BIOMASS ENERGY AND

BIOGAS GENERATION

OVERVIEW•Biomass is a renewable energy source that is derived from living or recently living organisms. •Biomass includes biological material, not organic material like coal. •Energy derived from biomass is mostly used to generate electricity or to produce heat. •Thermal energy is extracted by means of combustion, pyrolysis, and gasification.•Biomass can be chemically and biochemically treated to convert it to a energy-rich fuel.

WHAT IS BIOGAS? A mixture of

methane(CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2)

Clean, efficient source of renewable energy

Made from organic waste

Anaerobic digestion Replaces non-

renewable energy Digested in an airtight

container

WHAT IS BIOGAS DIGESTION?

Biogas Digestion is the process of taking biogas to produce electricity, heat, or hot water

Biogas means a gas formed by carbon dioxide and methane from breakdown of organic materials such as manure.

WHAT IS A DIGESTER? Digester is a vessel

or container where the biogas process takes place. Bacteria breaks down manure or other waste products to create biogas. Products may be fed into the chamber.

WHY HAVE A BIOGAS DIGESTER?

Replaces fossil fuels and other sources of nonrenewable energy

Simple, cost effective designs

Highly available fuel supply

Better usage of manure- no longer polluting water- no longer being burnt

Saves money Decrease greenhouse gas

emissions

HOW DOES IT WORK? Manure mixed with water to create slurry Slurry is put into airtight digester Anaerobic decomposition Methane created and collected Effluent produced and removed

ADVANTAGES Most of them are renewable,

e.g., wood, mustard oil and crop residues.

Solve energy crisis in the future.

Some of them are re-using the waste, e.g.,crop residues, sewage.

High energy efficiency. Generally it does not polluted

the atmosphere as much as oil and coal.

Protects clean water supplies Reduces acid rain and smog Reduces greenhouse gases

Carbon dioxide Methane

DISADVANTAGES More serious air pollution was found when

burning plants matters, e.g., CO2, CO, solid particulate matter.

Emission some toxic gases and ash. It takes too much energy to collect, dry

and transport the residues to power plants. Reduce soil nutrient replenishment. Cutting too many woods is a kind of

deforestation, can cause soil erosion and natural disasters

It uses large area to grow biomass.

TECHNICAL IMPEDIMENTS Trees and other biomass is hard to gather There is a low output of 34% energy gain Development of cheapo and reliable

combustion techniques that will not release pollutants

Development of gasification techniques that incorporate hydrogen to create syngas

Biomass contains less energy per pound than fossil fuels

Cost-inefficient to transport more than 50 miles before it is converted to fuel

FIXED-DOME BIOGAS DIGESTER

FLOATING GAS-HOLDER DIGESTER

CONCLUSION Biogas works best on small

operations Has technology improves we

will be able to use methane gas more efficiently

Good way to put human and animal waste to good use

Renewables are a very small contributor to present Florida energy sources

Biomass energy is the predominate renewable energy source in Florida.

THANKYOU