Biome
description
Transcript of Biome
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BiomeClimax community over a large geographical area.
Ecological
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Reasons for Biomes?1. Temperature
C. Hart Meriam (1898) eastern USA“Life Zones” latitude Arizona & Florida?
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Reasons for Biomes?1. Temperature2. Moisture3. Fire
(Complex Set of Factors!)
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Biomes of the USA
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Biomes of the USAMediterraneanTemperate Rain ForestDesertGrasslandEastern Deciduous forestSemitropical RainforestConiferous ForestTundra
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Plant Taxonomy Biomes are referred to as Formations or Floristic Regions
“Each characterized by numerous endemic species and by an unduplicated make-up of species.”-L. Benson
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Floristic Regions of the USA-L. BensonWestern Woodland and Brush Region
Pacific NorthwestSouthwest Desert RegionPlains and Prairie RegionEastern Forest RegionSubtropical RegionNorthern Coniferous Forest RegionBoreal AlpineRocky Mt. Region
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Floristic Regions of the USA-L. BensonBoreal Alpine/Rocky Mt. Region
(Biome/Floristic changes easily observed)North-South
White Mts.
Rocky Mts.
1000 ft. = 600 miles
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Rocky Mts.Vegetation Zones
FoothillsMontane or Coniferous (Doug firs, Ponderosa Pines)Subalpine Forest (Subalpines firs, Spruces)Hudsonian (scattered, stunted trees)Alpine Tundra (willows, cushion plants)
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Climax Communities/Local Associations
Eastern Deciduous ForestBeech-MapleOak Hickory
GrasslandTallgrass PrairieMixed-grass PrairieShort-grass Prairie
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Grasslands of the USA(Grasslands/Prairies)
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Grasslands of the USA(Grasslands/Prairies)
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Missouri General Land Survey 1815 -1818
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Pre-settlement Prairie in Missouri
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Pre-settlement Prairie in Northwest Missouri >
70%
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Pre-settlement Prairie in Northwest Missouri >
70%PerenialsExtensive root systemsWarm season growthDisease and insect resistanceGood coverage for wildlifeFood for wildlifeForage programsRe-established natural areas
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Precipitation Zones in Missouri
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Reasons for Prairies1. Temperature2. Precipitation3. Fire!
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Local Associations/Climax Communities
Tend to form if:
Conditions are natural
Proper seed bank is available
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If local association (climax community) is destroyed?
- Series of plant communitiesSeral Stages
Natural Succession
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Seral Stages
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Climax Community
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Seral Stages/Secondary Growth
A major part of the natural environment!
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Floristic Regions of Missouri-J. Steyermark
Plant Distribution and Topography
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Natural Divisions of Missouri- MDC/MDNR
Plant/Animal Distribution, Topography and Geographical History
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Natural Divisions of Missouri- MDC/MDNR
Plant/Animal Distribution, Topography and Geographical History