area network (WPAN)
• Use of WPANs • Connecting to a higher level network and the Internet (uplink) and even for
wireless communication among the ECG sensors themselves (intrapersonal communication)
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Wireless PANs in Medical ApplicationsThe criteria that are mostly considered for the selection of the most appropriate and efficient protocol in this area are:• Data rate• Range• Low battery power requirement• Safety and reliability• Security• Data Latency
Fig 5 : An instrument for Biomedical Applications [3]
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Non-Invasive Method Investigation for Blood Pressure Measurements• Cuff• Accurate• Non-continuous monitoring• Discomfort from pressure
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Non-Invasive Method Investigation for Blood Pressure Measurements• Arterial tonometer• Applies constant pressure on
artery at the wrist• Constant pressure creates
discomfort
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Challenges of coughless methods• Pulse Transit Time method (PTT)• Detect PTT• Pulse Oximeter• Impedance sensor• Issues with impedance detection
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Liquid Antennas for Bio-monitoring Applications
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References1. Effect of Earth Ground and Environment on Body-Centric
Communications in the MHz Band Katsuyuki Fujii and Yasuyuki Okumura 2. K. Fujii, M. Takahashi, and K. Ito, “Electric field distributions of wearable
devices using the human body as a transmission channel,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 2080–2087, 2007
3. ATHENA Research Group-Biomedical Application – Georgia Institute of Technology
4. Book: Antennas and Propagation for Body-Centric Wireless Communications Second Edition Peter S. Hall Yang Hao
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Thank You !